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Improving the storage capacities of electrode materials is one of the most critical points for ion batteries. Two-dimensional (2D) topological semimetals with high carrier mobility are naturally suitable as electrode materials. Herein, using the first-principle calculations, 2D BP monolayer with Dirac-type band structure is predicted to be a superior anode material with ultrahigh capacity for both Li/Na-ion batteries. The BP monolayer remains metallic after the adsorption of Li/Na ions, ensuring a good conductivity. Furthermore, BP owns low diffusion barriers (0.35 eV for Li ions and 0.16 eV for Na ions) and a moderate lattice change (3%) during the process of charging and discharging. Remarkably, the storage capacity of monolayer BP is enhanced to 1924 mAh/g by multilayer adsorption of both Li/Na ions, much higher than those of most previous 2D anode materials. All these characteristics strongly suggest that BP has great potential as a superior anode material in Li/Na-ion batteries.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive factors of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and BRAF V600E mutation in Chinese patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods A total of 943 PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy from 2014 to 2016 at our hospital were enrolled. Those patients were divided into PTC > 10 mm and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) groups by tumor size. The BRAF V600E mutation was examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine risk factors associated with CLNM and the BRAF V600E mutation. Results The frequency of CLNM was 53% (505/943). Both univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that the risk factors for CLNM in PTC patients were male, younger age, and larger tumor size ( P < 0.05). Coexistent Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) was an independent protective factor against CLNM when the tumor was > 10 mm ( P = 0.006). Stratified analysis revealed that male, age ≤ 30 years, and tumor size > 5 mm were independent risk factors for CLNM. The BRAF V600E mutation rate was 85%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ( P < 0.001) and coexistent HT ( P = 0.005) were independent predictive factors of BRAF V600E mutation in PTC patients. Only age was a risk factor for the BRAF V600E mutation when the tumor was > 10 mm ( P = 0.004). In the PTMC group, the BRAF V600E mutation was significantly correlated with tumor size ( P < 0.001) and coexistent HT ( P = 0.03). Stratified analysis revealed that age > 30 years and tumor size > 5 mm were independent predictive factors of BRAF V600E mutation. Furthermore, the incidence of CLNM was significantly higher in BRAF V600E mutation-positive patients ( P = 0.009) when the tumor was ≤ 5 mm. Conclusion The factors male, younger age (≤ 30 years), large tumor size (> 5 mm), and coexistent HT are independent predicative factors for CLNM. The BRAF V600E mutation is associated with both large size and without HT in PTMC patients, age > 30 years in the PTC > 10 mm group. The BRAF V600E mutation was an independent risk factor for CLNM when the tumor was ≤ 5 mm. For optimal management, these features should be comprehensively evaluated to determine the initial surgical approach for PTC patients.

