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"Song, Li"
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الأدوات البرونزية للصين
يعتبر ظهور الأدوات البرونزية قفزة مهمة في تاريخ الحضارة الإنسانية. وعلي الرغم من أن العصر البرونزي في الصين لم يكن الأول في تاريخ البشرية، ولكن الأدوات البرونزية في الصين القديمة قد احتلت مكانة فريدة في تاريخ الحضارة العالمية اعتمادا علي أنواعها المتنوعة وأنماطها الغنية وعملية السبك الدقيقة والدلالة التاريخية والثقافية العميقة التي يحملها كل عمل برونزي في الصين القديمة. وهذا الكتاب الذي بين يدي القارئ الكريم يعرفن بلغة واضحة وحية وبالشرح والصور على أحد اوجه الثقافة والفنون الصينية الشهيرة والتي هي ثقافة البرونز الرائعة في الصين القديمة، فمن خلال قطعة من القطع البرونزية الثمينة يمكننا أن نستمع إلي صوت العصر البرونزي من أماكن بعيدة وتجربة أسلوب فريد من نوعه في ذلك العصر الذي مازالت أسراره بعيدة عن متناول القارئ العربي والتي نحاول من خلال هذا الكتاب أن نقدمها بشكل موجز وواضح لننقل للقارئ الكريم وجها جديدا عليه من أوجه الحضارة الصينية المتميزة.
Book
Hsa_circ_0003998 promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma by sponging miR-143-3p and PCBP1
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a critical regulatory role in cancer progression. However, the underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis remain mostly unknown.
Methods
Has_circ_0003998 (circ0003998) was identified by RNAs sequencing in HCC patients with /without portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) metastasis. The expression level of circ0003998 was further detected by in situ hybridization on tissues microarray (ISH-TMA) and qRT-PCR in 25 HCC patients with PVTT metastasis. Moreover, the 25 HCC patients with PVTT metastasis and 50 HCC patients without PVTT metastasis were recruited together to analyze the correlation between circ0003998 expression and HCC clinical characteristics. Transwell, migration and CCK8 assays, as well as nude mice model of lung or liver metastasis were used to evaluate the role of circ0003998 in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC. The regulatory mechanisms of circ0003998 in miR-143-3p and PCBP1 were determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay, nuclear-cytoplasmic fractionation, fluorescent in situ hybridization, RNA pull- down, microRNA sequence, western blot and RNA immunoprecipitation.
Results
Compared with adjacent normal liver tissues (ANL), circ0003998 expression was significantly upregulated in PVTT tissues and HCC tissues, and its expression correlates with the aggressive characteristics of HCC patients. Further assays suggested that circ0003998 promoted EMT of HCC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, our data indicated that circ0003998 may act as a ceRNA (competing endogenous RNA) of microRNA-143-3p to relieve the repressive effect on EMT-related stimulator, FOSL2; meanwhile, circ0003998 could bind with PCBP1-poly(rC) binding protein 1 (PCBP1) to increase the expression level of EMT-related genes, CD44v6.
Conclusion
Circ0003998 promotes EMT of HCC by circ0003998/miR-143-3p/FOSL2 axis and circ0003998 /PCBP1/CD44v6 axis.
Journal Article
Business trends in the digital era : evolution of theories and applications
This book introduces 10 mega business trends, ranging from big data to the O2O model. By mining and analyzing mountains of data, the author identifies these 10 emerging trends and goes to great lengths to explain and support his views with up-to-date cases. By incorporating the latest developments, this book allows readers to keep abreast of rapidly advancing digital technologies and business models. In this time of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, acquiring deep insights into business trends and grasping opportunities for innovation give readers (business executives in particular) and their companies a competitive advantage and the potential to become the next success story. The Chinese version of the book has become a hit, with some business schools using it as a textbook for their S & T Innovation and Business Trends programs. It also provides business executives with a practical guide for their investment and operation decisions.
