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Background We reviewed details of Chinese Kimura’s disease (KD) cases. A full clinical analysis was subsequently performed to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and treatment of KD. Methods A total of 24 patients with pathologically confirmed KD treated between March 2008 and March 2018 were reviewed retrospectively for clinical and histopathological analysis. Results In the 24 KD cases, 20 were male and 4 were female with the age of onset ranging from 5 to 65 years. Lesion diameter ranged from 0.6 cm to 7 cm with unilateral involvement being more popular (79%). Imaging examination had a high detection rate for KD involving the parotid gland and subcutaneous but had low specificity. Microscopic analysis indicated that KD mainly involved subcutaneous soft tissue and lymph nodes. The prominent feature of lymphoid tissue was germinal center hyperplasia surrounded by several lobules associated with hyperplastic vascular structures. Out of the 24 patients, 11 experienced recurrence of disease after treatment (surgical resection: 46.2%, surgical resection followed by oral corticosteroids: 71.4% and surgical resection combined with radiotherapy: 0%). Conclusions Our analysis revealed clinical, imaging, and histological characteristics of KD. A better understanding of the disease will help clinicians reduce misdiagnosis and improve the diagnostic rate upon patient first clinical visit.

A home-auxiliary robot platform is developed in the current study which could assist patients with physical disabilities and older persons with mobility impairments. The robot, mainly controlled by brain computer interface (BCI) technology, can not only perform actions in a person’s field of vision, but also work outside the field of vision. The wavelet decomposition (WD) is used in this study to extract the δ (0~4 Hz) and θ (4~8 Hz) sub-bands of subjects’ electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The correlation between pairs of 14 EEG channels is determined with synchronization likelihood (SL), and the brain network structure is generated. Then, the motion characteristics are analyzed using the brain network parameters clustering coefficient (C) and global efficiency (G). Meanwhile, the eye movement characteristics in the F3 and F4 channels are identified. Finally, the motion characteristics identified by brain networks and eye movement characteristics can be used to control the home-auxiliary robot platform. The experimental result shows that the accuracy rate of left and right motion recognition using this method is more than 93%. Additionally, the similarity between that autonomous return path and the real path of the home-auxiliary robot reaches up to 0.89.

Objective To evaluate the vocal fold histological characteristics during different postnatal periods in rats, especially older rats. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats aged 4 days, 4 and 12 weeks, and 12 and 24 months were used for the experiment. Five larynges were obtained for each age and cut into 5‐μm consecutive sections. The expression of Ki‐67 was assessed using immunohistochemistry to examine cell proliferation. Elastic van Gieson staining was used to detect the collagen and elastin concentrations. The cell type was determined using multicolor immunofluorescence. Results Ki‐67 was not expressed in the macula flava (MF) of 12‐week‐, 12‐month‐, and 24‐month‐old adults. Collagen fibers in the lamina propria (LP) increased with age. The elastic fiber concentrations in the LP decreased significantly at 24 months (p < .01) but remained stable in the MF. All posterior MF cells showed strong glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin‐positive reactions with weaker expressions of CD68 and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). The myofibroblasts (α‐SMA‐positive) and macrophages (CD68‐positive) in the LP of the 24‐month‐old rats were significantly the highest (p < .01). Conclusion The extracellular matrix in the LP increases with age, presenting as an increase in collagen with the loss of elastin, which may be due to myofibroblast proliferation. Moreover, the cellular properties or extracellular matrix components of the mature MF in rats are comparable to those in humans. The study aimed to evaluate vocal fold histological characterization of the different postnatal periods rat, especially aged. Rat vocal folds structural and physiological changes parallel that in previous human studies.

