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The study aims to explore the correlation among certification, Quality Management Maturity Level (QMML), and Index of Sustainability Performance (ISP) of fish processing firms (FPFs). The QMMLs and the ISPs are compared among four different sizes of FPFs. Data were obtained from 102 certified FPFs in Indonesia. Descriptive statistical methods were used to examine the data to determine the QMML and the ISP and compare them across various firm sizes. The Spearman Rho test indicates a positive correlation between the certification, the QMML, and the ISP. The mean comparison using the Kruskal-Wallis test reveals no difference in the QMML and ISP of FPFs at a significant level of 5% among different-sized organizations. This finding challenges the notion that organizational management and human resource issues make micro and small enterprises (MSEs) fragile and not capable of competing with large-scale firms. MSEs have also been successful in raising the organizational quality management maturity since certification has pushed quality management implementation for enterprises of all sizes. Therefore, it expands understanding about the impact of certification on enhancing the micro-small business. The results can dispel doubts that MSEs cannot compete with large companies. This study can encourage MSEs to achieve sustainable performance.

 AbstractMicrofinance institutions (MFIs) is a worldwide movement. This study aims to describe the key conditions in the rapid development of community-owned MFIs, namely LPD (Lembaga Perkreditan Desa/Village Credit Institution), through case study in LPD Kedonganan Village, Badung Regency of Bali. This village was selected for few reasons i.e. the shifting of people livelihood from fishery-based to tourism-related livelihood, the well-manage of coastal commons for fishery, tourism spot, and religious-related activities. Data collection was conducted through several visits during 2007 to 2018. This research adopted qualitative approach through observation and depth-interview with local leaders, MFI managers and users to discover their perspective about the MFI. Secondary data was also collected from various reports of LPD Kedonganan. The study showed that LPD was established, owned, and managed by the community through a custom village. LPD distributed credits to various components of the society and business including tourism and fisheries-related business, in and out of village territory, and to male and female customers, with various types, scales, and sectors. The healthy financial performance of the institution was clearly depicted by its rapidly growing profit and equity, and its low percentage of a non-performing loan for more than three decades. The better growing LPD has attracted various socio-economic investments in the grass root, for example a collective-owned and managed seafood restaurant. Overall, the study identified that the community had made such successful and sustainable collective-owned resource arrangement. The arrangement had been evolved and built by sharing rules linked to community values, customs and faith. As a result, the emerging institutions had contributed remarkable roles to rural socio-cultural and economic development and showed the opportunity to enhance some cooperative behaviors for sustainable governance of resources and rural livelihood. AbstrakLembaga keuangan mikro (LKM) telah menjadi gerakan yang mendunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan faktor-faktor keberhasilan pengelolaan LKM berbasis masyarakat, yaitu LPD (Lembaga Perkreditan Desa), melalui studi kasus di LPD Desa Kedonganan, Kabupaten Badung Bali. Desa ini dipilih karena beberapa alasan antara lain terjadi pergeseran cepat sumber penghidupan masyarakat dari berbasis perikanan (sektor primer) ke pariwisata (sektor tersier), desa mampu mengelola sumberdaya milik bersama di pesisir secara baik untuk kegiatan perikanan, tempat wisata, dan kegiatan terkait keagamaan/budaya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui beberapa kunjungan selama tahun 2007 hingga 2018. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan kualitatif melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan para pemimpin lokal, manajemen LPD, dan pengguna untuk memahami perspektif mereka tentang LKM. Data sekunder juga dikumpulkan dari berbagai laporan LPD Kedonganan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa LPD didirikan, dimiliki, dan dikelola oleh masyarakat melalui desa adat. LPD mendistribusikan kredit ke berbagai komponen masyarakat dan bisnis termasuk pariwisata dan bisnis terkait perikanan, melingkupi pengguna dalam dan luar wilayah desa, dan kelompok laki-laki dan wanita, dengan berbagai jenis, skala, dan sektor ekonomi. Kinerja keuangan lembaga yang sehat secara jelas ditunjukkan dengan laba dan ekuitasnya yang berkembang pesat, dan rendahnya pinjaman bermasalah selama lebih dari tiga dekade. LPD yang tumbuh lebih baik telah menarik berbagai investasi sosial-ekonomi di masyarakat, misalnya restoran makanan laut yang dimiliki dan dikelola secara kolektif. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian mengidentifikasi bahwa masyarakat mampu mengelola sumber daya yang dimiliki secara kolektif secara menguntungkan dan berkelanjutan. Model pengelolaan tersebut telah dikembangkan dan dibangun dengan berbagi aturan yang terkait dengan nilai-nilai masyarakat, adat istiadat, dan kepercayaan. Model kelembagaan ini telah berperan peran penting bagi pembangunan sosial-budaya dan ekonomi pedesaan dan menunjukkan peluang untuk meningkatkan perilaku kerja sama untuk tata kelola sumber daya dan mata pencaharian pedesaan yang berkelanjutan.

