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مطامير تطوان تنظيفها واستكشافها
يتناول هذا الكتاب وصف لمدينة تطوان بالمغرب وتاريخها، حيث يوضح معالم تطوان الأثرية والبارزة لما تمثله من دلالة ذات معنى يتجذر في أعماق تاريخها، وتكمن أهمية مطامير تطوان أن أهمية هذه المطامير قد أثارت عند المهتمين بقطاع الآثار في عهد الحماية الإسبانية بشمال المغرب منذ بداية ذلك العهد، اهتماما بالغا، دفع بالمسؤولين إلى استطلاع أمرها، والبحث في أغوارها، وإجراء الدراسات المتعلقة بإمكانية استغلالها.
Book
MiR-520h-mediated FOXC2 regulation is critical for inhibition of lung cancer progression by resveratrol
Resveratrol, a phytochemical found in various plants and Chinese herbs, is associated with multiple tumor-suppressing activities, has been tested in clinical trials. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in resveratrol-mediated tumor suppressing activities are not yet completely defined. Here, we showed that treatment with resveratrol inhibited cell mobility through induction of the mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) in lung cancer cells. We also found that downregulation of FOXC2 (forkhead box C2) is critical for resveratrol-mediated suppression of tumor metastasis in an
in vitro
and
in vivo
models. We also identified a signal cascade, namely, resveratrol—∣miRNA-520h—∣PP2A/C—∣Akt → NF-κB → FOXC2, in which resveratrol inhibited the expression of FOXC2 through regulation of miRNA-520h-mediated signal cascade. This study identified a new miRNA-520h-related signal cascade involved in resveratrol-mediated tumor suppression activity and provide the clinical significances of miR-520h, PP2A/C and FOXC2 in lung cancer patients. Our results indicated a functional link between resveratrol-mediated miRNA-520h regulation and tumor suppressing ability, and provide a new insight into the role of resveratrol-induced molecular and epigenetic regulations in tumor suppression.
Journal Article
الصحراء وبذرتها : رواية
رواية كلاسيكية أرجنتينية حديثة غير مكتشفة، تستند إلى قصة حياة راؤول بارون بيزا (سياسي ثري وكاتب سيئ السمعة) وزوجته روزا كلوتيلد ساباتيني، المأساوية. تبدأ الرواية بمشهد في سيارة أجرة منطلقة إلى المستشفى : وجه إليخيا يتفسخ ويتفكك بفعل الأسيد الذي ألقاه عليها زوجها أثناء توقيعهما أوراق الطلاب. يحاول ماريو، ابنها، أن يمسح الأسيد عن وجه أمه، إليخيا، لكن أصابعه تحترق. بعد ذلك تجري محاولة غير مثمرة لإعادة ترميم وجه إليخيا-في البداية في بوينس آيرس، ثم في ميلانو. يصبح ماريو، الراوي، الظل والشاهد على محاولات إعادة ترميم وإصلاح بشرة أمه، بقيامه هذا الدور، يواجه ماريو وجوده وهويته المرتبطين بأرجنتين يراها تتفكك من حوله.
Book
Constraints on the superconducting order parameter in Sr2RuO4 from oxygen-17 nuclear magnetic resonance
Phases of matter are usually identified through spontaneous symmetry breaking, especially regarding unconventional superconductivity and the interactions from which it originates. In that context, the superconducting state of the quasi-two-dimensional and strongly correlated perovskite Sr
2
RuO
4
is considered to be the only solid-state analogue to the superfluid
3
He-A phase
1
,
2
, with an odd-parity order parameter that is unidirectional in spin space for all electron momenta and breaks time-reversal symmetry. This characterization was recently called into question by a search for an expected ‘split’ transition in a Sr
2
RuO
4
crystal under in-plane uniaxial pressure, which failed to find any such evidence; instead, a dramatic rise and a peak in a single-transition temperature were observed
3
,
4
. Here we use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of oxygen-17, which is directly sensitive to the order parameter via hyperfine coupling to the electronic spin degrees of freedom, to probe the nature of superconductivity in Sr
2
RuO
4
and its evolution under strain. A reduction of the Knight shift is observed for all strain values and at temperatures below the critical temperature, consistent with a drop in spin polarization in the superconducting state. In unstrained samples, our results contradict a body of previous NMR work reporting no change in the Knight shift
5
and the most prevalent theoretical interpretation of the order parameter as a chiral
p
-wave state. Sr
2
RuO
4
is an extremely clean layered perovskite and its superconductivity emerges from a strongly correlated Fermi liquid, and our work imposes tight constraints on the order parameter symmetry of this archetypal system.
17
O nuclear magnetic resonance measurements on Sr
2
RuO
4
reveal a drop of the Knight shift in the superconducting state, contradicting previous work and imposing tight constraints on the order parameter symmetry of the system.
Journal Article
miR-520h is crucial for DAPK2 regulation and breast cancer progression
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that suppress gene expression by their interaction with 3’untranslated region of specific target mRNAs. Although the dysregulation of miRNAs has been identified in human cancer, only a few of these miRNAs have been functionally documented in breast cancer. Thus, defining the important miRNA and functional target involved in chemoresistance is an urgent need for human breast cancer treatment. In this study, we, for the first time, identified a key role of miRNA 520h (miR-520h) in drug resistance. Through protecting cells from paclitaxel-induced apoptosis, expression of miR-520h promoted the drug resistance of human breast cancer cells. Bioinformatics prediction, compensatory mutation and functional validation further confirmed the essential role of miR-520h-suppressed Death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) expression, as restoring DAPK2 abolished miR-520h-promoted drug resistance, and knockdown of DAPK2 mitigated cell death caused by the depletion of miR-520h. Furthermore, we observed that higher level of miR-520h is associated with poor prognosis and lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer patients. These results show that miR-520h is not only an independent prognostic factor, but is also a potential functional target for future applications in cancer therapeutics.