Background The independent and interactive associations of abdominal obesity and fatty acids with the risk of microvascular diseases (MVDs) are still unclear. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of 88,571 participants aged 40-69 years from the UK Biobank. Plasma fatty acids were quantified at baseline using high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and were analyzed in quartiles, with the lowest quartile of each fatty acid subtype as the reference. Cox regression models were employed to assess the associations between fatty acid levels and incident MVDs, with adjustment for relevant covariates. Results Over a median follow-up of 13.7 years, higher levels of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n-3 PUFAs, and n-6 PUFAs are associated with a significantly lower risk of MVDs. The hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest versus lowest quartile (Q4 vs . Q1) are 0.81 (95% CI: 0.75-0.87), 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.96), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.91), respectively. Conversely, higher levels of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are associated with a higher risk of MVDs. Furthermore, an antagonistic additive interaction is observed between n-3 PUFAs and abdominal obesity (RERI: − 0.14, 95% CI: − 0.25- − 0.03). Conclusion Higher plasma PUFAs are associated with a lower risk of MVDs. Furthermore, the association between n-3 PUFAs and a lower risk of MVDs is more pronounced among individuals with abdominal obesity. These findings contribute to the limited prospective evidence on the associations between plasma-specific fatty acids and MVDs. Plain language summary Microvascular diseases (like kidney or nerve issues from small blood vessel damage) are common, and obesity and fatty acids may affect their risks. We studied 88,571 people over 13.7 years to see how belly fat, also termed abdominal obesity (measured by the ratio of waist over hip circumference) and blood fatty acids relate to microvascular diseases risk. We found that higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids lowered microvascular diseases risk, while saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids raised it. For people with abdominal obesity, n-3 PUFAs were especially protective. These findings suggest that public health strategies should emphasize the intake of n-3 fatty acids and the management of belly fat, particularly for individuals at risk of microvascular diseases. Shi, Yu et al. examine the associations of abdominal obesity and plasma fatty acids with microvascular diseases risk in the UK Biobank cohort. Authors find that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with a lower risk, whereas saturated- and monounsaturated- fatty acids are associated with an increased risk.

Background Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is the predominant cause of otitis media with effusion in children and adults. Balloon dilatation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) provides a new method for restoring the ventilatory function of Eustachian tube (ET). However, the differences in age‐related morphological changes in the dimensions and positions of ET in children and adults are unclear. Purpose This study aimed to examine age‐related morphological changes in bony and cartilage segments of the ET in a three‐dimensional space in normal population. Methods A total of 71 randomly selected computed tomography (CT) images of the temporal bones of 46 people were retrospectively studied in four age groups: A (0–3 years old); B (4–8 years old), C (9–18 years old), and D (19–65 years old). Space analytic geometry was assessed to calculate the dimensions and positions of ET. Results The bony segment of ET lengthened from infancy to adulthood with age in groups A, B and C (r = 0.562**/0.000). The cartilage segment of ET mostly extended with age from infancy to 8 years old in children (r = 0.633**/0.000), but with bending close to the sagittal plane and away from the horizontal plane with age in groups A, B and C (P < .05), and with a constant angle to the coronal plane among the four groups (P > .05). Conclusion The bony and cartilaginous segments of ET exhibit distinct morphological changes in space with age. The bony segment of ET extends in a constant position from infancy to adulthood. In contrast, the cartilaginous segment of the ET indicates multidimensional positional changes until adulthood, in addition to the elongation from infancy to children. This may provide an accurate morphological basis for comparing the differences in ETD pathogenesis and surgical treatment between children and adults. The bony segment of ET extends in a constant position from infancy to adulthood. In contrast, the cartilaginous segment of ET indicates multidimensional positional changes until adulthood, in addition to the elongation from infancy to 8 years old in children. This may provide an accurate morphological basis to compare the differences in ETD pathogenesis and surgical treatment between children and adults.

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the development of various cancers. Here, we aimed to evaluate the roles of miR‐138‐5p in lung cancer progression and the value of miR‐138‐5p in lung cancer diagnosis. Methods Quantitative real‐time PCR was performed to examine the expressions of miR‐138‐5p and smad nuclear interacting protein 1 (SNIP1) mRNA. The diagnostic value of miR‐138‐5p was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, sensitivity, and specificity. We explored the effect of miR‐138‐5p on cell proliferation and metastasis by CCK‐8, colony formation, wound healing and transwell assays. Western blot was employed to detect the protein expression of SNIP1 and related genes. Lung cancer cell growth was evaluated in vivo using xenograft tumor assay. Results MiR‐138‐5p was decreased in the serum of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and in NSCLC cells and tissues. The area under the ROC curve of serum miR‐138‐5p in the diagnosis of NSCLC was 0.922. This finding indicates the high diagnostic efficiency for lung cancer. MiR‐138‐5p suppressed but its inhibitor promoted cell proliferation and migration compared with control treatment in vitro and in vivo. MiR‐138‐5p directly binds to the 3′‐untranslated region of SNIP1 and negatively regulated the expression of SNIP1, thereby inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1 and c‐Myc. Moreover, overexpression of SNIP1 rescues the miR‐138‐5p‐mediated inhibition in NSCLC cells. Conclusions The results suggested that miR‐138‐5p suppressed lung cancer cell proliferation and migration by targeting SNIP1. Serum miR‐138‐5p is a novel and valuable biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis. MiR‐138‐5p directly binds to the 3′‐untranslated region of SNIP1 mRNA and negatively regulated the expression of SNIP1, thereby inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1 and c‐Myc. The results suggested that miR‐138‐5p suppressed lung cancer cell proliferation and migration by targeting SNIP1.