The success of corruption law enforcement in Indonesia depends on the work or not of all components of the criminal justice system (SPP) itself, ranging from investigation, prosecution, examination in court and in the implementation of criminal. Deceys apply for \"Rule of Law\".2 In summary, it is an ideal country in the 20th century, if all state activities are based on law. [...]Mochtar Kusumaatmadja mentions the fundamental understanding of a legal state is, \"... country by law, where power is subject to the law and all persons are equal before the law.3 Eradicating corruption is not an easy job, because eradicating corruption is like preventing and eradicating the virus of a disease in this case the disease of society. Discussion A. Law Enforcement Pattern against Corruption in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System (SPPI) To analyze law enforcement against TPK according to SPPI can currently be seen from various factors, among others: 1.Regulation/Regulation of Corruption in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System The State of Indonesia is a State that upholds the law as mandated by the constitution, which in the Torso of the 1945 Constitution contained the basic principles of state administration and government that meets the requirements as a state law, among others:4 (a) The State Government is based on the law as mentioned in Article 1 paragraph (3) Chapter I of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia which was ratified on November 10, 2001, that \"The State of Indonesia is a State of Law\" (b) The state of law embraced in the 11945 Constitution is a similarity of degrees in front of the law. In Article 24 B of the 1945 Constitution the third amendment is mentioned \"The Judicial Commission has an independent authority to propose the appointment of a Supreme Court Justice and has other authority in order to maintain and uphold the honor, dignity and conduct of judges\". (d) The protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens.

Traffic police riders are exposed to prolonged static postures causing significant angular deviation of the musculoskeletal, including the lumbar angle (L1-L5). This postural alteration contributes to awkward posture, musculoskeletal disorders and spinal injury, especially in the lower back area, as it is one of the most severe modern diseases nowadays. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the effect of lumbar support with a built-in massager system on spinal angle profiles among traffic police riders. A randomised controlled trial (pre-testpost-test control design) was used to assess spinal angle pattern while riding the high-powered motorcycle for 20 minutes. Twenty-four traffic police riders were randomly selected to participate and 12 riders were assigned to the control group and 12 riders to the experimental group. The pre-test and post-test were conducted at a one-week interval. Each participant was required to wear a TruPosture Smart Shirt (to monitor spinal posture). The TruPosture Apps recorded the spinal angle pattern. The data indicated that the police riders using motorcycle seat with lumbar support and built-in massager system showed a huge improvement in maintaining posture which only involves slight spinal angle deviation changes from the spinal reference angle throughout the 20 minutes ride. The data collected then were analysed using the Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon signed-ranked test to verify a statistically significant difference between and within the control and experimental groups. There were significant differences in all sensors between the control group and experimental groups (p<0.05) and within the experimental group. According to the findings, it can be said that the ergonomic intervention prototype (lumbar support with built-in massager system) successfully helps to maintain and improve the natural curve of the spinal posture. This indirectly would reduce the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders and spinal injury among traffic police riders.

There are many possibilities for noise exposure in industrial workplaces, including sectors that extensively use heavy machinery in processing each product. Various studies indicate a causal relationship between noise exposure and auditory/nonauditory effects among workers. Noise exposure poses risks to health and workers' hearing acuity and safety. This review paper aims to identify and summarize occupational noise exposure by examining the auditory and nonauditory effects among mill workers. The mills included in the study are palm oil, lumber, textiles, rice, sugarcane, flour, paper, and sawmills. A two-step methodology was used to achieve the aims of this narrative review. The literature search was conducted by gathering PubMed and Google Scholar papers, focusing on occupational noise in different occupational mill environments. Grey's literature was conducted by screening the worldwide national standard for the laws, guidelines, and other related information based on this topic. A total of 22 articles published have been included. The content of each publication was subsequently summarized. Most of the machine areas within the mills emitted high level of noise. The auditory effects of occupational noise exposure among mill workers were noise-induced hearing loss and hearing impairment. Hypertension, stress, communication disturbance, cardiovascular disease, and headache were the nonauditory effects experienced by workers. The recommendations provided in this review for mitigating noise exposure are derived from the hierarchy of control. Overall, most mill workers are exposed to a high noise level exceeding the standard noise exposure limit. Preventive actions should be taken to address and reduce work-related injuries among mill workers worldwide.

