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The distribution of Birgus latro , commonly known as the coconut crab, is influenced by its planktonic larvae, which migrate along ocean currents. The larvae’s planktonic phase, facilitates genetic exchange among B. latro subpopulations, particularly between geographically proximate islands. This study investigates the genetic mixing across B. latro distribution ranges in the Pacific and Indonesia. DNA was extracted from hemolymph voucher specimens collected between 2017 and 2018. A total of 32 samples from four subpopulations - Derawan Island (n = 9), Morotai Island (n = 2), Ternate (n = 11), Yoi Gebe Island (n = 10) - were analyzed. The mitochondrial CO1 gene was amplified via PCR and sequenced. These sequences were then aligned with publicly homologous data from various Pacific locations. The reconstruction of phylogeographic tree based on the NJ grouping did not find any grouping supported by bootstrap values >50%. Genetic diversity within subpopulations (0.0113) is much greater than between subpopulations (0.0017). From a total of 102 sequence data grouped into 49 haplotypes. There is no specific haplotype that correlates with a specific location. This strengthens the suggestion that the longer age of pelagic larvae will cause genetic mixing between subpopulations.

The estuary in Banten Bay has a lot of pressures from the surrounding area due to industries and settlements. This condition could trigger pollution and sedimentation to the estuary and coastal waters. This study aims to reveal ecological status based on phytoplankton community structure in Kemayungan-Linduk waters of Banten Bay. Samples were collected at 6 stations from February to April 2021. The data included environmental factors, phytoplankton composition and abundance, species richness index, diversity index, and evenness index. Water quality parameters showed a high variability during the observation. Higher turbidity was recorded in Kemanyngan estuary. Phytoplankton consisted of Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dictyochophyceae, Dinophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Zygnematophyceae, with Bacillariophyceae as a dominant group contributing 54.1% out of 100% of total abundance. Higher percentage of Bacillariophyceae in coastal waters was related to salinity, potential of hydrogen (pH), and transparency. Higher percentage of Chlorophyceae and Euglenophyceae in Kemanyungan estuary was related to total suspended solid (TSS), turbidity, and nitrate (N-NO3). Higher percentage of Cyanophyceae and Dinophyceae in Linduk estuary was related to total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved oxygen (DO) respectively. Phytoplankton abundance (1330 to 13831 Individual L-1), number of species (14 to 27), diversity index (0.82 to 3.12), species richness index (1.52 to 4.39), and evenness index (0.30 to 0.91), showed a large heterogeneity across the sampling sites and sampling time. The lowest index diversity, species richness index and evenness were recorded in coastal water around Kemanyungan estuary. Based on the phytoplankton diversity index, it is shown that ecological status in the study area was moderate stress

The leaftail croaker ( Johnius trachycephalus ) is a demersal fish favored by the community and is commonly processed into salted fish. This fish no research has been conducted on the reproductive biology of the leaftail croaker in the Muara Angke Waters, this research is very important to carry out considering the lack of biological information. This study aims to analyze the reproductive biology of the fish in Muara Angke coastal waters as a basis for sustainable management, including sex ratio, spawning season, reproductive potential, and spawning pattern. This research was conducted in the Muara Angke coastal waters for 6 months (August 2024 – January 2025). The data collection was carried out using primary data, starting from fish sampling, dissection, and ending with gonad extraction. The results show that the sex ratio of the fish was 0.6:1, and it was dominated by females. The spawning season is estimated to occur in August and December. The size at first gonadal maturity of the fish was 260 mm (male) and 159 mm (female). The reproductive potential of the fish ranged from 15,486 to 82,830 with a partial spawner spawning pattern. According to oocyte diameter, the fish is categorized as a partial spawner. The implication of this study was the reduction of fishing intensity that was suspected to occur during the spawning season, as well as the reduction of the capture of small sized fish.

Heavy metals represent a significant class of pollutants in marine ecosystems due to their persistence and tendency to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms and food chains. The green mussel ( Perna viridis ), a filter-feeding bivalve species abundant in Ancol Waters, is particularly vulnerable to heavy metal accumulation. This study investigates the levels of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) in green mussels collected from Ancol Waters between February and June 2024. Sampling included water, sediment, and mussel tissue, and heavy metal concentrations were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Results showed that Cu concentrations in water remained within acceptable environmental quality standards. However, Cu concentrations in mussel tissues exceeded permissible consumption limits in all months, while Pb levels surpassed the safety threshold only in February. Bioaccumulation assessment indicated that Pb in green mussels falls under the low accumulation category (BCF <100), whereas Cu ranged from moderate (100–1000) to high (>1000). Estimated safe consumption limits for mussel meat were 6.81 kg/week for children (15 kg body weight) and 22.74 kg/week for adults (50 kg body weight). These findings highlight potential health risks from long-term consumption and underscore the importance of regular monitoring of heavy metals in seafood from urban coastal areas.

Parrotfish ( Scarus rivulatus ) is a member of the Scaridae that lives in coral reef ecosystems and is categorized as a herbivore that eats algae attached to coral. Fishermen catch this fish from Panggang Island in the Thousand Islands Cluster. This study aims to observe the water condition of the fishing grounds for parrotfish, conducted from July to November 2022, at five locations (Karang Bongkok, Karang Congkak, Semak Daun, Karang Beras, and Air Islands), which are the primary fishing grounds in the Seribu Islands. Water quality parameters (depth, temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO)) were measured. The results of the water condition observations were adjusted to meet the water quality standards for marine biota (Ministry of Environment Regulation No. 51, 2004), and the data were analyzed using the Pollution Index. Based on the results of the observations, it is known that the conditions of the parrotfish fishing ground had characteristics of water depth of 0.8-3.78 m, temperature 28310C, salinity 30-33 PSU, pH 7-8, and DO 6.3-7.9 ppm. These conditions indicate that the water conditions of the parrotfish fishing grounds are suitable for the life of the fish. According to the Pollution Index value (PI=0.73-0.79), the water is categorized as in good condition.