This paper focuses on planning patterns for biped walking on complex terrains. Two problems are solved: ZMP (zero moment point) cannot be used on uneven terrain, and the conventional cart-table model does not allow vertical CM (centre of mass) motion. For the ZMP definition problem, we propose the extended ZMP (EZMP) concept as an extension of ZMP to uneven terrains. It can be used to judge dynamic balance on universal terrains. We achieve a deeper insight into the connection and difference between ZMP and EZMP by adding different constraints. For the model problem, we extend the cart-table model by using a dynamic constraint instead of constant height constraint, which results in a mathematically symmetric set of three equations. In this way, the vertical motion is enabled and the resultant equations are still linear. Based on the extended ZMP concept and extended cart-table model, a biped pattern generator using triple preview controllers is constructed and implemented simultaneously to three dimensions. Using the proposed pattern generator, the Atlas robot is simulated. The simulation results show the robot can walk stably on rather complex terrains by accurately tracking extended ZMP.

This paper uses the finite element calculation software ABAQUS to research the stability characteristics of the drum-type screen drive under normal operating conditions. Through the simulation calculation of the dynamics of the reducer system, earthquake load and motor gravity, the results show that the drum-type screen drive secondary reduction worm gear drive components are subjected to the maximum stress, and the maximum stress occurs at the intersection of the worm and gear; the maximum deformation under the earthquake load occurs at the two low-speed motor sides, and the maximum displacement is 0.929mm.

This paper aims to explore the role of circRNA expression profiles and circRNA-associated ceRNA networks in the regulation of myogenesis in the longissimus dorsi of cattle breeds surviving under subtropical conditions in southern China by RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. It also aims to provide comprehensive understanding of the differences in muscle fibers in subtropical cattle breeds and to expand the knowledge of the molecular networks that regulate myogenesis. With regard to meat quality indicators, results showed that the longissimus dorsi of LQC had lower pH ( P  < 0.0001), lower redness ( P  < 0.01), lower shear force ( P  < 0.05), and higher brightness ( P  < 0.05) than the longissimus dorsi of LFC. With regard to muscle fiber characteristics, the longissimus dorsi of LQC had a smaller diameter ( P  < 0.0001) and higher density of muscle fibers ( P  < 0.05). The analysis results show that the function of many circRNA-targeted mRNAs was related to myogenesis and metabolic regulation. Furthermore, in the analysis of the function of circRNA source genes, we hypothesized that btacirc_00497 and btacirc_034497 may regulate the function and type of myofibrils by affecting the expression of MYH6, MYH7, and NEB through competitive linear splicing.

Although poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, as anti-tumor drugs targeting the DNA damage response (DDR), have been used for the therapy of various tumors, few researches reported their effect on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Here, we first discovered that the PARP-1/2 inhibitor Niraparib could simultaneously induce cell growth inhibition and autophagy in LSCC TU212 and TU686 cells. Niraparib decelerated cell cycle of LSCC by arresting G1 phase and preventing the cells from entering S phase. DNA lesions were also observed upon Niraparib treatment as evidenced by the accumulation of γH2AX and abatement of pRB expression. In addition, autophagy generation was confirmed by the observation of autophagosomes, LC3-positive autophagy-like vacuoles, and obvious conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II. Moreover, blocking autophagy enhanced Niraparib-induced growth inhibition and DNA lesions. Further studies suggested that autophagy suppression could obstruct the activation of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) through elevating proteasomal activity and then impair the capacity of homologous recombination (HR), thereby improving the anti-LSCC efficiency of Niraparib. Collectively, these findings suggested that simultaneous targeting of Niraparib and autophagy might be a promising therapeutic schedule for LSCC in clinic.