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"Spiller, Marcus"
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Funding urban infrastructure
Notwithstanding its lack of a constitutional mandate in city and regional planning, the Commonwealth Government has sporadically intervened in urban infrastructure funding almost from the inception of the federation. In so doing, it has applied policy ideas ranging from the visionary to the farcical. Ideally, federal funding of state, territory, and local governments should be premised on mitigating vertical fiscal imbalances, advancing horizontal fiscal equalisation, and nudging these jurisdictions to make investment and program choices that align with national objectives. Subsidiarity should provide the touchstone principle for any such policy.
This chapter discusses why and how the Commonwealth Government could
Book Chapter
LIVEABLE COMMUNITIES – HOW THE COMMONWEALTH CAN FOSTER SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND REGIONS
The Commonwealth Government has undertaken major taxation reforms to revitalise the Australian federation, paving the way for new and more robust national responses to sustainable development. These responses need to be firmly based on the concept of subsidiarity where policy development and implementation is undertaken as close as possible to local communities, while not compromising agreed objectives at regional, state and national levels. This note examines the Planning Institute of Australia's proposed model for a national urban policy. This policy calls for the establishment of an Australian Sustainable Development Charter, a Sustainable Development Commission and a contingent funding regime under which the States and Territories will have major financial incentives to create and implement visionary strategies for our cities and regions. In its 'Sustainable Cities' report, released in September 2005, the House of Representatives Committee on Environment and Heritage endorsed the principles of the PIA model.
Journal Article
Our cities should be allowed to water their own green shoots
Prodigious city growth is scary because humans are seen as net consumers of Australia's fragile environment. This needn't be the case. With the right policy settings and some re-engineering of...
Newspaper Article
Closing the great divide
We need to reduce the gap between affluent and struggling suburbs, writes Marcus Spiller.
Newspaper Article
Orange Grove fiasco highlights problems with city planning
THE bizarre Orange Grove affair, where a minister proudly opens a shopping centre and then, not so many months later, a second minister from the same portfolio closes down the centre for non- compliance with policy, suggests there must be a better way of organising metropolitan planning. This is not to criticise the Orange Grove decision, which saw Gazcorp's factory outlet at Liverpool in Sydney's southwest officially closed last month. The significance of Orange Grove is that it throws into sharp relief the multiplicity of pressure points in the planning system, many of which could be designed out or at least moderated through improved institutional arrangements.
Newspaper Article
Design and quantitative evaluation of ‘Aerosol Bio-Containment Device (ABCD)’ for reducing aerosol exposure during infectious aerosol-generating events
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic renewed interest in infectious aerosols and reducing risk of airborne respiratory pathogen transmission, prompting development of devices to protect healthcare workers during airway procedures. However, there are no standard methods for assessing the efficacy of particle containment with these protective devices. We designed and built an aerosol bio-containment device (ABCD) to contain and remove aerosol via an external suction system and tested the aerosol containment of the device in an environmental chamber using a novel, quantitative assessment method. The ABCD exhibited a strong ability to control aerosol exposure in experimental and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulated scenarios with appropriate suction use and maintenance of device seals. Using a log-risk-reduction framework, we assessed device containment efficacy and showed that, when combined with other protective equipment, the ABCD can significantly reduce airborne clinical exposure. We propose this type of quantitative analysis serves as a basis for rating efficacy of aerosol protective enclosures.
Journal Article
Design and quantitative evaluation of 'Aerosol Bio-Containment Device
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic renewed interest in infectious aerosols and reducing risk of airborne respiratory pathogen transmission, prompting development of devices to protect healthcare workers during airway procedures. However, there are no standard methods for assessing the efficacy of particle containment with these protective devices. We designed and built an aerosol bio-containment device (ABCD) to contain and remove aerosol via an external suction system and tested the aerosol containment of the device in an environmental chamber using a novel, quantitative assessment method. The ABCD exhibited a strong ability to control aerosol exposure in experimental and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulated scenarios with appropriate suction use and maintenance of device seals. Using a log-risk-reduction framework, we assessed device containment efficacy and showed that, when combined with other protective equipment, the ABCD can significantly reduce airborne clinical exposure. We propose this type of quantitative analysis serves as a basis for rating efficacy of aerosol protective enclosures.
Journal Article