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Objectives Klebsiella pneumoniae is a free-living bacterium found anywhere, including soil, water, and various types of plants, animals, and humans. Due to identical biochemical test results, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae , a member of the Klebsiella pneumoniae complex, is often misidentified as Klebsiella pneumoniae . This distinct species can be accurately identified solely through whole-genome sequencing. This bacterium poses a significant public health threat due to its increasing antibiotic resistance, ability to cause severe disease, and potential for community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections. However, there was no previous report of K. quasipneumoniae from Indonesia. Subsequent research focusing on antimicrobial-resistant gene analysis, virulence determinants, evolutionary relationship, and transmission pathways based on this dataset will enhance understanding of this species and their differences with other Klebsiella pneumoniae complex organisms. Data description We present a whole genome sequencing of four Klebsiella quasipneumoniae isolated from hospital wastewater in Jakarta, Indonesia. Initial bacterial identification was conducted which showed Klebsiella pneumoniae . However, the whole genome Average Nucleotide Identity (wgANI) was found to be Klebsiella quasipneumoniae. The genome size of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae I1-1, I1-3, I5-2, and I5-3 isolates were 5.4 Mb (GC = 57.72%), 5.5 Mb (GC = 57.72%), 5.4 Mb (GC = 57.73%), and 5.5 Mb (GC = 57.72%), respectively. Sequence data has been deposited in the GenBank database.

The decline in fossil fuel sources has prompted research into finding renewable fuels. One of environmentally friendly energy sources with high efficiency is by producing liquid oil from palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) and coal. Pre-treatment of empty fruit bunches using NaOH and various concentrations of H2O2, various ratios of EFB/coal, the ratio of CaO catalyst, chemical and physical characteristics were studied to produce the better liquid oil yield. The H2O2 concentrations are 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. The ratios of EFB/coal (R) are 0/100, 25/75, 50/50, and 75/25. The ratios of catalyst CaO/raw material are 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%. It ran at 400 °C with 100 mL/min nitrogen gas flowing during one hour. The results showed that adding sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide in the EFB pre-treatment increased the liquid oil yield. With an increase in the EFB/coal ratio, the liquid oil yield increased. Co-pyrolysis treated EFB and Coal with a ratio of 75:25 produced 32% liquid oil yield, but the liquid oil yield decreased to 19% with the addition of 9% CaO catalyst. However, the addition of CaO catalyst reduces the acidity and increases the calorific value of the liquid oil.

Pertussis cases have been reported most frequently in developed countries, but they are predicted to be the most prevalent in developing countries. Indonesia, a developing country, routinely conducts case-based surveillance for pertussis. We reviewed the data on pertussis cases and close contacts based on clinical sample documents examined in the National Reference Laboratory for pertussis, Indonesia (2016–2020). Our objective was to analyze the laboratory and epidemiological aspects of pertussis cases and close contacts, particularly to evaluate the implementation of a 5-year case-based surveillance of pertussis in Indonesia. Data were collected from sample documents and annual laboratory reports between January 2016 and December 2020. We analyzed the proportion of pertussis cases and close contacts by geographic region, year, age, and sex. We used the χ 2 test to correlate the laboratory and epidemiological data. In total, 274 clinical cases of pertussis and 491 close contacts were recorded in 15 provinces. The peak number of cases occurred in 2019, with a positivity rate (percentage of laboratory-confirmed cases) of 41.23% (47/114). Clinical cases were dominated by infants aged <1 year (55.5%), and 52.9% of them were aged <6 months. Similarly, 72.3% (68/94) of the laboratory-confirmed cases were infants. Both clinical cases and positivity rates tended to be higher in females (155 cases, 38.1%) than in males (119 cases, 29.4%). No confirmed cases were found in children aged ≥10 years, although positive results still occurred in close contact. Age-group and laboratory-confirmed cases were correlated ( p = 0.00). Clinical and confirmed cases of pertussis occurred mostly in the early age group and may be lower in those aged ≥10 years, especially in confirmed cases. New policies are needed for pertussis prevention at an early age, as well as the application of serology tests to increase laboratory-confirmed cases in children aged ≥10 years.