Banten Bay are located in northern part of Cilegon City, Banten Province. The water quality of Banten Bay is influenced by both environmental and anthropogenic factors, which if not properly managed can lead to pollution. This study aimed to assess the pollution status of Banten Bay waters using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) Water Quality Index, both temporally and spatially. The observed parameters were temperature, turbidity, TSS, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, and total phosphate. The results indicate that most parameters are within the seawater quality standards for marine life, with the CCME index classifying the pollution status as fairly good. However, nutrient enrichment from land-based activities and sediment input from river discharge have been identified as key factors influencing water quality. Potential pollution sources include domestic wastewater, agricultural runoff, and industrial effluents, which, if unmanaged, can deteriorate the water quality. This study highlights the need for sustainable waste management practices to maintain the ecological health of the bay.

Clear lobster seeds ( puerulus ) are one of Indonesia’s fisheries commodities, with an estimated production reaching 103,490,283 per year, and 17% of its potential is found in Sumbawa Island. Labangka District is one of the most promising puerulus fishing areas in Sumbawa. This research aims to analyze the availability of puerulus from Labangka Beach and the distribution and trade flow. This study was conducted in February–March 2025 in Labangka, Sumbawa. Some data were obtained from the Sumbawa Regency Fisheries Office and interviews with informants. The puerulus fishing locations are in Labangka Bay and Cemplung Beach, located in Labangka I, III, and V villages. The catch is dominated by P. homarus , with the highest yields in October 2024 (163,532 puerulus ) and February 2025 (179,150 puerulus ). The captured puerulus are sent to Central Lombok, East Lombok, and Sumbawa. Several actors, such as fishermen, local collectors, and joint business groups, are involved in the local puerulus marketing scheme in Labangka. At the provincial NTB and national levels, the involved parties include Lombok-based collectors, cooperatives, and Public Service Agencies appointed by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries to regulate the technical aspects of puerulus exports.

Peken Klangenan Kotagede is a cultural-themed market managed by women, with 82% of the tenants also being women. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of women’s empowerment in Peken Klangenan Kotagede and its impact on sustainable tourism and the achievement of SDGs. A descriptive qualitative method was employed to identify issues related to women’s empowerment, sustainable tourism, and the SDGs. The sampling techniques included purposive, snowball, and convenience sampling. The informants consisted of managers, women tenants, community leaders, and tourists, with a total of nine informants involved in the study. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analyses. Data validity was tested through source, technique, and time triangulation and member checking. Data analysis was conducted using Miles and Huberman’s framework, with thematic and narrative approaches. This framework uses data collection, data display, data reduction, and conclusion/verification. SDG indicators were used to describe the contribution of women’s empowerment to the achievement of the goals. The findings indicate that women’s empowerment in Peken Klangenan Kotagede contributes to sustainable tourism in economic, social, and environmental dimensions and advances the achievement of SDG 5 (Gender Equality), particularly targets 5.4, 5.5, and 5. a. This study offers a novel contribution by highlighting how a women-led cultural market can operationalize the principles of gender-responsive, sustainable tourism at the grassroots level. Thus, the dynamics of Peken Klangenan Kotagede can be positioned as a model of women’s empowerment that can be used by policymakers and community organizers.

Seagrass plays an important role as a habitat for spawning, nurturing, protecting, and foraging marine biota such as fish. However, the fish community structure in the seagrass ecosystem of Tidung Besar Island has not been studied. This study aimed to analyze the structure of fish communities in the seagrass ecosystem of Tidung Besar Island during high- and low-tide conditions. Fish sampling was carried out for three months from October to December 2023 using gillnets with four different mesh sizes, lengths, and widths. The fish samples were analyzed in the laboratory. During the study, 1144 individuals were collected, consisting of 12 orders, 30 families, and 70 species. The fish composition was dominated by Dischistodus chrysopoecilus (white-spot damsel) at 612 Ind/m 2 . The abundance and dominance of species were higher at high tide, whereas species richness, diversity, and evenness were higher at low tide. Fish diversity on Tidung Besar Island is included in the medium category, with conditions that tend to be stable.

Coastal ecosystems, essential for ecological stability, face escalating degradation from pollution and habitat loss. Bojonegara waters in Banten Bay experience anthropogenic pressure that may alter benthic communities. This study examined macrozoobenthos diversity, distribution, and relationships with environmental parameters. Sampling employed a van Veen grab across five periods (January, February, August, and October 2020), with concurrent in-situ and laboratory measurements of physical- chemical parameters. Analyses included genus composition, density, diversity, evenness, and dominance indices, as well as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and similarity indices. Seventy-seven genera from six phyla and eight classes were recorded, dominated by Gastropoda (37 genera), Bivalvia (18), and Polychaeta (12). The highest macrozoobenthic density occurred at Station 3, the lowest at Station 6. Diversity (0.905–2.640), evenness (0.441–0.772), and dominance (0.260–0.659) indices indicated that the Bojonegara waters were at a low to moderate level of pollution. PCA revealed strong associations between Bivalvia, Gastropoda, and Sipuncula with salinity and water transparency variations. Gastropods and polychaetes predominated in estuarine-freshwater substrates, while bivalves thrived in marine substrates. Findings confirm macrozoobenthos as reliable bioindicators for evaluating ecological status and environmental quality in coastal ecosystems.