Journal Article
Zonal drift of plasma particles inside equatorial plasma bubbles and its relation to the zonal drift of the bubble structure
It has been observed that the zonal drift velocity of equatorial plasma bubbles is generally eastward. However, it has not been well understood whether the zonal drift of plasma bubbles is the same as the ambient plasma drift and what process causes differences in the drift velocities of the ambient plasma and bubbles. In this study we analyze the ion drift velocities measured by the Defense Meteorological Satellites Program and ROCSAT‐1 satellites and the electric fields measured by the Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite in the presence of equatorial spread F. We find that the zonal drift velocity of the plasma particles inside plasma bubbles is significantly different from the ambient plasma drift. The relative zonal velocity of the ions inside the depletion region with respect to the ambient plasma is generally westward. In most cases it can be as high as several hundreds of meters per second. The plasma bubbles detected by the C/NOFS satellite in the midnight‐dawn sector are still growing, and the polarization electric field inside the postmidnight bubbles is much stronger than the electric field in the ambient plasma. We suggest that the zonal drift velocity of the plasma particles inside the depletion region is driven by polarization electric field. When a plasma bubble is tilted, the E × B drift velocity caused by the polarization electric field has an upward component and a zonal component. Because of the zonal motion of the plasma particles inside the bubble, the eastward drift velocity of the bubble structure is faster than the ambient plasma drift for a west‐tilted bubble and slower than the ambient plasma drift for an east‐tilted bubble.
Journal Article
Cation-controlled wetting properties of vermiculite membranes and its promise for fouling resistant oil–water separation
Manipulating the surface energy, and thereby the wetting properties of solids, has promise for various physical, chemical, biological and industrial processes. Typically, this is achieved by either chemical modification or by controlling the hierarchical structures of surfaces. Here we report a phenomenon whereby the wetting properties of vermiculite laminates are controlled by the hydrated cations on the surface and in the interlamellar space. We find that vermiculite laminates can be tuned from superhydrophilic to hydrophobic simply by exchanging the cations; hydrophilicity decreases with increasing cation hydration free energy, except for lithium. The lithium-exchanged vermiculite laminate is found to provide a superhydrophilic surface due to its anomalous hydrated structure at the vermiculite surface. Building on these findings, we demonstrate the potential application of superhydrophilic lithium exchanged vermiculite as a thin coating layer on microfiltration membranes to resist fouling, and thus, we address a major challenge for oil–water separation technology.
Manipulation of surface energy and wetting properties of solids may impact a variety of processes, including membrane fouling. Here the authors tune properties of vermiculite laminates from superhydrophilic to hydrophobic by cation exchange, and demonstrate potential for fouling resistant oil–water separation.
Journal Article
Chiral terahertz wave emission from the Weyl semimetal TaAs
Weyl semimetals host chiral fermions with distinct chiralities and spin textures. Optical excitations involving those chiral fermions can induce exotic carrier responses, and in turn lead to novel optical phenomena. Here, we discover strong coherent terahertz emission from Weyl semimetal TaAs, which is demonstrated as a unique broadband source of the chiral terahertz wave. The polarization control of the THz emission is achieved by tuning photoexcitation of ultrafast photocurrents via the photogalvanic effect. In the near-infrared regime, the photon-energy dependent nonthermal current due to the predominant circular photogalvanic effect can be attributed to the radical change of the band velocities when the chiral Weyl fermions are excited during selective optical transitions between the tilted anisotropic Weyl cones and the massive bulk bands. Our findings provide a design concept for creating chiral photon sources using quantum materials and open up new opportunities for developing ultrafast opto-electronics using Weyl physics.
Here, the authors report photon-energy-dependent terahertz emission and ultrafast photocurrents from the Weyl semimetal, TaAs. The polarization control of the emission is achieved by excitation of the photocurrents whose direction and magnitude depend on the polarization of the femtosecond optical pulses.
Journal Article
p75NTR ectodomain is a physiological neuroprotective molecule against amyloid-beta toxicity in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease
In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), neurodegenerative signals such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) and the precursors of neurotrophins, outbalance neurotrophic signals, causing synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. The neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75NTR) is a receptor of Aβ and mediates Aβ-induced neurodegenerative signals. The shedding of its ectodomain from the cell surface is physiologically regulated; however, the function of the diffusible p75NTR ectodomain (p75ECD) after shedding remains largely not known. Here, we show that p75ECD levels in cerebrospinal fluid and in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients and amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP)/PS1 transgenic mice were significantly reduced, due to inhibition of the sheddase-tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme by Aβ. Restoration of p75ECD to the normal level by brain delivery of the gene encoding human p75ECD before or after Aβ deposition in the brain of APP/PS1 mice reversed the behavioral deficits and AD-type pathologies, such as Aβ deposit, apoptotic events, neuroinflammation, Tau phosphorylation and loss of dendritic spine, neuronal structures and synaptic proteins. Furthermore, p75ECD can also reduce amyloidogenesis by suppressing β-secretase expression and activities. Our data demonstrate that p75ECD is a physiologically neuroprotective molecule against Aβ toxicity and would be a novel therapeutic target and biomarker for AD.
Journal Article