In the challenging realm of earthquake prediction, the reliability of forecasting systems has remained a persistent obstacle. This study focuses on earthquake magnitude prediction in Indonesia, leveraging supervised machine learning techniques and cloud radon data. We present an analysis of the tele-monitoring system, data collection methods, and the application of regression-based machine learning algorithms. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset spanning 30 training instances and 105 test instances, the study evaluates multiple metrics to ascertain the efficacy of the prediction models. Our findings reveal that the linear regression approach yields the best earthquake magnitude prediction method, with the lowest values across multiple evaluation metrics: standard deviation 0.40, mean absolute error (MAE) 0.30, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) 6%, root mean square error (RMSE) 0.52, mean squared error (MSE) 0.28, symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE) 0.06, and conformal normalized mean absolute percentage error (cnSMAPE) 0.97. Additionally, we discuss the implications of the research results and the potential applications in enhancing existing earthquake prediction methodologies.

The oil and gas sector’s environmental impact is coming under more and more scrutiny, which makes environmental risk management (ERM) crucial to preventing negative impacts on ecosystems and public health. This study explores innovative ERM approaches in the sector, aiming to balance sustainability with operational efficiency. Traditional ERM practices often fall short in addressing complex environmental challenges, but advancements in technology and regulatory frameworks present new opportunities. The study’s objectives include identifying and evaluating cutting-edge ERM strategies, assessing their effectiveness, and proposing an integration framework. Using a mixed-methods approach, we combined a comprehensive literature review with case studies from leading companies to gather data on ERM practices such as real-time monitoring systems, predictive analytics, and green technologies. Analysis incorporated the latest industry reports and regulatory updates from 2023. Findings show that assessing risk is much more accurate and timelier when advanced technologies such as IoT-enabled sensors and AI-driven predictive models are utilized. Utilizing green technology, including carbon capture and storage (CCS) and the integration of renewable energy mitigates environmental harm. Companies employing these innovative ERM approaches reported a 25% reduction in spill incidents and a 30% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions over the past year, highlighting the potential for advanced ERM strategies to encourage sustainability in the oil and gas business. Future research will develop a standardized framework for implementing these practices across diverse operational contexts and conduct longitudinal studies to evaluate their long-term consequences on environmental and operational efficiency.

East Java is one of the provinces on Java Island characterized by relatively high seismicity, making it highly susceptible to earthquake hazards. This vulnerability is further exacerbated by the region′s high population density, which increases the potential for significant losses of property and even human lives in the event of a disaster. Therefore, earthquake disaster mitigation efforts aimed at reducing seismic risk are paramount. One such attempt involves mapping the spatial distribution of earthquake risk levels across East Java. In this study, the assessment of earthquake risk levels is based on three key factors: hazard, vulnerability, and capacity. The hazard factor is represented by Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA); the vulnerability factor is indicated by population density; and the capacity (or resilience) factor is measured using the Human Development Index (HDI). PGA values were calculated using the empirical Donovan method based on earthquake catalog data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for 1973–2023 with a magnitude ≥5. Each factor was standardized using the Davidson model and overlaid using a scoring technique. In contrast, the weighting of each factor was conducted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method as developed by Firmansyah et al. (2009). The mapping was carried out with the aid of ArcGIS software. Based on the PGA calculations, values in East Java range from 13.114 gal to 90.306 gal, corresponding to intensity levels of I to VII on the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale. The resulting earthquake risk index values range from 1.00 to 4.30. Using Sturges′ rule, the risk values were classified into three categories: low, medium, and high risk. The resulting risk distribution map shows that 14 regencies/municipalities (44.74%) fall into the low-risk category with a total area of 27,815.824 km2; 14 regencies/municipalities (36.84%) fall into the medium-risk category with an area of 19,593.694 km2; and seven regencies/municipalities (18.42%) are categorized as high-risk with a total area of 643.174 km2.