Background Irritable bowel syndrome is common in children and exhibits a high placebo response. This study was to explore the placebo response rate and its influencing factors in children with irritable bowel syndrome. Methods A systematic search was performed on Pubmed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and CBM from database inception to March 2022. Randomized controlled trials of irritable bowel syndrome in children were included in the study. The primary outcome was the placebo response rate of improvement. Results Thirteen studies were included, with 445 patients in the placebo group. The rate of improvement and abdominal pain disappearance were 28.2% (95% CI, 16.6–39.9%) and 5% (95% CI, 0–18.4%). The placebo response based on the abdominal pain score was 0.675 (95% CI, 0.203–1.147). The mode of administration ( P  < 0.01), dosing schedule ( P  < 0.01), and clinical outcome assessor ( P  = 0.04) have a significant impact on the magnitude of placebo effect. Conclusions The placebo response rate for pediatric irritable bowel syndrome was 28.2%. In clinical trials, reducing dosing frequency, selecting appropriate dosage forms, and using patient-reported outcomes can help mitigate the placebo effect. Impact This is the first meta-analysis to assess the placebo response rates for improvement and disappearance in children with IBS. The finding suggested that the mode of administration, dosing schedule, and clinical outcome assessor could potentially influence the magnitude of the placebo effect in children with IBS. This study would provide a basis for estimating sample size in clinical trial design with a placebo control.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive factors of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and BRAF mutation in Chinese patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A total of 943 PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy from 2014 to 2016 at our hospital were enrolled. Those patients were divided into PTC > 10 mm and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) groups by tumor size. The BRAF mutation was examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine risk factors associated with CLNM and the BRAF mutation. The frequency of CLNM was 53% (505/943). Both univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that the risk factors for CLNM in PTC patients were male, younger age, and larger tumor size (P < 0.05). Coexistent Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) was an independent protective factor against CLNM when the tumor was > 10 mm (P = 0.006). Stratified analysis revealed that male, age ≤ 30 years, and tumor size > 5 mm were independent risk factors for CLNM. The BRAF mutation rate was 85%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (P < 0.001) and coexistent HT (P = 0.005) were independent predictive factors of BRAF mutation in PTC patients. Only age was a risk factor for the BRAF mutation when the tumor was > 10 mm (P = 0.004). In the PTMC group, the BRAF mutation was significantly correlated with tumor size (P < 0.001) and coexistent HT (P = 0.03). Stratified analysis revealed that age > 30 years and tumor size > 5 mm were independent predictive factors of BRAF mutation. Furthermore, the incidence of CLNM was significantly higher in BRAF mutation-positive patients (P = 0.009) when the tumor was ≤ 5 mm. The factors male, younger age (≤ 30 years), large tumor size (> 5 mm), and coexistent HT are independent predicative factors for CLNM. The BRAF mutation is associated with both large size and without HT in PTMC patients, age > 30 years in the PTC > 10 mm group. The BRAF mutation was an independent risk factor for CLNM when the tumor was ≤ 5 mm. For optimal management, these features should be comprehensively evaluated to determine the initial surgical approach for PTC patients.

Acetaminophen overdose-induced hepatotoxicity is the most common cause of acute liver failure in many countries. Previously, alpha-mangostin (α-MG) has been confirmed to exert protective effects on a variety of liver injuries, but the protective effect on acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury (ALI) remains largely unknown. This work investigated the regulatory effect and underlying cellular mechanisms of α-MG action to attenuate acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. The increased serum aminotransferase levels and glutathione (GSH) content and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) demonstrated the protective effect of α-MG against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. In addition, α-MG pretreatment inhibited increases in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) caused by exposure of mice to acetaminophen. In liver tissues, α-MG inhibited the protein expression of autophagy-related microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and BCL2/adenovirus E1B protein-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3). Western blotting analysis of liver tissues also proved evidence that α-MG partially inhibited the activation of apoptotic signaling pathways via increasing the expression of Bcl-2 and decreasing Bax and cleaved caspase 3 proteins. In addition, α-MG could in part downregulate the increase in p62 level and upregulate the decrease in p-mTOR, p-AKT and LC3 II /LC3 I ratio in autophagy signaling pathways in the mouse liver. Taken together, our findings proved novel perspectives that detoxification effect of α-MG on acetaminophen-induced ALI might be due to the alterations in Akt/mTOR pathway in the liver.

To accurately monitor the operational state of Internet Data Centers (IDCs) and fulfill integrated management objectives, this paper introduces a bidirectional cross-attention LSTM–Informer with uncertainty-aware multi-task learning framework (BiCA-LI) for time series analysis. The architecture employs dual-branch temporal encoders—long short-term memory (LSTM) and Informer—to extract local transient dynamics and global long-term dependencies, respectively. A bidirectional cross-attention module is subsequently designed to synergistically fuse multi-scale temporal representations. Finally, task-specific regression and classification heads generate predictive outputs and anomaly detection results, while an uncertainty-aware dynamic loss weighting strategy adaptively balances task-specific gradients during training. Experimental results validate BiCA-LI’s superior performance across dual objectives. In regression tasks, it achieves an MAE of 0.086, MSE of 0.014, and RMSE of 0.117. For classification, the model attains 99.5% accuracy, 100% precision, and an AUC score of 0.950, demonstrating substantial improvements over standalone LSTM and Informer baselines. The dual-encoder design, coupled with cross-modal attention fusion and gradient-aware loss optimization, enables robust joint modeling of heterogeneous temporal patterns. This methodology establishes a scalable paradigm for intelligent IDC operations, enabling real-time anomaly mitigation and resource orchestration in energy-intensive infrastructures.

