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Background: The coronary microvascular dysfunction has attracted more and more attention in recent years, but there is still a lack of effective treatment. Shexiang Baoxin Pill is one of the commonly used drugs for the treatment of coronary artery disease in China. More recently, some studies found that it has the effect of improving coronary microvascular function. Objective: To evaluate the effects of Shexiang Baoxin Pill for coronary microvascular function. Methods: Databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, VIP and CBM were searched from inception to June 2021 to screen out relevant clinical studies. The 2019 version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB2) were used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: Eleven studies meeting the criteria were included, with a total of 1,075 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional treatment alone, combination of Shexiang Baoxin Pill and conventional treatment can further increase the coronary flow reserve (CFR) [mean difference (MD) = 0.43, 95%CI (0.28, 0.58), p < 0.000 01], decrease the index of microvascular resistance (IMR) [MD = −4.23, 95%CI (−5.49, −2.97), p < 0.000 01], increase serum nitric oxide (NO) [MD = 11.96, 95%CI (2.74, 21.18), p = 0.001] and decrease serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) [MD = −2.49, 95%CI (−3.08, −1.90), p < 0.000 01], but did not increase the time of duration on the exercise testing (TET) [MD = 3.64, 95%CI (−1.17, 8.45), p = 0.14]. In terms of safety, a total of 10 patients developed adverse reactions in the intervention group and 17 patients developed adverse reactions in the control group. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that Shexiang Baoxin Pill may be effective in the improvement of coronary microvascular function when used in combination with conventional treatment. However, due to the low quality of the included studies, lack of placebo control and high heterogeneity among different studies, we should take a cautious attitude towards this conclusion. Moreover, the safety of Shexiang Baoxin Pill remains uncertain, more high-quality clinical studies are needed to verify the efficacy and safety of this drug in the future. Systematic Review Registration: [website], identifier [registration number: CRD42021265113].

Ferroptosis is associated with the pathology of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury following myocardial infarction, which is a leading cause of death worldwide. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to regulate gene expression, their roles in MI/R-induced ferroptosis remain unclear. In this study, we explored the lncRNA expression profiles in a rat model of MI/R injury and found that the novel lncRNA, lncAABR07025387.1, was highly expressed in MI/R-injured myocardial tissues and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-challenged myocardial cells. Silencing lncAABR07025387.1 improved MI/R injury in vivo and inhibited myocardial cell ferroptosis under H/R conditions. Bioinformatics analyses and luciferase, pull-down, and RNA-binding immunoprecipitation assays further revealed that lncAABR07025387.1 interacted with miR-205, which directly targeted ACSL4, a known contributor to ferroptosis. Furthermore, downregulating miR-205 reversed the ACSL4 inhibition induced by silencing lncAABR07025387.1. These findings suggest that, mechanistically, lncAABR07025387.1 negatively regulates miR-205 expression and subsequently upregulates ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that lncAABR07025387.1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA during MI/R injury and highlights the therapeutic potential of lncRNAs for treating myocardial injury.

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a bioactive triterpenoid saponin isolated from the roots of licorice plants ( ), has been shown to exert a variety of pharmacological activities and is considered to have potential therapeutic applications. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the cardioprotective effect of GA on myocardial ischemia (MI) injury rats induced by isoproterenol (ISO), and explore the potential mechanisms underlying these effects. The rats were randomized into five groups: control, ISO, ISO+diltiazem (10 mg/kg), ISO+GA (10 mg/kg), and ISO+GA (20 mg/kg). Electrocardiogram and histopathological examination were performed. Markers of cardiac marker enzymes (creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde [MDA]), and inflammation (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) were also measured in each group. Proteins involved in NF-κB and Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway were detected by Western blot. GA decreased the ST elevation induced by MI, decreased serum levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, and increased serum superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde activities. Furthermore, GA increased the protein levels of Nrf-2 and HO-1 and downregulated the phosphorylation of IκB, and NF-κB p65 in ISO-induced MI. These observations indicated that GA has cardioprotective effects against MI, and these effects might be related to the activation of Nrf-2/HO-1 and inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in the myocardium.

