Explore the vast range of titles available.

The backbreaking work of the transfers fell to slaves, and the weight of the cargo sent upriver as far as St. Paul, downriver to Memphis and New Orleans, on the Illinois River almost to Chicago, on the Ohio River all the way to Pittsburgh, and into the greater West via the Missouri River made the dominant culture a wealthy one. The Scotts had lived for some years in Wisconsin Territory, free soil according to the Missouri Compromise. Some have said that it is part of an officer's training that, once engaged in lethal response, he or she should aim for the abdominal core of the assailant, fire all the ammunition in the magazine, and never break the engagement.

[...] this afterword provides a response to these papers that may help people read them together. [...] in light of the contributions of these two papers, there is significant theological work to be done on the \"ascetica!\" dimension of marriage.

I believe in the sanctity of marriage and its ability to let two people discover God's love in their shared life. I believe that marriage is both hard work and an unearned gift, that it comes to two people for better or for worse, for richer for poorer, in sickness and in health. I believe that marriage is, by definition, a lifelong commitment between husband and wife. The impetus to vote \"yes\" on Amendment 2 next week may well come from a desire to \"do something\" for the sake of marriage. But it might be more effective to do things that are, in truth, both more ordinary and more demanding: Spend more time with spouse and family; build networks of support for married people in faith communities and extended families and neighborhoods; dig deeper into the traditions of faith -- the disciplines and the feasting alike; practice living openhandedly with one another and in all things, for God's sake. I am in favor of marriage. Supporting marriage, however, takes more than a tick on the ballot. Let us not allow wedge politics to define what is essentially a matter of the heart and a costly commitment. Polarizing the electorate in this matter is hardly helpful -- and the politics of polarization turn dangerous whenever the language of hate becomes permissible.

IN broadening controls that prevent the travel of most American citizens to Cuba, the Clinton administration has made a wrong turn. It says it wants to expand communications with the Cuban people and open the island to new ideas. Yet its policies seem designed to accomplish the exact opposite. It is wrong and it is unconstitutional. The Supreme Court ruled almost 30 years ago that the government could not prohibit Americans from traveling to designated countries. So in 1982 the Reagan administration said, \"We can't tell you that you can't travel to Cuba, but we can tell you that you can't spend any money to do so.\"

I want to applaud Rick Badie for his recent columns in the AJC regarding the neighborhood decay in Gwinnett County. Single-family homes are bunkhouses. Fence tagging is an everyday occurrence. Loud music every day. Trash thrown or blown into our yards almost daily. Old furniture and appliances in yards. Teenagers tearing down fences to create shortcuts through the neighborhood. House tagging and vandalism. I even called Gwinnett County Police Department on four cars being stripped for parts in a yard near me. Down the street, a car salvage/stripping operation is run daily. We have more outdoor storage of construction materials, tools and debris than Home Depot. Our street's latest addition is the overnight parking of two stretch limos. Yep, the plan is working. As an example, our street dead-ends into a cul-de-sac that is a hangout for gangs and people who like to have sex in their cars. My neighbor has contacted Ms. [Green] on multiple occasions requesting help because the dead-end area is owned by Gwinnett County. He suggested that if the county would cut down the trees at the end of the cul-de-sac, then the cul-de-sac would be visible from Steve Reynolds Boulevard. If the cul-de-sac were visible from a busy street, maybe people would be less inclined to participate in illegal activities there. Ms. Green could not help us in any way with this issue.

We describe the sources of stray light and thermal background that affect JWST observations; report actual backgrounds as measured from commissioning and early science observations; compare those background levels to pre-launch predictions; estimate the impact of the backgrounds on science performance; and explore how the backgrounds probe the achieved configuration of the deployed observatory. We find the observatory is limited by the irreducible astrophysical backgrounds, rather than scattered stray light and thermal self-emission, for all wavelengths λ<12.5 micron, thus meeting the level 1 requirement. This result was not assured given the open architecture and thermal challenges of JWST, and is the result of meticulous attention to stray light and thermal issues in the design, construction, integration, and test phases. From background considerations alone, JWST will require less integration time in the near-infrared compared to a system that just met the stray light requirements; as such, JWST will be even more powerful than expected for deep imaging at 1--5 micron. In the mid-infrared, the measured thermal backgrounds closely match pre-launch predictions. The background near 10 micron is slightly higher than predicted before launch, but the impact on observations is mitigated by the excellent throughput of MIRI, such that instrument sensitivity will be as good as expected pre-launch. These measured background levels are fully compatible with JWST's science goals and the Cycle 1 science program currently underway.

Peptides generated by proteasome-catalyzed splicing of noncontiguous amino acid sequences have been shown to constitute a source of nontemplated human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) epitopes, but their role in pathogen-specific immunity remains unknown. CD8⁺ T cells are key mediators of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) control, and identification of novel epitopes to enhance targeting of infected cells is a priority for prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. To explore the contribution of proteasome-catalyzed peptide splicing (PCPS) to HIV-1 epitope generation, we developed a broadly applicable mass spectrometry-based discovery workflow that we employed to identify spliced HLA-I–bound peptides on HIV-infected cells. We demonstrate that HIV-1–derived spliced peptides comprise a relatively minor component of the HLA-I–bound viral immunopeptidome. Although spliced HIV-1 peptides may elicit CD8⁺ T cell responses relatively infrequently during infection, CD8⁺ T cells primed by partially overlapping contiguous epitopes in HIV-infected individuals were able to cross-recognize spliced viral peptides, suggesting a potential role for PCPS in restricting HIV-1 escape pathways. Vaccine-mediated priming of responses to spliced HIV-1 epitopes could thus provide a novel means of exploiting epitope targets typically underutilized during natural infection.

The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is a fully-automated, wide-field survey aimed at a systematic exploration of the optical transient sky. The transient survey is performed using a new 8.1 square degree camera installed on the 48 inch Samuel Oschin telescope at Palomar Observatory; colors and light curves for detected transients are obtained with the automated Palomar 60 inch telescope. PTF uses 80% of the 1.2 m and 50% of the 1.5 m telescope time. With an exposure of 60 s the survey reaches a depth of m g ′  ≈ 21.3 m g ′ ≈ 21.3 and m R  ≈ 20.6 m R ≈ 20.6 (5σ, median seeing). Four major experiments are planned for the five-year project: (1) a 5 day cadence supernova search; (2) a rapid transient search with cadences between 90 s and 1 day; (3) a search for eclipsing binaries and transiting planets in Orion; and (4) a 3π sr deep H-alpha survey. PTF provides automatic, real-time transient classification and follow-up, as well as a database including every source detected in each frame. This paper summarizes the PTF project, including several months of on-sky performance tests of the new survey camera, the observing plans, and the data reduction strategy. We conclude by detailing the first 51 PTF optical transient detections, found in commissioning data.

Jadeite artefacts at Maya sites are normally associated with ritual and ceremonial locations, with high-quality jadeite reserved for elite objects. The discovery of a jadeite gouge with a wooden handle at a Classic Maya salt-working site submerged by sea-level rise—Ek Way Nal, Belize—is therefore unexpected and provides new information about the utilitarian use of this stone. The extremely high quality of this jadeite tool is particularly surprising, offering new insight into the Classic Maya exchange systems and the role of salt makers such as those based at Ek Way Nal.