To explore the predictive value of nutritional risk for all-cause death and functional outcomes among elderly acute stroke patients. A total of 479 elderly acute stroke patients were enrolled in this study. The nutritional risk of patients was screened by the GNRI and NRS-2002. The primary outcome was all-cause death, and the secondary outcome was poor prognosis defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≥3. Based on the NRS-2002, patients with nutritional risk had a higher risk of all-cause death at 3 months (adjusted OR: 3.642, 95% CI 1.046~12.689) and at 3 years (adjusted OR: 2.266, 95% CI 1.259~4.076) and a higher risk of adverse functional outcomes at 3 months (adjusted OR: 2.748, 95% CI 1.518~4.972. Based on the GNRI, compared to those without nutritional risk, patients with mild malnutrition also had a higher risk of all-cause death at 3 months (adjusted OR: 7.186, 95% CI 1.550~33.315) and at 3 years (adjusted OR: 2.255, 95% CI 1.211~4.199) and a higher risk of adverse functional outcomes at 3 months (adjusted OR: 1.947, 95% CI 1.030~3.680), so patients with moderate and severe malnutrition had a higher risk of all-cause death at 3 months (adjusted OR: 6.535, 95% CI 1.380~30.945) and at 3 years (adjusted OR: 2.498, 95% CI 1.301~4.799) and a higher risk of adverse functional outcomes at 3 months (adjusted OR: 2.213, 95% CI 1.144~4.279). Nutritional risk increases the risk of poor short-term and long-term outcomes in elderly patients with acute stroke. For elderly stroke patients, we should pay attention to early nutritional risk screening, and effective intervention should be provided to improve the prognosis of such patients.

Objective Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (MF-ICCs) can be classified into ductal and parenchymal types using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aimed to subclassify MF-ICC into biliary and parenchymal types based on ultrasound (US) findings and to investigate the differences in their contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) patterns, clinicopathologic features, and prognosis. Methods In this study, 141 patients who underwent US with pathologically proven MF-ICC from two hospitals were retrospectively enrolled. MF-ICCs were divided into biliary (bMF-ICCs) and parenchymal MF-ICC (pMF-ICCs) based on the signs of bile duct dilation in US images. Clinicopathological, imaging, and short-term survival data were collected from medical records and compared. Results Among 141 patients (61.96 ± 10.15 years, 83 men), bMF-ICCs (33/141, 23.4%) showed significantly more CEA ≥ 5 µg/L (42.4% vs 20.2%, p  = 0.01), microvascular invasion (54.5% vs 10.2%, p  < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (48.5% vs 5.6%, p  < 0.001), bile duct invasion (48.5% vs 5.6%, p  < 0.001), and high Ki-67 expression (63.6% vs 38.9%, p  = 0.01) than pMF-ICCs. Pathologically, bMF-ICCs were more inclined toward the large duct type (78.1% vs 11.7%, p  < 0.001). In addition, the bMF-ICCs were usually located in the left lobe of the liver (63.6% vs 41.7%, p  = 0.03). pMF-ICCs showed better overall survival than bMF-ICCs ( p  = 0.04). Conclusions Subclassification of MF-ICCs into biliary and parenchymal types based on US is useful for discriminating clinicopathological characteristics. Critical relevance statement The subclassification of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (MF-ICC) into biliary (bMF-ICC) and parenchymal (pMF-ICC) subtypes using ultrasound can provide clinicopathological and prognostic information before surgery. Key Points We subclassified mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas into biliary and parenchymal types using ultrasound. Biliary and parenchymal types have different clinicopathological features and postsurgical outcomes. Biliary type above and below 50 mm exhibits different unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. Our classification has certain similarities with MRI classification in clinicopathological characteristics. Graphical Abstract