Background: The number of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients is increasing year by year, yet all western medicines currently used for heart failure have been shown to be ineffective for HFpEF. Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pill is one of the commonly drugs for the treatment of heart failure in China. In recent years, some clinical studies found that it has curative effect on HFpEF. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pill in treatment of HFpEF. Methods: Databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library and EMbase were searched from their inception to May 2020 to screen relevant randomized controlled trials. The “risk of bias” evaluation tool in the Cochrane Handbook was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: Eight studies meeting the criteria were included, with a total of 895 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with western medicine alone, combination of western medicine and Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pill can further increase the quotient of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity and late diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E/A) in patients with HFpEF [mean difference (MD) = 0.20, 95% CI (0.14, 0.26), p < 0.000 01], decrease the quotient of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular tissue velocity (E/e′) [MD = −2.50, 95% CI (−3.18, −1.82), p < 0.000 01], decrease brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) [MD = −151.83, 95% CI (−245.78, −57.89), p = 0.002], increase cardiac function improvement rate [relative risk (RR) = 1.30, 95% CI (1.11, 1.52), p = 0.001], and increase six-minutes walking distance (6-MWD) [MD = 64.75, 95% CI (22.65, 106.85), p = 0.003]. Four studies reported the occurrence of adverse reactions, among which three studies reported no adverse reactions and one study reported three patients with mild adverse reactions in the intervention group. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pill may be effective in the treatment of HFpEF. However, due to the low quality of the included studies, lack of placebo control, large heterogeneity among different studies, and great possibility of publication bias, the results of our review should be evaluated with more prudence, more high-quality clinical studies are needed to verify the conclusion in the future. In addition, the safety of Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pill remains uncertain, further assessment is required in the future.

Growing antibiotic misuse and the rise of antimicrobial resistance have driven interest in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as therapeutic agents for wound dressings and clinical wound management. AMPs are short, cationic peptides with broad‑spectrum activity and diverse mechanisms of action that confer a low propensity for resistance development. We performed a focused literature synthesis to review AMP classification, structural features, antimicrobial mechanisms, and strategies for integrating AMPs into wound dressings. We emphasize materials and delivery approaches reported for hydrogels, electrospun fibers, films, scaffolds, and sponges, and we summarize advances in hybrid systems that combine AMPs with functional materials. AMP‑loaded dressings promote infection control and tissue repair by maintaining a favorable wound microenvironment, enabling controlled peptide release, reducing biofilms, and stimulating cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Hybrid platforms-polysaccharide and stimuli‑responsive hydrogels, metal‑nanoparticle composites, exosome carriers, and cryogels-improve peptide stability and bioavailability while introducing functionalities such as real‑time bacterial sensing, antioxidant activity, and electrical conductivity for electrostimulation. In chronic wounds and burns, AMP‑based dressings show promise for anti‑biofilm activity, immunomodulation, enhanced re‑epithelialization, and reduced risk of resistance compared with conventional antibiotics. We identify key challenges and propose future directions: rational design of tailored AMPs, smart controlled‑release carriers, nanotechnology‑enabled formulations, and strategies to accelerate clinical translation. Advances in these areas are expected to expedite the clinical adoption of AMP‑based wound therapies, offering safer, more effective, and personalized treatment options.

Bearing is the core component of high‐speed rotating machinery. However, the lubricating oil plays an important role in reducing the temperature and the collision between components. It can improve the performance of the bearing under high‐speed rotation. Therefore, based on the theory of oil‐air two‐phase flow, this paper establishes a numerical analysis flow‐heat model of ball bearing under different oil supply. At the same time, the vibration is calculated. The influence of internal oil‐air field and thermal characteristics on vibration is analyzed. The results show that the volume of oil is not uniformly distributed in the bearing chamber. The oil gradually decreases from the outer ring to the inner ring. It is mainly concentrated on the oil‐air inlet. With the increasing of oil supply speed, the temperature of the bearing decreases firstly and then increases, and there is an optimal oil supply speed. The inner ring vibration velocity is basically similar to the temperature trend. Meanwhile, the lowest temperature is mainly concentrated near the oil‐air inlet. The maximum error between simulation results and experimental results is 11.37%. Finally, the reliability of the simulation analysis is verified by the temperature and vibration experiment. It provides some theoretical support for the optimization of oil‐air lubrication parameters of angular contact ball bearings.

