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"Smith, Steve"
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Digital performance : a history of new media in theater, dance, performance art, and installation
In the past decade digital media has been increasingly incorporated into live theater and dance, and forms of interactive performance have emerged in participatory installations, on CD-ROM, and on the Web. This text traces the evolution of these practices, and presents accounts of key practitioners and performances.
Book
Introduction to the NeuroImage Special Issue “Mapping the Connectome”
The \"WU-Minn\" HCP is generating a mapping of the (macroscopic-level functional and structural) human connectome in over 1000 subjects, that will be the most comprehensive dataset of this type generated to date (Van Essen); to achieve this, many new acquisition and analysis developments are described, including improved MRI hardware and accelerated EPI for dMRI and fMRI (Ugurbil), surface-based data pre-processing (Glasser), dMRI (Sotiropoulos), rfMRI (Smith), task-fMRI and behavioural data (Barch), MEG (Larson-Prior) and informatics (Marcus).
Journal Article
IWoz : computer geek to cult icon : getting to the core of Apple's inventor
The Apple is an icon, a piece of engineering brilliance, a brand with 30 million loyal users. This is the story of the man behind it, the reclusive engineer who one June in 1976 built a computer just for fun. By Christmas he was selling it. The rest is history.
Book
RNA-seq analysis reveals extensive transcriptional plasticity to temperature stress in a freshwater fish species
Background
Identifying genes of adaptive significance in a changing environment is a major focus of ecological genomics. Such efforts were restricted, until recently, to researchers studying a small group of model organisms or closely related taxa. With the advent of next generation sequencing (NGS), genomes and transcriptomes of virtually any species are now available for studies of adaptive evolution. We experimentally manipulated temperature conditions for two groups of crimson spotted rainbowfish (
Melanotaenia duboulayi
) and measured differences in RNA transcription between them. This non-migratory species is found across a latitudinal thermal gradient in eastern Australia and is predicted to be negatively impacted by ongoing environmental and climatic change.
Results
Using next generation RNA-seq technologies on an Illumina HiSeq2000 platform, we assembled a
de novo
transcriptome and tested for differential expression across the treatment groups. Quality of the assembly was high with a N50 length of 1856 bases. Of the 107,749 assembled contigs, we identified 4251 that were differentially expressed according to a consensus of four different mapping and significance testing approaches. Once duplicate isoforms were removed, we were able to annotate 614 up-regulated transfrags and 349 that showed reduced expression in the higher temperature group.
Conclusions
Annotated blast matches reveal that differentially expressed genes correspond to critical metabolic pathways previously shown to be important for temperature tolerance in other fish species. Our results indicate that rainbowfish exhibit predictable plastic regulatory responses to temperature stress and the genes we identified provide excellent candidates for further investigations of population adaptation to increasing temperatures.
Journal Article
Integrated structured light architectures
The structural versatility of light underpins an outstanding collection of optical phenomena where both geometrical and topological states of light can dictate how matter will respond or display. Light possesses multiple degrees of freedom such as amplitude, and linear, spin angular, and orbital angular momenta, but the ability to adaptively engineer the spatio-temporal distribution of all these characteristics is primarily curtailed by technologies used to impose any desired structure to light. We demonstrate a laser architecture based on coherent beam combination offering integrated spatio-temporal field control and programmability, thereby presenting unique opportunities for generating light by design to exploit its topology.
