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The world's oceans contain a complex mixture of micro-organisms that are for the most part, uncharacterized both genetically and biochemically. We report here a metagenomic study of the marine planktonic microbiota in which surface (mostly marine) water samples were analyzed as part of the Sorcerer II Global Ocean Sampling expedition. These samples, collected across a several-thousand km transect from the North Atlantic through the Panama Canal and ending in the South Pacific yielded an extensive dataset consisting of 7.7 million sequencing reads (6.3 billion bp). Though a few major microbial clades dominate the planktonic marine niche, the dataset contains great diversity with 85% of the assembled sequence and 57% of the unassembled data being unique at a 98% sequence identity cutoff. Using the metadata associated with each sample and sequencing library, we developed new comparative genomic and assembly methods. One comparative genomic method, termed \"fragment recruitment,\" addressed questions of genome structure, evolution, and taxonomic or phylogenetic diversity, as well as the biochemical diversity of genes and gene families. A second method, termed \"extreme assembly,\" made possible the assembly and reconstruction of large segments of abundant but clearly nonclonal organisms. Within all abundant populations analyzed, we found extensive intra-ribotype diversity in several forms: (1) extensive sequence variation within orthologous regions throughout a given genome; despite coverage of individual ribotypes approaching 500-fold, most individual sequencing reads are unique; (2) numerous changes in gene content some with direct adaptive implications; and (3) hypervariable genomic islands that are too variable to assemble. The intra-ribotype diversity is organized into genetically isolated populations that have overlapping but independent distributions, implying distinct environmental preference. We present novel methods for measuring the genomic similarity between metagenomic samples and show how they may be grouped into several community types. Specific functional adaptations can be identified both within individual ribotypes and across the entire community, including proteorhodopsin spectral tuning and the presence or absence of the phosphate-binding gene PstS.

Purpose: The current study explored how childhood exposure to domestic violence and abuse (DVA) influences adult relationships and mental health nurses' (MHNs) experiences and professional responses to these issues. Method: A qualitative descriptive design was used, with semi-structured individual interviews conducted with 11 MHNs from diverse health care settings in the United Kingdom. Thematic analysis identified key themes highlighting participants' perceptions and clinical experiences. Results: Five key themes emerged: (1) Conceptualizing DVA; (2) Mental Health Consequences and Trauma Triggers; (3) The Role of MHNs; (4) Psychological Interventions and Interprofessional Collaboration; and (5) Adult Relationships and the Long-Term Impact of DVA. Findings highlight significant gaps in MHNs' training and preparation for trauma-informed care, as well as systemic obstacles, such as time constraints, lack of standardized guidelines, and limited access to specialist services. These factors collectively hinder MHNs' ability to effectively support individuals affected by childhood DVA. Conclusion: Improved DVA education, standardized trauma-informed practices, and enhanced interprofessional collaboration are essential for strengthening MHN support. Addressing these gaps will enhance care for affected individuals and help break the cycle of intergenerational violence.

This book contends that the project of Critical Human Resource Development (CHRD) is to effect change/transformation, and that, as such, critical scholars must expose the injustices and inequities associated with the neoliberal narrative which forms the dominant rationality of current mainstream HRD practice. In other words, those that would change must first recognise that there is a problem worthy of being transformed. It is here that much of the CHRD project has plateaued; there is much theorising on dominant ideology, hegemony, power structures, and other artefacts of a critical agenda, yet there are comparatively few empirical explorations of the CHRD project that would facilitate practical engagement. This book offers a means to help progress CHRD from its current concern with problem recognition to a champion of meaningful change. This book offers a series of chapters that provide examples of different approaches to engaging in interventions that allow CHRD professionals to challenge power structures, and, in turn, begin to effect change for organisations and employees alike. The chapters are clustered in three distinct approaches to thinking about, talking about and doing critical practice; thus, the sections of the book are titled \"Reflecting\", \"Voicing\", and \"Enacting\".

Background Lifestyle influences breast cancer risk. Women at increased familial risk may benefit from modifying behaviour, but it is not known to what extent they do so. Purpose This study aims to measure changes that UK (Scottish) women make in response to increased familial risk of breast cancer and attitudes to a risk-reduction trial. Methods A questionnaire, completed by 140 “breast cancer family” clinic patients, generated data on habitual diet, alcohol consumption and exercise, changes made after learning of breast cancer risk and attitudes to possible further changes. Subgroups of patients were defined by criteria likely to influence changes in behaviour. Between-group differences were analysed by Fisher's exact test and overall correlations by linear regression. Results Thirty-six subjects (26 %) reported no behavioural change but, overall, around 25 % of diet, exercise and alcohol items had been changed. Women perceiving their lifetime cancer risk to be high (>50 %) and those who were obese (BMI >25) had made significantly more changes than others. Younger women (<40 years) and those with daughters had made fewer changes. Almost all suggested elements of a risk-reduction trial were strongly supported. Conclusions Scottish women at increased risk of breast cancer have scope for protective changes in lifestyle and support a risk-reduction trial. The needs of younger women and of those with daughters should be addressed in its design.