Book
Centrifuger: lossless compression of microbial genomes for efficient and accurate metagenomic sequence classification
Centrifuger is an efficient taxonomic classification method that compares sequencing reads against a microbial genome database. In Centrifuger, the Burrows-Wheeler transformed genome sequences are losslessly compressed using a novel scheme called run-block compression. Run-block compression achieves sublinear space complexity and is effective at compressing diverse microbial databases like RefSeq while supporting fast rank queries. Combining this compression method with other strategies for compacting the Ferragina-Manzini (FM) index, Centrifuger reduces the memory footprint by half compared to other FM-index-based approaches. Furthermore, the lossless compression and the unconstrained match length help Centrifuger achieve greater accuracy than competing methods at lower taxonomic levels.
Journal Article
حوكمة الصين في العلوم والتكنولوجيا والتعليم
دخلت الصين مرحلة جديدة من التطور خلال العقود الثلاثة، مع بدئها بتنفيذ سياسة الإصلاح والانفتاح، فاحتل اقتصادها في العام 2010 م، المرتبة الثانية لأكبر اقتصاد في العالم، نتيجة سنوات طويلة من العمل الشاق، لبناء دولة اشتراكية قوية، والترويج لحوكمة جديدة، إلى جانب التطور المتسارع لكل من العلوم والتكنولوجيا والتعليم، تحت قيادة الرئيس شي جين بينغ الحكيمة التي عكست وجهة نظره الثاقبة والمتمثلة في دمج النظرية بالممارسة لمواكبة الزمن. وبناء عليه، سيعالج هذا الكتاب أهم الخطوط العريضة التي قام عليها فكر شي جين بينغ في حوكمة الصين، وبناء دولة ابتكارية تعطي الأولوية لتطوير العلوم والتكنولوجيا والتعليم، وإغنائها بالمواهب الشابة، بهدف الحفاظ على استمرارية النهضة التي تشهدها الأمة الصينية حاليا، والشير أكثر فأكثر إلى الأمام.
Repurposing of clinically approved drugs for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 in a 2019-novel coronavirus-related coronavirus model
Medicines for the treatment of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections are urgently needed. However, drug screening using live 2019-nCoV requires high-level biosafety facilities, which imposes an obstacle for those institutions without such facilities or 2019-nCoV. This study aims to repurpose the clinically approved drugs for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a 2019-nCoV-related coronavirus model.
A 2019-nCoV-related pangolin coronavirus GX_P2V/pangolin/2017/Guangxi was described. Whether GX_P2V uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the cell receptor was investigated by using small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of ACE2. The pangolin coronavirus model was used to identify drug candidates for treating 2019-nCoV infection. Two libraries of 2406 clinically approved drugs were screened for their ability to inhibit cytopathic effects on Vero E6 cells by GX_P2V infection. The anti-viral activities and anti-viral mechanisms of potential drugs were further investigated. Viral yields of RNAs and infectious particles were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and plaque assay, respectively.
The spike protein of coronavirus GX_P2V shares 92.2% amino acid identity with that of 2019-nCoV isolate Wuhan-hu-1, and uses ACE2 as the receptor for infection just like 2019-nCoV. Three drugs, including cepharanthine (CEP), selamectin, and mefloquine hydrochloride, exhibited complete inhibition of cytopathic effects in cell culture at 10 μmol/L. CEP demonstrated the most potent inhibition of GX_P2V infection, with a concentration for 50% of maximal effect [EC50] of 0.98 μmol/L. The viral RNA yield in cells treated with 10 μmol/L CEP was 15,393-fold lower than in cells without CEP treatment ([6.48 ± 0.02] × 10vs. 1.00 ± 0.12, t = 150.38, P < 0.001) at 72 h post-infection (p.i.). Plaque assays found no production of live viruses in media containing 10 μmol/L CEP at 48 h p.i. Furthermore, we found CEP had potent anti-viral activities against both viral entry (0.46 ± 0.12, vs.1.00 ± 0.37, t = 2.42, P < 0.05) and viral replication ([6.18 ± 0.95] × 10vs. 1.00 ± 0.43, t = 3.98, P < 0.05).
