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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients often experience sepsis, a significant clinical challenge that frequently requires intensive care and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this comorbidity remain poorly understood. This study investigated the molecular intersection of SLE and sepsis using publicly available gene expression datasets. We identified 93 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (49 upregulated and 44 downregulated) shared by both conditions, primarily impacting bacterial defense and immune response pathways. Integrated differential expression and weighted gene co-expression network analyses (WGCNA) revealed 11 hub genes, with TNFAIP6 and PLSCR1 showing significant diagnostic potential. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) revealed a significant expansion of CD14 + monocytes in both conditions, exhibiting elevated expression of the identified hub genes and similar transcriptional profiles. Upregulation of TNFAIP6 and PLSCR1 was validated using public monocyte datasets and real-time PCR of mouse PBMCs, with PLSCR1 showing markedly increased expression in SLE cases complicated by sepsis. Our findings demonstrate that CD14 + monocytes emerge as a common site of immune dysregulation in these comorbid conditions, with overlapping gene expression and pathway alterations suggesting shared molecular mechanisms that could inform targeted therapeutic strategies.

Background Rapeseed cake is an important agricultural waste. After enzymatic fermentation, rapeseed cake not only has specific microbial diversity but also contains a lot of fatty acids, organic acids, amino acids and their derivatives, which has potential value as a high-quality organic fertilizer. However, the effects of fermented rapeseed cake on tea rhizosphere microorganisms and soil metabolites have not been reported. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effect of enzymatic rapeseed cake fertilizer on the soil of tea tree, and to reveal the correlation between rhizosphere soil microorganisms and nutrients/metabolites. Results The results showed that: (1) The application of enzymatic rapeseed cake increased the contents of soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), and available phosphorus (AP); increased the activities of soil urease (S-UE), soil catalase (S-CAT), soil acid phosphatase (S-ACP) and soil sucrase (S-SC); (2) The application of enzymatic rapeseed cake increased the relative abundance of beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms such as Chaetomium , Inocybe , Pseudoxanthomonas , Pseudomonas , Sphingomonas , and Stenotrophomonas ; (3) The application of enzymatic rapeseed cake increased the contents of sugar, organic acid, and fatty acid in soil, and the key metabolic pathways were concentrated in sugar and fatty acid metabolisms; (4) The application of enzymatic rapeseed cake promoted the metabolism of sugar, organic acid, and fatty acid in soil by key rhizosphere microorganisms; enzymes and microorganisms jointly regulated the metabolic pathways of sugar and fatty acids in soil. Conclusions Enzymatic rapeseed cake fertilizer improved the nutrient status and microbial structure of tea rhizosphere soil, which was beneficial for enhancing soil productivity in tea plantations. These findings provide new insights into the use of enzymatic rapeseed cake as an efficient organic fertilizer and expand its potential for application in tea plantations.

Nitrogen (N) is a key nutrient which affects plant development and quality formation for tea plants. Notable genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has been reported among different genotypes of Camellia sinensis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences have not been illuminated. In this study, a 15N tracing method was used to compare nitrogen use efficiency among six genotypes. The results show that there were significant differences in the NUEs among these genotypes. Among them, TC12 had the highest NUE, while LJCY had the lowest NUE. Transcriptome analysis between these two cultivars showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in photosynthesis—antenna proteins and zeatin biosynthesis in mature leaves and new shoots, respectively. TC12 had higher expression levels of AMT1.2, NRT2.4, and NRT3.2 in the roots, AAP6 and AAP7 in the stems and shoots, and LHC in the mature leaves than LJCY. The expression of ZOG1 and CKX, which are involved in zeatin biosynthesis, was down-regulated in the shoots of TC12 compared with LJCY. These findings will contribute to insights into the molecular mechanism of nitrogen utilization and the identified candidate genes provide a genetic resource for improving N use efficiency in tea plants.

316L porous skeletal scaffolds prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) technology are currently widely used in bone injuries. Its successful implantation is predicated on having properties that match those of natural bone. The process parameters significantly influence the performance of SLM-316L porous scaffold. In this study, the nine-group shaping process parameters were determined by orthogonal method. The 316L porous scaffolds were tested in compression, electrochemistry, XRD and microstructure. The influence of process parameters on the performance of body-centered cubic peripheral square structure bracket was investigated. The influence laws of process parameters on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance were obtained. The results show that process parameters have a significant effect on the microstructure, properties and defect distribution. The reduction of defects and grain refinement in the stent is conducive to the improvement of compressive properties and hardness of the stent. The magnitude of the hardness is inversely related to the grain size. The corrosion current density of porous scaffolds are also affected by their microscopic defects and grain size. At an energy density of 78.70 J mm −3 presents the least defects and obtains smaller grains, resulting in the best mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score has been widely used for approximately 30 years for the clinical assessment and monitoring of organ dysfunction in patients. However, advancements in medical science and clinical practice have identified several limitations of the SOFA score, underscoring the need for its revision. This paper synthesizes and summarizes the recent advances and provides a comprehensive understanding of the deficiencies of the SOFA score, which requires certain refinements. Furthermore, this work presents a scientific basis and direction for further modifications to enhance the clinical utility of the score.

