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The purpose of this study was to analyze the ecogeographical distribution of poisonous plants in floristic regions of Kazakhstan and identify the effect of arid conditions on their distribution. In total, the 51 most toxic vascular plant species belonging to 34 families were identified in the republic. Cartographic analysis showed that the lesser part of these species are confined to plain floristic regions in northern deserts; while mountain steppe regions have the greater part of toxic species. The largest numbers of poisonous plant species were recorded in the following floristic regions: Western Tien Shan, Tarbagatai, and Altai; the smallest numbers, in Mangyshlak, Northern and Southern Ustyurt, and Buzachi.

The aim of this work was to identify patterns in the distribution of species diversity of allergenic and poisonous plants across the floristic regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As a result of this research, 51 of the most toxic species of vascular plants belonging to 34 families were identified on the territory of the republic. The list of allergenic plants includes 59 species belonging to six families. An additional analysis of the distribution patterns of allergenic and poisonous plants was conducted, based on their relationship with leading environmental factors. The positive relationship between the number of allergenic species and the aridity index values shows that an increase in the number of allergenic species occurs with an increase in climate humidity. The high correlation between the number of poisonous species and the average annual precipitation suggests that the number of poisonous species increases with an increase in floristic diversity in the arid and semi-arid regions of Kazakhstan. The conducted cartographic analysis showed that the greatest number of allergen species of different groups blooming from spring to autumn includes the following floristic regions: forest–steppe, arid steppes, dry and desert steppes, and northern deserts and mountains. The greatest number of poisonous plant species is found in mountainous regions with high floristic diversity.

Low-toxic colloidal superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for theranostic applications were obtained by microwave-assisted technique. Nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method under different conditions. XANES, XRD, and XPS studies support the maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) atomic and electronic structure of the nanoparticles. XANES data analysis reveals that nanoparticles have the structure reminiscent of the macroscopic maghemite. Mossbauer spectroscopy supports the γ-Fe2O3 phase of the nanoparticles and vibration magnetometry study shows that the nanoparticles appear to be superparamagnetic. Nanoparticle shape and size were studied by TEM and DLS methods. It was shown that the nanoparticles do not exceed 20 nm. Also, the nanoparticles are found to be low-toxic and did not have significant effects on the viability of the HeLa cell culture. The obtained nanoparticles generated heat with the highest ILP value of 2.56 nHm2/kg and can be considered potential candidates as heat mediators for local magnetic hyperthermia in oncology.

Design, assembly procedure, and some test results of track chambers based on drift tubes (DT) in a housing made of aluminum tubes with a diameter of 30 and 52 mm and mylar tubes with a diameter of 15 and 30 mm are presented.

This article analyzes a set of species of allergenic plants in the lowland biomes of Russia. Their species diversity was revealed, a statistical analysis of the relationships between the number of allergenic plant species in regional biomes and climatic indicators was carried out, and the corresponding maps were built and their analysis was given. It is shown that the distribution of the number of allergenic plant species in the spring reflects their clear predominance in broad-leaved forest and forest-steppe biomes, while in the summer allergenic plants predominate in forest-steppe and steppe biomes. The closest positive relationship has been established between the number of allergenic plant species that bloom in the summer and the average annual air temperature, as well as between all allergenic plant species and the average annual air temperature. However, the relationship between the number of allergenic plant species in the biome and the aridity index turned out to be low.

Finite difference method (FDM) implemented in the FDMNES software [Phys. Rev. B, 2001, 63, 125120] was revised. Thorough analysis shows, that the calculated diagonal in the FDM matrix consists of about 96% zero elements. Thus a sparse solver would be more suitable for the problem instead of traditional Gaussian elimination for the diagonal neighbourhood. We have tried several iterative sparse solvers and the direct one MUMPS solver with METIS ordering turned out to be the best. Compared to the Gaussian solver present method is up to 40 times faster and allows XANES simulations for complex systems already on personal computers. We show applicability of the software for metal-organic [Fe(bpy)3]2+ complex both for low spin and high spin states populated after laser excitation.

The development of advanced methods for the synthesis of nano- and microparticles for biomedical applications is of considerable interest. A method for synthesizing submicron silver-shelled calcium carbonate particles using a microfluidic chip designed to control the particle formation is proposed. Precise control of reaction parameters enables controlled formation of silver shell and calcium carbonate particles. The distribution of pores in the hybrid particles was analyzed using small-angle X-ray scattering, which gained insight into the complex structure of the pores. The results provide information on the particle morphology and may facilitate the development of new calcium carbonate-based materials for various applications.