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Leishmaniasis is a vectorborne disease that can infect humans, dogs, and other mammals. We identified one of its causative agents, Leishmania infantum, in a dog born in California, USA, demonstrating potential for autochthonous infections in this country. Our finding bolsters the need for improved leishmaniasis screening practices in the United States.

The β Cephei star HD 167743 was observed from three different observatories in the years 2006 and 2007. The data sets were collected through the filters Johnson UBV and Strömgren uvy. First analyses show six independent and five combination frequencies. We present mode identifications, which are simplified by the rather high amplitudes of the star. No evidence for rotational splitting was found yet.

To measure cerebral blood flow before and after intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) in patients at high risk of developing delayed cerebral ischaemia after aneurysm surgery following subarachnoid haemorrhage. Six prospectively selected patients at high risk of developing delayed ischaemia had elective IABC after clipping of their cerebral aneurysm(s). The IAB inflates in early diastole and deflates at the end of diastole to increase cardiac perfusion and decrease afterload. This results in enhanced cardiac efficiency. It also augments cerebral blood flow (CBF). We demonstrated a significant increase in the mean hemispheric CBF from the preoperative (preIABC) value of 35.6 mls/100 g/min to 50.9 +/- 12.3 mls/100 g/min (p = 0.0042) as a result of balloon augmentation. Each patient developed a neurological deficit as a result of delayed cerebral ischaemia. These were reversed in 5 patients with increased CBF. There were minimal balloon related complications. IABC consistently enhanced CBF in these patients and resulted in stable cardiovascular parameters. This represents a possible new technique in the management of cerebral ischaemia following subarachnoid haemorrhage and needs further assessment to ascertainlits role.

Eleven years ago, Harvey Averch and Leland Johnson demonstrated that firms subject to rate of return regulation have an incentive to use inputs in proportions that differ from the cost minimizing input levels, In the intervening years, numerous theoretical papers have appeared in the literature refining their original thesis, but, until recently there has been little or no empirical testing of this proposition. In this paper a test of the Averch-Johnson thesis using the trans-log production function is derived. The test is applied to data from regulated electric utilities and the Averch-Johnson thesis is confirmed.