Protected forest areas offer unique ecotourism opportunities that have the potential to generate economic benefits and alleviate poverty in local communities. However, ecotourism development can also lead to environmental degradation and social issues. This study explores how local knowledge of nature conservation can be utilized to implement a green economy through ecotourism development while maintaining community welfare and environmental protection. The study utilized a descriptive qualitative method involving direct observations, in-depth interviews, relevant documents and literature analysis. The data collected were analyzed interactively through three stages: data condensation, data display and conclusion, and verification by triangulation. The findings demonstrate that the people living in Bur Telege possess knowledge of forest management, including ethical entry to the forest and its utilization. This knowledge system was actualized through the formation of a Village Owned Enterprise, which was further strengthened by traditional values and norms that were institutionalized into the village regulation known as the Qanun on Environmental Conservation. The study also found that traditional ceremonies and local community involvement are essential for sustainable tourism development. Thus, this study highlights the importance of recognizing and utilizing local knowledge and traditional values in ecotourism development for sustainable destination development. The study's contributions can serve as valuable lessons and inspiration for governments and communities alike in developing green economy ecotourism sustainably.

Standards for processing fishery products are intended to provide quality assurance and safety for fishery products. The implementation of standards involves various parties, including the governments, business actors, and consumers. Regulation on the application of standards need to be issued so that it can provide optimal benefits in accordance with the objectives of the standard. This study aimed to review the regulations regarding the application of standards governing the implementation of a quality assurance system and food safety in fishery products. This study is a policy review on legal and documents related to processed fish products. The application of standards is to provide an understanding of the methods, to practices how to produce fishery products in accordance with the requirements and food safety concerns, as well as to meet the regulatory requirements. The standards for fishery processing products include regulations in several ministries which include SKP, PMMT/HACCP, Distribution License, Halal, and SNI. The standards are enforced by some institutions that have the potential for over-regulation and duplication. The regulations need to be simplified and integrated to hinder fishery business yet improving the business ecosystem. The Government stipulated the CK Law and its derivative regulations to simplify the regulations without ignoring the food safety requirements and ensuring a conducive business environment. After being fully implemented, the effectiveness of the CK Law needs to be reviewed for improving the implementation of regulations, particularly for fish and fishery products in the future.

Coral reef restoration projects have been conducted worldwide to increase the viability of damaged coral reef ecosystems. Most failed to show significant results. A few have succeeded and gained international recognition for their great benefits to ecosystem services. This study evaluated reef restoration projects in North-west Bali from the perspective of the local community over the past 16 years. As community participation is a critical support system for coral reef restoration projects, the contributing factors which led to high community participation and positive perceptions are examined. Social surveys and statistical analysis were used to understand the correlations between community perception and participation. The findings showed a positive correlation between community perception and participation. The level of community participation also depended on how their work relates to coral reef ecosystems. They supported this project in many ways, from project planning to the religious ceremonies which they believe are fundamental to achieve a successful project. Several Balinese leaders became 'the bridge' between global science and local awareness. Without their leadership, this study argues that the project might not have achieved the significant local support that has restored both the environment and the tourism sector in North-West Bali.

Responsible management of fishery resources has been a tradition of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) of South Sumatera for generations. It was recorded that since 1630 the Dutch Government had made auction policy for managing water territory in OKI Regency as an effort to preserve nature and to avoid the conflict of inland water ownership. Currently, the community-based management model has been adopted by local governments into formal regulations, known as Regional Regulation on Auction of Flood Water Swamp and Rivers (Lelang Lebak Lebung dan Sungai or L3S). This paper describes the success factors and the threats for the failure of the L3S management model in OKI Regency, based on a case study in Pangkalan Lampam District. The study showed that the management mechanism through the L3S system had been well instituted and become a well-established management practice. The management model is in line with the principle of co-management and the approach has become critical success factor in L3S management. However, ecological, economic and social aspects influence the sustainability of such fishery management model. Besides, L3S management model faces limited data and information related to fish stocks, which result in difficulties in determining the total allowable catch.

Objectives Designs for low-cost air monitors and associated performance data appear in many peer-reviewed articles; however, few manuscripts provide feedback from end user's experiences or comprehensive evaluation. The present study addresses the usability of the wireless outdoor individual exposure indicator system from the viewpoint of the Malaysian Traffic Police (end users). This study is one of the first to chronicle end user experiences for low-cost pollution sensing. Method The evaluation involved 12 target end users to assess the usability of a prototype for Malaysian Traffic Police to manage their exposure to outdoor air pollution. The test evaluation includes a pre-test, post-task and post-test questionnaire (Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire). The main components in this Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire are Overall satisfaction, System Usefulness, Information Quality and Interface Quality. Findings The results of the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire indicated the mean score of the Overall satisfaction item (2.33), System Usefulness (2.25), Information Quality (2.36) and Interface Quality (2.17) on a scale of 1–10. Prototype users were satisfied with the system because the score is close to 1 on the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire. Conclusions A user-friendly wireless outdoor individual exposure indicator system is now available for Malaysian Traffic Police. Users have stated that they are happy to use the system at work. However, in addition to more technological advances, practical implementation requires evidence supporting its efficacy, viability and effectiveness.