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"Statiev, Alexander"
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The Soviet counterinsurgency in the western borderlands
\"The Soviet counterinsurgency in the western borderlands investigates the Soviet response to nationalist insurgencies that occurred between 1944 and 1953 in the regions the Soviet Union annexed after the Nazi-Soviet pact: Eastern Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. Based on new archival data, Alexander Statiev presents the first comprehensive study of Soviet counterinsurgency that ties together the security tools and populist policies intended to attract the local populations. The book traces the origins of the Soviet pacification doctrine and then presents a comparative analysis of the rural societies in Eastern Poland and the Baltic States on the eve of the Soviet invasion. This analysis is followed by a description of the anti-communist resistance movements. Subsequently, the author shows how ideology affected the Soviet pacification doctrine and examines the major means to enforce the doctrine: agrarian reforms, deportations, amnesties, informant networks, covert operations, and local militias. The book also demonstrates how the Soviet atheist regime used the church in struggle against guerrillas and explains why this regime could not curb the random violence of its police. The final chapter discusses the Soviet experience in the global context\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Soviet Partisan Violence against Soviet Civilians: Targeting Their Own
Applying the 'victory at all costs' principle adopted during World War II, partisans-the long arm of the Soviet regime in the occupied territories-pressured civilians to resist the enemy. The thinking behind most of their coercive policies seemed rational within the framework of this concept; however, the passions produced by merciless fighting, communist dogma, Stalinist culture with its habitual witch-hunts, and the belief in collective guilt frequently escalated coercion far beyond rational limits. Partisans increased the polarisation of civilian society between supporters and enemies of the Soviet state, killing thousands of bystanders in the process.
Journal Article
Violent Resistance
The end of the Second World war did not mean the end of violence for many regions in Eastern Europe. The establishment of Communist-led governments often met not only civil but also armed resistance. These actions were taken by partisan groups and paramilitary forces which in some cases had been formed already during the war to support axis forces. In other cases – like Poland’s Armia Krajowa – they fought Nazi and Soviet occupiers with the same fervour. The aims of the fighters were the end of Communist rule and – like in the Baltic region – independence from the Soviet Union. Difficulties in accessing sources and research taboos as well as a focus on other aspects of the Cold War are reasons why violent resistance in Europe after the Second World War is a topic yet rather underestimated and comparably little investigated by historiography. This book gives a comprehensive first overview of the ultimately futile attempts to end the rule of Moscow and her proxies.
eBook
Romanian Naval Doctrine and Its Tests in the Second World War
This article highlights a fierce debate among Romanian sailors over naval doctrine during the interwar period and illuminates problems that did not allow them to realize any of the proposed strategies in the war against Russia. The Romanian general staff regarded the navy as its least important arm. However, being the only Axis naval force opposing the Soviety Black Sea Fleet in 1941, the Romanian navy faced a challenge greater than the army and air force that operated merely as minor allies of the Wehrmacht. The navy's missions were less ambitious than those set for the other arms over-rated by Romanian strategists. The navy performed its tasks unglamorously but it was an important component of Axis logistics, and it avoided the spectacular failures frequently experienced by the Romanian land forces.
Journal Article
Antonescu's Eagles against Stalin's Falcons: The Romanian Air Force, 1920-1941
This essay traces the evolution of the Romanian Air Force from its inception through the interwar period and illuminates some specific problems that faced a minor military power striving to maintain a modern aviation industry. Subsequently, the essay analyzes the operations of the Romanian Air Command in the first year of war against the U.S.S.R. The air force was a national favorite in Romania. Not surprisingly, it was far more efficient than either the army or the navy. However, in 1941 it was repeatedly assigned missions that exceeded its capacity and was thus brought to the brink of extinction.
Journal Article
Sketches from a Secret War: A Polish Artist’s Mission to Liberate Soviet Ukraine
Statiev reviews Sketches from a Secret War: A Polish Artist's Mission to Liberate Soviet Ukraine by Timothy Snyder.
Book Review