With the increasingly serious problem of environmental pollution, new energy vehicles have become a hot spot in today’s research. The lithium-ion battery has become the mainstream power battery of new energy vehicles as it has the advantages of long service life, high-rated voltage, low self-discharge rate, etc. The battery management system is the key part that ensures the efficient and safe operation of the vehicle as well as the long life of the power battery. The accurate estimation of the power battery state directly affects the whole vehicle’s performance. As a result, this paper established a lithium-ion battery charge state estimation model based on BP, PSO-BP and LSTM neural networks, which tried to combine the PSO algorithm with the LSTM algorithm. The particle swarm algorithm was utilized to obtain the optimal parameters of the model in the process of repetitive iteration so as to establish the PSO-LSTM prediction model. The superiority of the LSTM neural network model in SOC estimation was demonstrated by comparing the estimation accuracies of BP, PSO-BP and LSTM neural networks. The comparative analysis under constant flow conditions in the laboratory showed that the PSO-LSTM neural network predicts SOC more accurately than BP, PSO-BP and LSTM neural networks. The comparative analysis under DST and US06 operating conditions showed that the PSO-LSTM neural network has a greater prediction accuracy for SOC than the LSTM neural network.

A battery thermal management system (BTMS) with functions of heat dissipation and heating by using only one liquid and one structure was studied, and a design for a new type of thermal management device structure was proposed. To find the influence factors of the BTMS on heat dissipation and heating characteristics, we selected and simulated three parameters: inlet size, liquid flow rate, and temperature. The convective heat transfer coefficient h and the Nusselt number Nu were used to analyze the influence of inlet size and liquid velocity on heat transfer intensity. The results show that: (1) In the temperature environment of 298 K with different discharge rates, a pipe diameter of 10 mm is the best size of the BTMS; (2) The increase in flow rate can increase the convective heat transfer coefficient h and the Nusselt number Nu. When the flow rate is 0.02 m/s, the growth rate of h and Nu is the largest; (3) The higher the fluid temperature, the faster the temperature of the battery pack increases in cold environments, but the uneven surface temperature of the battery is also more obvious.

Landslide susceptibility assessment is an essential tool for disaster prevention and management. In areas with multiple fault zones, the impact of fault zone on slope stability cannot be disregarded. This study performed qualitative analysis of fault zones and proposed a zoning method to assess the landslide susceptibility in Chengkou County, Chongqing Municipality, China. The region within a distance of 1 km from the faults was designated as sub-zone A, while the remaining area was labeled as sub-zone B. To accomplish the assessment, a dataset comprising 388 historical landslides and 388 non-landslide points was used to train the random forest model. 10-fold cross-validation was utilized to select the training and testing datasets for the model. The results of the models were analyzed and discussed, with a focus on model performance and prediction uncertainty. By implementing the proposed division strategy based on fault zone, the accuracy, precision, recall, F-score, and AUC of both two sub-zones surpassed those of the whole region. In comparison to the results obtained for the whole region, sub-zone B exhibited an increase in AUC by 6.15%, while sub-zone A demonstrated a corresponding increase of 1.66%. Moreover, the results of 100 random realizations indicated that the division strategy has little effect on the prediction uncertainty. This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the prediction accuracy of the landslide susceptibility mapping model in areas with multiple fault zones.

Purpose . This study aimed to investigate the impacts of tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)‐induced cardiomyocyte injury in coronary heart disease (CHD), and to determine whether Tan IIA regulates myocardial cell injury induced by I/R through the Hyaluronan Synthase 2 / fibroblast growth factor 9 (HAS2/FGF9) axis. Methods . Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) of the GSE23561 microarray dataset determined gene modules linked to CHD. The key genes were further explored through differential expression and protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network analyses. Human AC16 cardiomyocytes were treated with Tan IIA, HAS2 knockdown, and FGF9 overexpression and they were exposed to normoxic, hypoxic, and I/R environments. Cell viability, apoptosis, gene/protein expression, and markers of oxidative stress were evaluated in vitro . Results . The turquoise module was significantly correlated with CHD and HAS2 was identified as a hub gene. Under hypoxic conditions, Tan IIA exhibited a dose‐dependent cardioprotective effect. Tan IIA ameliorated I/R‐induced cellular injury, as evidenced by increased cell viability, decreased apoptosis, and regulation of key proteins (PCNA, Bax). After I/R conditions, knockdown of HAS2 increased cell viability and reduced apoptosis, whereas overexpression of FGF9 reversed these effects. Notably, HAS2 knockdown also ameliorated I/R‐induced increases in inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, and synergistic protection was provided by combined treatment with FGF9 and Tan IIA. Conclusion . Taken together, our findings confirm that Tan IIA protects cardiomyocytes from I/R‐induced injury by controlling the HAS2 / FGF9 axis. These findings reveal the potential therapeutic significance of Tan IIA in alleviating CHD‐related myocardial dysfunction.