Journal Article
The woulda coulda shoulda guide to Canadian inventions
\"One of Canada's greatest inventors takes on his peers, with mixed results. The author of How to Do Everything and Red Green's Beginner's Guide to Women has never been reluctant to take on enormously difficult jobs that are doomed to failure. This latest project has turned out to be perhaps his nearest thing to a triumph yet. In Woulda, Coulda, Shoulda, Red surveys, analyzes, critiques and in some cases tells you how to replicate at home the best Canadian inventions, from the Wonderbra to the hard-cup jockstrap, by way of insulin, the walkie-talkie, synchronised swimming and more world-changing innovations than you can wave a Canadarm at. And speaking of the Canadarm, Red shows how by simply combining common household items such as a cordless drill, metal tape measure, broomstick, ice tongs, bungee cord, fishing reel and, of course, the handiman's secret weapon--duct tape--you will in no time at all be lifting oranges out of the fruit bowl like a trained astronaut. Elsewhere, Red tells the little-known story of how the BlackBerry inspired a freelance piccolo player from the Possum Lake area to create a WhistleBerry communication device requiring no internet connection, wireless or electricity. He explains definitively the difference between the alkaline battery and Al Kaline, who played right field for the Detroit Tigers. And he reveals how Lodge Member Dennis Holmsworth's test-run of magnetic shoes along the underside of the Mercury Creek Railway Bridge literally came undone as a result of poor lace-tying skills. The illustrations are inimitably--because really, who else would want to?--the work of the author himself, relieved throughout with a large number of photographs in vivid black and white. An important contribution to the sesquicentennial celebrations, and an inspiration to the handiman and handiwoman to aim high, however badly they might miss, The Woulda Coulda Shoulda Guide to Canadian Inventions is a book no shed should be without.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Brain gene expression reveals pathways underlying nocturnal migratory restlessness
Migration is one of the most extreme and energy demanding life history strategies to have evolved in the animal kingdom. In birds, champions of long-distance migrations, the seasonal emergence of the migratory phenotype is characterised by rapid physiological and metabolic remodelling, including substantial accumulation of fat stores and increases in nocturnality. The molecular underpinnings and brain adaptations to seasonal migrations remain poorly understood. Here, we exposed Common quails (
Coturnix coturnix
) to controlled changes in day length to simulate southward autumn migration, and then blocked the photoperiod until birds entered the non-migratory wintering phase. We first performed
de novo
RNA-Sequencing from selected brain samples (hypothalamus) collected from birds at a standardised time at night, either in a migratory state (when restlessness was highest and at their body mass peak), or in a non-migratory state and conducted differential gene expression and functional pathways analyses. We found that the migratory state was associated with up-regulation of a few, yet functionally well defined, gene expression networks implicated in fat trafficking, protein and carbohydrate metabolism. Further analyses that focused on candidate genes (apolipoprotein H or APOH, lysosomal associated membrane protein-2 or LAMP2) from samples collected during the day or night across the entire study population suggested differences in the expression of these genes depending on the time of the day with the largest expression levels being found in the migratory birds sampled at night. We also found that expression of APOH was positively associated with levels of nocturnal activity in the migratory birds; such an association was absent within the non-migratory birds. Our results provide novel experimental evidence revealing that hypothalamic changes in expression of apolipoprotein pathways, which regulate the circulatory transport of lipids, are likely key regulatory activators of nocturnal migratory movements. Our study paves the way for performing deeper functional investigations on seasonal molecular remodelling underlying the development of the migratory phenotype.
Journal Article
Cerebrovascular risk factors impact frontoparietal network integrity and executive function in healthy ageing
Healthy cognitive ageing is a societal and public health priority. Cerebrovascular risk factors increase the likelihood of dementia in older people but their impact on cognitive ageing in younger, healthy brains is less clear. The UK Biobank provides cognition and brain imaging measures in the largest population cohort studied to date. Here we show that cognitive abilities of healthy individuals (N = 22,059) in this sample are detrimentally affected by cerebrovascular risk factors. Structural equation modelling revealed that cerebrovascular risk is associated with reduced cerebral grey matter and white matter integrity within a fronto-parietal brain network underlying executive function. Notably, higher systolic blood pressure was associated with worse executive cognitive function in mid-life (44–69 years), but not in late-life (>70 years). During mid-life this association did not occur in the systolic range of 110–140 mmHg. These findings suggest cerebrovascular risk factors impact on brain structure and cognitive function in healthy people.
Cerebrovascular risk factors reduce cognitive performance via changes in the integrity of a frontoparietal brain network in ageing. Modification of blood pressure, with antihypertensive treatment in mid-life, mitigates against cognitive decline over a specific blood pressure range.
Journal Article