Background γδ T cells represent a heterogeneous family of innate-like lymphocytes with adaptive immunity features. Although abundant in barrier tissues such as skin and intestine, γδ T cells are rare in the cardiovascular system, which severely limits exploration of their roles in atherosclerosis. Consequently, the spatial localization, functional states, and antigen-driven responses of γδ T cells within atherosclerotic lesions remain poorly defined. Methods To nevertheless examine γδ T cells in atherosclerosis, we employed an integrative, three-pronged strategy combining γδ T cell single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell T cell receptor sequencing (scTCR-seq), spatial transcriptomics, and large-scale multi-dataset scRNA-seq integration across multiple hyperlipidemic mouse models. Large-scale multi-dataset scRNA-seq integration was also applied to human atherosclerotic plaque datasets. Results We found significant enrichment of γδ T cells within both atherosclerotic plaques and artery tertiary lymphoid organs (ATLOs), particularly of the proinflammatory IL17-producing γδ T17 subtype. Unexpectedly, γδ T17 cells containing paired Vγ6Vδ4 TCR chains with identical complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences underwent clonal expansion in atherosclerotic plaques and ATLOs. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that plaques and ATLOs locally educate γδ T17 cells - here termed γδ eduT17 cells - towards an anti-apoptotic, tissue-resident, and apparent hypofunctional phenotype. Furthermore, γδ eduT17 cells underwent metabolic reprogramming within the atherosclerotic microenvironment. Spatial transcriptomics revealed that γδ T cells preferentially localize in ATLOs, particularly at the interface between T cell zones and B cell follicles. Multi-dataset integration confirmed the conservation of these features across multiple hyperlipidemic mouse models. In contrast, human atherosclerotic plaques harbored substantially fewer γδ T cells and the human phenotypes were dominated by an effector/cytolytic γδ T cell subtype, characterized by transcriptomes enriched in cytotoxic effector molecules. Conclusions Our findings identify γδ T cells as a previously underappreciated T cell lineage population in atherosclerosis. Murine atherosclerosis is characterized by the enrichment, education, and clonal expansion of proinflammatory γδ eduT17 cells within plaques and ATLOs. In contrast, human plaques harbor γδ T cells with cytolytic features, suggesting divergent roles of γδ T cells between species. These results highlight the importance of local vascular microenvironments in shaping γδ T cell function and emphasize the need for caution when extrapolating mechanistic insights from mouse models to human atherosclerosis.

With the rapid development of urban informatization, the era of big data is coming. To satisfy the demand of traffic congestion early warning, this paper studies the method of real-time traffic flow state identification and prediction based on big data-driven theory. Traffic big data holds several characteristics, such as temporal correlation, spatial correlation, historical correlation, and multistate. Traffic flow state quantification, the basis of traffic flow state identification, is achieved by a SAGA-FCM (simulated annealing genetic algorithm based fuzzy c-means) based traffic clustering model. Considering simple calculation and predictive accuracy, a bilevel optimization model for regional traffic flow correlation analysis is established to predict traffic flow parameters based on temporal-spatial-historical correlation. A two-stage model for correction coefficients optimization is put forward to simplify the bilevel optimization model. The first stage model is built to calculate the number of temporal-spatial-historical correlation variables. The second stage model is present to calculate basic model formulation of regional traffic flow correlation. A case study based on a real-world road network in Beijing, China, is implemented to test the efficiency and applicability of the proposed modeling and computing methods.