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The objective of the paper is to show how locally available biomass can support a small-scale district heating system of public buildings, especially when taking into account energy audit in-situ measurements and energy efficiency improvement measures. The step-by-step methodology is presented, including the research for local biomass availability, the thermal needs study and the study for the biomass district heating system, with and without energy efficiency improvement measures.

The objective of the present study is threefold: To highlight how electro-mobility can: (a) Contribute to the promotion of the environmental conservation of the rural areas (through an integrated solution for reducing the carbon footprint of road facilities and transport), (b) Enhance tourism-based economical development, (c) facilitate students in their daily transport and residents (elderly, disabled, distant-residents) in their daily on-demand transport. The overall goal is to design an energy-efficient, regional intelligent transportation system with innovative solar-energy charging-stations for e-vehicles in municipalities with many geographically scattered small villages and small cities. The innovative character of the study is that it tries to tackle all three specific objectives simultaneously and with the same means, since it utilizes Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The study is adapted and applied to an area with the above characteristics, in order to demonstrate the proof of concept.

Increase in the penetration of Distributed Generation (DG) in distribution networks, raises the risk of voltage limit violations while contributing to line losses. Especially in low voltage (LV) distribution networks (secondary distribution networks), impacts of active power flows on the bus voltages and on the network losses are more dominant. As network operators must meet regulatory limitations, they have to take into account the most critical operating conditions in their systems. In this study, it is aimed to present the impact of the worst operation cases of LV distribution networks comprising microgrids. Simulation studies are performed on a field data-based virtual test-bed. The simulations are repeated for several cases consisting different microgrid points of connection with different network loading and microgrid supply/demand conditions.

So far, the main fact is that RES plants have to operate at the maximum possible output whenever technically possible. However, in energy markets which consist of many different (flexible) power generation sources, this fact has led to the violation of the maximum overvoltage limit at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) and maximum short-circuit power at many HV/MV substations, hindering the penetration of other Renewable Energy Sources DGs. Taking also into account that in microgrids with R/X ratio higher than 2, the voltage level depends on the active power balance, a new microgrid control approach is also necessary. In this paper, the pseudo-State of Charge concept is introduced to improve energy storage management. Additionally, a non-invasive to the inverter, PV-plant control technique, based on remote control of PV-strings actuators, is presented. Both of these approaches are associated to a new iterative control algorithm of a microgrid and applied on a microgrid-based smart grid topology, improving power supply and demand-side management of traditional P-f and Q-V approaches.

A first step towards sustainable development and environmental protection is the carbon footprint estimation of buildings and the evaluation of their potential to decrease energy consumption. In this project, the first step for decreasing energy consumption in public buildings is described: the energy audits with in-situ measurements of 50 public buildings. The required equipment, the procedure, the difficulties during the audits and the main results of such a large number of public buildings are presented for the first time. Three of these buildings with strong social interest are upgraded in terms of energy consumption class, leading up to 90% savings of consumed energy.