Stewart advocates for the role of the school nurse in preventive health education and risk assessment of unidentified youth in the school setting. She believes that school nurses possess the education and expertise to teach on health issues, and they need to be used effectively in the school setting.

Donald Trump is expected to appeal the Colorado and Maineballot decisions. A major Earthquake hits Japan's West Coast killingat least 48 people. One part of the government's judicial overall isstruck down by the Supreme Court. GUESTS: Peter Zalmayev, Manisha Tank

The King and Queen Consort have arrived in Berlin for theirfirst state visit of the new reign after their RAF Voyager wasescorted into the country by German Typhoons. The couple were greetedat Berlin-Brandenburg airport with a 21-gun salute and a flypast. TheUkrainian President, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, has invited the ChinesePresident Xi Jinping to visit Ukraine. At this moment, Beijing has yetto respond, however, Xi appears unlikely to accept, although it isfeasible China could send a minister.

President Biden is now back in Poland after a whirlwind secrettrip to Ukraine. In Warsaw, Biden will reiterate that the UnitedStates intends to stand with Ukraine for as long as it takes. Hismessage is for Ukrainians, of course, but also for European allies andAmerican voters at home. Russian President Vladimir Putin delivers hisannual address to the nation in front of the federal assembly inMoscow. Putin railed against the West in his long-delayed state-of-the-nation address on Tuesday, a speech expected to set the tone forthe year ahead and shed light on how the Kremlin sees its bogged-downwar in Ukraine. In a state-of-the-nation address ahead of the firstanniversary of his invasion of Ukraine, the Russian president saidMoscow would freeze its participation in the New Start agreement withWashington. China is deeply worried that the Ukraine conflict couldspiral out of control, foreign minister Qin Gang said on Tuesday, andcalled on certain countries to stop \"fueling the fire\" in an apparentdig at the U.S. At least six people have died and hundreds leftinjured after major aftershocks struck southern Turkey Monday, as theregion reels from a devastating earthquake that killed tens ofthousands of people on February 6. A magnitude 6.3 aftershock struckTurkey's southern Hatay province, near the Syrian border, Monday. Theepicenter originated in the Defne district, according to the TurkishEmergency Coordination Center. President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. mettoday with President Andrzej Duda of Poland in Warsaw. On the eve ofthe one-year anniversary of Russia's brutal invasion of Ukraine, theleaders reflected on their shared efforts to support Ukraine, imposeconsequences on Russia, and strengthen NATO. In addition, the leadersdiscussed their countries' growing cooperation in the energy sector,including civil nuclear energy, our strong bilateral defenserelationship, and the importance of the democratic values thatunderpin the transatlantic alliance.

The world's oceans contain a complex mixture of micro-organisms that are for the most part, uncharacterized both genetically and biochemically. We report here a metagenomic study of the marine planktonic microbiota in which surface (mostly marine) water samples were analyzed as part of the Sorcerer II Global Ocean Sampling expedition. These samples, collected across a several-thousand km transect from the North Atlantic through the Panama Canal and ending in the South Pacific yielded an extensive dataset consisting of 7.7 million sequencing reads (6.3 billion bp). Though a few major microbial clades dominate the planktonic marine niche, the dataset contains great diversity with 85% of the assembled sequence and 57% of the unassembled data being unique at a 98% sequence identity cutoff. Using the metadata associated with each sample and sequencing library, we developed new comparative genomic and assembly methods. One comparative genomic method, termed \"fragment recruitment,\" addressed questions of genome structure, evolution, and taxonomic or phylogenetic diversity, as well as the biochemical diversity of genes and gene families. A second method, termed \"extreme assembly,\" made possible the assembly and reconstruction of large segments of abundant but clearly nonclonal organisms. Within all abundant populations analyzed, we found extensive intra-ribotype diversity in several forms: (1) extensive sequence variation within orthologous regions throughout a given genome; despite coverage of individual ribotypes approaching 500-fold, most individual sequencing reads are unique; (2) numerous changes in gene content some with direct adaptive implications; and (3) hypervariable genomic islands that are too variable to assemble. The intra-ribotype diversity is organized into genetically isolated populations that have overlapping but independent distributions, implying distinct environmental preference. We present novel methods for measuring the genomic similarity between metagenomic samples and show how they may be grouped into several community types. Specific functional adaptations can be identified both within individual ribotypes and across the entire community, including proteorhodopsin spectral tuning and the presence or absence of the phosphate-binding gene PstS.