Our pangolin coronavirus GX_P2V is a workable model for 2019-nCoV research. CEP, selamectin, and mefloquine hydrochloride are potential drugs for treating 2019-nCoV infection. Our results strongly suggest that CEP is a wide-spectrum inhibitor of pan-betacoronavirus, and further study of CEP for treatment of 2019-nCoV infection is warranted.
Journal Article
Rcorrector: efficient and accurate error correction for Illumina RNA-seq reads
Abstract
Background
Next-generation sequencing of cellular RNA (RNA-seq) is rapidly becoming the cornerstone of transcriptomic analysis. However, sequencing errors in the already short RNA-seq reads complicate bioinformatics analyses, in particular alignment and assembly. Error correction methods have been highly effective for whole-genome sequencing (WGS) reads, but are unsuitable for RNA-seq reads, owing to the variation in gene expression levels and alternative splicing.
Findings
We developed a k-mer based method, Rcorrector, to correct random sequencing errors in Illumina RNA-seq reads. Rcorrector uses a De Bruijn graph to compactly represent all trusted k-mers in the input reads. Unlike WGS read correctors, which use a global threshold to determine trusted k-mers, Rcorrector computes a local threshold at every position in a read.
Conclusions
Rcorrector has an accuracy higher than or comparable to existing methods, including the only other method (SEECER) designed for RNA-seq reads, and is more time and memory efficient. With a 5 GB memory footprint for 100 million reads, it can be run on virtually any desktop or server. The software is available free of charge under the GNU General Public License from https://github.com/mourisl/Rcorrector/.
Journal Article
Exosome-Mediated miR-155 Transfer from Smooth Muscle Cells to Endothelial Cells Induces Endothelial Injury and Promotes Atherosclerosis
The vascular response to pro-atherosclerotic factors is a multifactorial process involving endothelial cells (ECs), macrophages (MACs), and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), although the mechanism by which these cell types communicate with each other in response to environmental cues is yet to be understood. Here, we show that miR-155, which is significantly expressed and secreted in Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5)-overexpressing vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is a potent regulator of endothelium barrier function through regulating endothelial targeting tight junction protein expression. VSMCs-derived exosomes mediate the transfer of KLF5-induced miR-155 from SMCs to ECs, which, in turn, destroys tight junctions and the integrity of endothelial barriers, leading to an increased endothelial permeability and enhanced atherosclerotic progression. Moreover, overexpression of miR-155 in ECs inhibits endothelial cell proliferation/migration and re-endothelialization in vitro and in vivo and thus increases vascular endothelial permeability. Blockage of the exosome-mediated transfer of miR-155 between these two cells may serve as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
Journal Article
The effect of Clostridium butyricum on symptoms and fecal microbiota in diarrhea-dominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder in gastrointestinal system and impairs the quality of life of the patients.
Clostridium butyricum
(
CB
) is a probiotics that has been used in several gastrointestinal diseases. The efficacy of
CB
in treating IBS is still unknown. This prospective, multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of
CB
in treating diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and analyze the fecal microbiota after treatment. Two hundred patients with IBS-D were recruited and were given
CB
or placebo for 4 weeks. End points included change from baseline in IBS symptoms, quality of life, stool consistency and frequency. Compared with placebo,
CB
is effective in improving the overall IBS-D symptoms (−62.12 ± 74.00 vs. −40.74 ± 63.67,
P
= 0.038) as well as quality of life (7.232 ± 14.06 vs. 3.159 ± 11.73,
P
= 0.032) and stool frequency (−1.602 ± 1.416 vs. −1.086 ± 1.644,
P
= 0.035). The responder rates are found higher in
CB
compared with the placebo (44.76% vs. 30.53%,
P
= 0.042). The change in fecal microbiota was analyzed and function pathways of
CB
in treating IBS-D were predicted. In conclusion,
CB
improves overall symptoms, quality of life and stool frequency in IBS-D patients and is considered to be used as a probiotics in treating IBS-D clinically.
Journal Article