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It has long been thought that the mammalian visual system is organized into parallel pathways, with incoming visual signals being parsed in the retina based on feature (e.g. color, contrast and motion) and then transmitted to the brain in unmixed, feature-specific channels. To faithfully convey feature-specific information from retina to cortex, thalamic relay cells must receive inputs from only a small number of functionally similar retinal ganglion cells. However, recent studies challenged this by revealing substantial levels of retinal convergence onto relay cells. Here, we sought to identify mechanisms responsible for the assembly of such convergence. Using an unbiased transcriptomics approach and targeted mutant mice, we discovered a critical role for the synaptic adhesion molecule Leucine Rich Repeat Transmembrane Neuronal 1 (LRRTM1) in the emergence of retinothalamic convergence. Importantly, LRRTM1 mutant mice display impairment in visual behaviors, suggesting a functional role of retinothalamic convergence in vision.

In this article, the authors report on an assessment project they recently conducted at their open admissions community college to assess student work at the end of the basic writing sequence. The authors' focus for this project was on the way students used essay structure. They gathered artifacts from students who were deemed \"ready\" by their instructors to transition from the basic writing program to mainstream college-level curriculum. The reason they conduct outcomes assessment is to improve instruction and curriculum (often on the programmatic level), and they did, indeed, find a great deal that they wanted to improve--in terms of the basic writing curriculum and also in terms of student outcomes. This article concludes with the authors' list of recommendations for improving their institution's basic writing curriculum.

\"First, I put a plaque into cement on the side of the house in October of that year, and the next summer I started painting the house,\" explained Mr. Picariello. \"Something in my head said 'paint it red, white and blue,' and when I told my wife about it, she said go ahead, so I did.\" Daughter Sarah Picariello recalled growing up in the home. \"It was easy to tell my friends where I live,\" she said. \"It was known as the American flag house.\" With its glass front porch and all-American themes, the home reflects the warmth of the family neighborhood and often catches the eyes of passers-by. \"People stop and they take pictures. They want to know the story behind it,\" explained Mr. Picariello. \"I know it's different, but it's OK to be different.\"

Determined to teach them carving, Mr. Charpentier didn't give up when the soldiers had difficulty working with wood. \"He brought in Ivory soap to teach them with instead,\" said [Ernie Charpentier]. Determined to teach them carving, Mr. Charpentier didn't give up when the soldiers had difficulty working with wood. \"He brought in Ivory soap to teach them with instead,\" said Ernie. His own favorite memory of Mr. Charpentier was his keen mind, he said. \"[Louie] would read a wrapper, a technical book, it didn't matter what, he was always reading something and then he'd want to discuss what he had read,\" the mayor said.

[Kate Arpano] attends the Learning Place Pre-School in town and is receiving treatment at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital. \"She's doing well,\" said her mom, Abby Arpano, adding that the day had been amazing. \"We're very grateful.\" Volunteer Mrs. [Marcy Wenning] said she has been involved with the benefit since her son was a recipient in 2010. \"That was the year they added the road race,\" she said. Asked if the parade would become a fixture for future benefits, she said it just might. The benefit originally got its start in support of a local woman who was suffering from cancer. \"Her husband started it back then and she is doing fine now,\" explained Mrs. Wenning, adding, \"It's pretty amazing how the community comes together and does this each year.\" 1) Following a parade, Kate Arpano and Jack McInnis arrive at Cushing Academy's Iorio Arena to attend a charity hockey game benefitting their families. T&G Staff/Rick Cinclair; 2) Matthew Arpano and his daughter Kate throw candy to children while riding in a convertible during the parade in Ashburnham. T&G Staff/Rick Cinclair

Hats with tags reading \"Take me if you need me\" decorated parking meters in downtown Fitchburg recently. Within hours they were gone. The hats were provided by Warmer Winters, a local nonprofit group. It's been 10 years since Mrs. [Judy Gentry] started the organization of local knitters. She got the idea on a January day while waiting for a bus in Fitchburg. \"It was so cold that day, the wind was blowing, it was just awful,\" she said. \"And I saw a woman walking down the street holding hands with two children. The children didn't have any mittens on.\" \"We've gotten notes from people,\" explained Mrs. Gentry. \"One of the most touching was from an 8-year-old boy who wanted to thank us because it was the first new sweater he had ever owned,\" she said.