The growing global energy demand has accelerated the search for sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives, among which bio-oil has emerged as a potential candidate. Bio-oil is a liquid fuel derived from the pyrolysis of biomass, a thermal decomposition process at high temperatures (>300 °C) in the absence of oxygen, resulting the formation of biochar, gases, and liquid fractions. Co-pyrolysis, involving the simultaneous pyrolysis of biomass with other feedstocks, has gained attention due to its potential to improve yield and quality of bio-oil. This study investigates the effect of formic acid pretreatment of Nypa fruticans fronds (NFFs), the role of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) addition, and the influence of NiO-CuO/biochar catalyst loading on bio-oil production. Experiments were conducted at 500 °C for 60 minutes with varying formic acid (FA) concentrations (0%, 10%, and 20% w/w), NFFs-to-PET ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100), and catalyst loadings (5%, 10%, and 15% w/w). The best performance was achieved under combined conditions of 10% FA pretreatment, a 25:75 NFFs-to-PET ratio, and 10% catalyst loading, resulting in a bio-oil yield of 39.33% w/w with calorific value of 33.71 MJ/kg, viscosity of 21.74 cSt, and density of 0.95 g/cm 3 . These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of co-pyrolysis with PET and NiO-CuO/biochar catalysts in producing higher yields and improved bio-oil quality, highlighting its potential as an alternative renewable fuel.

Oil Palm Fronds (OPF), an abundant agricultural residue in Southeast Asia, and polypropylene (PP), one of the most consumed plastics worldwide, represent underutilized feedstocks with high potential for liquid fuel production. When combined with catalytic upgrading, particularly using multifunctional catalysts such as NiCu/CaO, co-pyrolysis can enhance deoxygenation, promote hydrocarbon formation, and improve the physicochemical quality of the resulting bio-oil. Therefore, the present study investigates the influence of sulfuric acid pretreatment on OPF, the impact of different OPF-to-PP blending ratios (0:1, 1:0, 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1), and variations in catalyst loading (2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) on the yield and properties of the bio-oil produced. The co-pyrolysis process was carried out at 500°C for 60 minutes. The best bio-oil was generated from co-pyrolysis of OPF pretreated with 2% sulfuric acid in a ratio of 3:1 with polypropylene, with the NiCu/CaO addition of 5% with a yield of62.80 %, density of 0.8198 g mL -1 , and calorific value of 38.052 MJ kg -1, with main components 2,4-dimethyl-1-heptene.

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that has a high prevalence in Indonesia. The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has conducted a national vaccination program for hepatitis B. In order to evaluate the success of the hepatitis B vaccination in Indonesia, a community study based on basic health research (Riskesdas) was performed nationwide since 2007 for five year period in 2007, 2013, and 2018. Further statistical analysis was performed specifically for the children under 59 months old (toddlers) immunized in both urban and rural areas in 2007, 2013, and 2018 based on certain characteristics by examining antibodies against HBsAg (anti-HBs), IgG antibodies against the core antigen (HBcAb), surface antigen (HBsAg) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The data obtained from the data management laboratory of Ministry of Health, Indonesia, was analyzed with Bivariate analysis with continuity correction chi-square or Pearson chi-square using Stata software version 16. This study showed an increase in hepatitis B coverage of complete immunization (30% in 2007, 60.3% in 2013, and 57% in 2018), which was also influenced by mothers' level of education (Pearson chi-square ) and access to health service points within 30 minutes (OR = 1.3-2.8, ). The trend of the percentage of immune status (anti-HBs) was increased (41.8% in 2007; 56.1% in 2013; and 79.1% in 2018). The higher anti-HBs was found in complete hepatitis B immunization status (OR = 1.5-2, ) and in good nutritional status ( ). However, the anti-HBs was found decreased with increasing age ( ). The trend of positive HBcAb (exposure to HBV infection) showed a decrease gradually of almost ten times from 2007 (8.6%-13.5%) compared to 2013 (2.6%-11.1%) and 2018 (1.1%-2%). Urban areas were at higher risk of hepatitis B exposure (OR = 1.4-2.2) than rural areas (OR = 0.37-0.80). The HBsAg data were only available in 2013 and 2018. Riskesdas data analysis showed the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBsAg) was lower in complete immunization status than that in incomplete one ( ), but with an increase from 3.9% (2013) to 9.3% (2018), possibly due to inappropriate implementation of birth dose immunization or a vaccine-escape mutant from the HBV variants. The effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccine obtained from the three Riskesdas periods in Indonesia showed an improvement, with an increase in immune status, reduced exposure to HBV and a lower prevalence of hepatitis B in children with complete vaccination. However, there is still an increase in hepatitis B infection, especially in urban areas. Therefore, a long-term evaluation of immunization coverage especially ensuring that the initial dose of immunization was given within the first 24 h of birth, HBsAg and HBcAb, nutritional status, genomic surveillance of HBV, and other aspects of program quality evaluation are needed to ensure that elimination efforts have been implemented properly.