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This study aimed to analyze the optimal combination of temperature and light for the growth and quality of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed. This study used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD factorial) consisting of 2 factors (temperature and light) with three replications, which included a combination of temperature 28, 31, and 34 °C with light 50 and 100 photons (µmol m −2 s −1 ). The test object used was a seaweed seed weighing 50 g. The results showed that the S28C100 treatment gave the highest absolute weight growth value (P<0.05). The highest specific growth rate (SGR) was found in the S28C100 and S31C100 treatments, not significantly different between the two, respectively 3.77±0.058% and 3.03±0.12%. Treatment S31C50 followed by S31C100 gave the highest value for the carrageenan yield, but there was no significant difference between the two, respectively 15.505±0.71% and 13.965±0.26%. The combination of temperature and light in this study resulted in gel strength values of 922.150±234.26 to 1048.555±266.46 g.cm −2 but not significantly different between each treatment.

Eucheuma cottonii is a type of seaweed that has been cultivated. Factors that can inhibit seaweed cultivation are weather, and the solution is tissue culture. Seaweed tissue culture requires explants with adequate nutrition. The use of growth regulators and PES fertilizer is expected to meet the nutritional requirements. The research aimed to analyze the effect of the combination of atonic growth regulator and PES (Provasoli Enrich Seawater) media on the growth of Eucheuma cottonii . The research was designed in a method using the Complete Randomized Design (RAL) method with 4 treatments consisting of K (atonic growth regulator 0 ppm and PES 0%), A (atonic growth regulator 15 ppm and PES 1%), B (atonic growth regulator 15 ppm and PES 2%) and C (atonic growth regulator 15 ppm and PES 3%). The seaweed used in this experiment was Eucheuma cottonii with an initial weight of 0,093±0,008 grams and an initial length of 2,08±0,01 cm. The result of this research can increase the growth of Eucheuma cottonii . In conclusion, the combination of 15 ppm atonic growth regulator and 3% of PES in culture media could increase the survival rate, weight-specific growth rate and length specific growth rate of Eucheuma cottonii explant.

Anthropogenic activities in Cengkok coastal waters have a potential to pollute the environment with contaminants such as heavy metals. The aim of this study is to determine both the content and accumulation of heavy metals (Pb and Hg) in greenback mullets (Planiliza subviridis) in Cengkok coastal waters, Banten Bay. Fish samples were taken for six months from March to August 2019. Wet sample destruction was done using the Nitric Acid-Perchloric Acid Digestion method, while heavy metal analysis used the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) instrument. The results of the measurements of Pb and Hg contained in greenback mullets during the study were still below the quality standard, according to the Indonesian FDA (2018). Meanwhile, according to FAO/WHO (2004), Pb content in June, July, and August and Hg content in August had exceeded the quality standard of 0.03 mg/kg (for Pb) and 0.05 mg/kg (for Hg). The safety levels for greenback mullet consumption for children is 0.44 kg of flesh/week and 1.45 kg of flesh/week for adults.

The research objective is to evaluate the suitability status of the Sukabumi region to produce eel. The output is a spatial distribution map of suitable locations ecologically to develop Anguilla sp grow out. Spatial overlay and weighting methods were used to process the data of contour map, soil map, weather map, diurnal temperature map, season temperature map, and watershed map. Almost all of the Sukabumi region is 80% suitable relatively for developing Anguilla sp culture or 3.620 Km2. Very suitable location 873 Km2, suitable 1.926 Km2, marginal 821 Km2, and not suitable 541 Km2.

The decline in production has prompted researchers in various countries to continue to study factors supporting the success of Holothuria scabra culture. This research aims to evaluate the characteristic of nutrients, size of a sand fraction of the sediment from natural habitats, and the digestive tract, as a basis to determine the grain size of sand suitable for substrates of sea cucumbers culture semi-closed system. The result showed that the highest fraction in the digestive tract of sea cucumber with a wet weight of 5-20 g was clay, 50-70 g of sea cucumbers was fine sand, size of 100-120 g was medium and fine sand, size of 200-220 g was the clay fraction, and in natural habitat was fine sand and clay. Medium sand to clay as a dominant fraction to be found was 86.83±1.22-96.74±0.60%. Smaller sea cucumbers tended to absorb a high amount of coarse sand, while larger sea cucumbers tended to absorb a higher amount of fine sand fraction. Meanwhile, protein, fat, and crude fibre content in the natural habitat sediment was low, so that nutrient enrichment and/or artificial feeding on the substrate is important, to provide for the growth of sea cucumbers if its culture efforts use a semiclosed system.