In this study, the aluminium alloy shell forming process is firstly studied and analysed. After that, the three-dimensional modelling software SOLIDWORKS is used to analyse and model the workpieces and the convex and concave dies of each process of the aluminium alloy shell hot extrusion forming process. Finally, the three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation software DEFORM-3D is used to carry out numerical simulation analysis on the precision hot forming process of aluminium alloy shell. Equivalent force and strain distributions, along with stroke-load curves, were analyzed under varying conditions by changing the friction factor and forming temperature. The simulation results show that under the conditions of friction factor of 0.25 and temperature of 450 °C, it is most suitable for the machining of aluminium alloy shell hot extrusion forming process.

The axial fan plays a vital role in the safe production of the mine, and in this paper, a mine axial flow ventilator is designed through numerical simulation to meet the demand of air exchange inside and outside of the mine, so as to maintain the oxygen supply of the mine and discharge the harmful gases. Finite element analysis of four structural factors of axial fan blade installation angle, number of blades, deflector plate, rotational speed, drawing fan wind pressure and rotational speed cloud diagram, calculation of axial power, by analyzing the distribution of the cloud diagram to design the shape of the fan blade, and derive the change rule of the wind pressure when changing the structure of the fan. By using gradient descent method to control the percentage of imported mass flow rate, the P-Q performance curve of the fan is obtained, which optimizes its aerodynamic performance, improves efficiency, and extends its service life.

In order to have a stronger bond with the surrounding bone, the bone prosthesis needs to have interconnecting pores for bone cells to grow and more importantly to avoid stress shielding. At the same time, human bones have different composition and structure of bone tissue in different parts of the body due to different physical factors of the person, so the elastic modulus of the bones that need to be supported and replaced are not the same. And additive manufacturing has the advantages of rapid, efficient and precise manufacturing of complex shapes and high-quality three-dimensional structures, which can manufacture porous scaffold bone prosthesis, and achieve more accurate mechanical property requirements by controlling the design parameters. To study the effect of design strut length and design strut cross-section diameter size on the elastic modulus of tetrahedral titanium alloy scaffold unit, and with the help of UG NX, several digital models of porous titanium alloy scaffolds were constructed with the strut length and the strut cross-section diameter size as the parameters of variation, and then the elastic modulus of each porous titanium alloy scaffold was measured by ANSYS Workbench 2022, and the elasticity modulus of each porous titanium alloy scaffold was further derived from the relationship between the strut length and strut cross-section diameter size and the porous titanium alloy scaffold. Then the elastic modulus of each porous titanium alloy bracket was measured by ANSYS Workbench 2022, and the mathematical model between the strut length, strut cross-section size and elastic modulus of the porous titanium alloy bracket was further derived. Then, ANSYS Workbench 2022 was used to measure the elastic modulus of each porous titanium alloy bracket and further derive the mathematical model between strut length, strut cross-section diameter size and elastic modulus of the porous titanium alloy bracket, with the help of which the elastic modulus of the porous titanium alloy bracket with specific diameters and strut lengths was finally deduced to validate the correctness of the above predicted mathematical model, and to make reasonable explanations and corrections for the deviations. explanation and correction of deviations. As a result, the rapid prototyping technology can be used to design the required porous titanium alloy bracket in a more detailed way.

Key message The weighted gene co-expression network analysis and antisense oligonucleotide-mediated transient gene silencing revealed that CsAAP6 plays an important role in amino acid transport during tea shoot development. Nitrogen transport from source to sink is crucial for tea shoot growth and quality formation. Amino acid represents the major transport form of reduced nitrogen in the phloem between source and sink, but the molecular mechanism of amino acid transport from source leaves to new shoots is not yet clear. Therefore, the composition of metabolites in phloem exudates collected by the EDTA-facilitated method was analyzed through widely targeted metabolomics. A total of 326 metabolites were identified in the phloem exudates with the richest variety of amino acids and their derivatives (93), accounting for approximately 39.13% of the total metabolites. Moreover, through targeted metabolomics, it was found that the content of glutamine, glutamic acid, and theanine was the most abundant, and gradually increased with the development of new shoots. Meanwhile, transcriptome analysis suggested that the expression of amino acid transport genes changed significantly. The WGCNA analysis identified that the expression levels of CsAVT1 , CsLHTL8 , and CsAAP6 genes located in the MEterquoise module were positively correlated with the content of amino acids such as glutamine, glutamic acid, and theanine in phloem exudates. Reducing the CsAAP6 in mature leaves resulted in a significant decrease in the content of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine, leucine, asparagine, glutamine, and arginine in the phloem exudates, indicating that CsAAP6 played an important role in the source to sink transport of amino acids in the phloem. The research results will provide the theoretical basis and genetic resources for the improvement of nitrogen use efficiency and tea quality. Graphical abstract

The strengthening mechanism of 6061 aluminum alloy by multi-pass ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) was investigated. An explicit kinetic finite element model of USRP was established to analyze the distribution of compressive residual stresses on the specimen surface along the depth direction and compared with the experimentally obtained compressive residual stresses, which was found to be consistent with the pattern, with an average error of less than 10%. The microstructure, surface roughness, corrosion resistance and fatigue properties of the multi-pass USRP treatment were tested and characterized by means of electron backscatter diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical testing, and rotational bending fatigue testing. It was demonstrated that USRP can significantly improve the surface properties of the material, thereby increasing the fatigue resistance of the material. The surface roughness is reduced from an average roughness of 1.77-0.29 μm; dense passivation film is produced on the surface, and the radius of capacitive arc can be up to 10 times of the initial specimen; the source of fatigue cracks is transferred from the surface to the subsurface, and the fracture morphology tends to be flat. USRP is a method to significantly improve the fatigue life of aluminum alloys.