Organochlorine is a synthetic pesticide that has been banned in many countries because of its high persistence in the environment and can accumulate in animals. The goal of our study was to determine the level of organochlorine residues in surface water and in the mussel Corbicula sumatrana of Lake Singkarak. Water and mussel samples were collected from 10 sampling sites of Lake Singkarak, Batu Taba, Sumpur, Guguk Malalo, Ombilin, Tikalak, Sumani, Saniang Baka, Muaro Pingai, Paninggahan, and Tanjung Mutuih, respectively in June 2021. Water and mussel samples were extracted and analyzed with gas chromatography. The result of our study revealed the occurrence of Lindan (7 μg/L) in the surface water of Tikalak, and also Aldrin (3 μg/L) in the surface water of Tikalak, Sumani, and Ombilin. Organochlorine residue compounds were also detected in mussels of five sampling sites (Tikalak, Sumani, Muaro Pingai, Paninggahan, and Tanjung Mutuih). Mussels of Tikalak contain compounds namely Dieldrin, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and Endosulfan with levels of 2 μg/kg, 6 μg/kg, and 3 μg/kg, respectively. Dieldrin was also detected at Sumani (2 μg/kg), Muaro Pingai (4 μg/kg), and Paninggahan (10 μg/kg). DDT was also detected at Tanjung Mutuih at a level of 3 μg/kg. Other compounds such as Heptachlor and Endrin were not detected both in surface water and in mussel from all sampling sites studied. The results indicate that organochlorine residue can still be found in the environment, with its level in mussels being higher than in surface water.

Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the important aquaculture commodities. This is due to high demand and farming with high stock densities. However, whiteleg shrimp farming is generally large scale, so that farmers with small capital cannot carry out business activities. In this paper, an intensive assessment of four whiteleg shrimp technologies has been carried out with seven criteria. Four intensive shrimp farming technologies are biofloc technology, supra intensive, shrimp farming in mini scale with tarpaulin (BUSMETIK), and Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS). Seven criteria that used in the assessment are affordability of capital and operational costs on a mini scale, minimum land area for shrimp farming, dependence on the location of raw water sources, environmental friendly, productivity, energy consumption, and biosecurity. The assessment was carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to assess the compatibility of different technologies to low investment. The results of the AHP method show that RAS is ranked first for intensive shrimp farming technology for small farmers. Then followed by supra intensive, BUSMETIK and biofloc technology. Most of the criteria used in the AHP calculation are the advantages that RAS is very suitable for small farmers.

Banten Bay represents waters bordering the areas of marine tourism, industries, settlements, and agriculture. The wastes resulting from those activities can harm the aquatic environment. This study aims to analyze the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Pb and Hg) in threadfin bream ( Nemipterus sp.) in Panjang Island, Banten Bay, Banten Province. Sampling and observation were carried out from March to August 2019 on the island. Measurements of heavy metal contents in fish flesh and gills were conducted using the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Based on the results of analyses, Pb and Hg in fish flesh and gill were 0-0.149 mg/kg and 0-0.064 mg/kg, respectively, indicating that the number of heavy metals in the tissue was under the predetermined threshold; However, the number of heavy metals in the gill organs exceeded the predetermined threshold. The maximum weight limit of the fish flesh that can be consumed by both adults and children was 6.15 g/week and 1.85 g/week, respectively.

Intensification of aquaculture is directed at the effort to increase productivity by carrying capacity of production factors. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of Holothuria scabra cultured intensively through the application of compost fertilizer. H. scabra were reared for 90 days (20 individuals/m 2 of density), using a pen culture method on the three different substrates, namely fine sand, seagrass mud, and coarse sand, where each treatment was made as four replicates. The amount of compost used for the type of each substrate was the same. The results showed that applying compost in sea cucumbers culture using the pen culture method was proven to be effective in increasing the growth performance of sea cucumbers H. scabra , with the weight gain, growth rate, and survival, respectively, ie: 49.10±1.62 g; 1.26±0.03% g/day and 90.00% on seagrass mud substrate; 46.00±6.92 g; 1.23±0.11% g/day and 89.00% on a fine sand substrate and the lowest is 42.05±g; 1.13±0.08% g/day and 87.50% were found on a coarse sand substrate. The growth response was not significantly different between the three substrate types (Duncan’s test, p>0.05), indicating that the availability of nutrient sources in substrates is one of the key factors for the intensification of H. scabra culture.

Intensive aquaculture is an attempt to farm fish at a high stocking density. High stocking density in Tor soro can affect growth, survival, and feed efficiency. Therefore, intensive aquaculture usually adopts several technologies and one of them can be found in the form of a recirculation aquaculture system. This study aimed to examine optimal stocking density supporting Tor soro performance under the recirculation aquaculture system. Four different stocking densities were used as treatments: 2 fingerlings/L, 3 fingerlings/L, 4 fingerlings/L and 5 fingerlings/L. The experiment followed a completely randomized design experiment with four replications. Tor soro fingerlings sized 4-5 cm were reared in a 48 × 48 × 30 cm3 recirculated aquarium, with a water debit of 40 L in each tank for 60 days. Growth and survivals of fingerlings differed significantly between high and low stocking densities. The highest growth occurred to fingerlings at 4 stocking densities per liter (1.67±0.06) and the lowest growth occurred to the group with 5 fingerlings/L (0.34±0.56). Stocking density also significantly affected fingerling survivals where the first group attained 100% survivals, followed by a group of 4 fingerlings/L with (96±4.00%). Results from this study recommend stocking the fingerlings at a density of 4/L to maintain optimal growth conditions.