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Context: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the centering ability and canal transportation of TruNatomy, OneCurve, and Jizai file systems to assess their performance in oval-shaped canals using cone-beam computed tomography imaging. Materials and Methods: Forty-two fully formed single-rooted mandibular premolars were selected with a buccolingual canal size 2–2.5 times the mesiodistal size at 5 mm from the apex, with 0°–10° canal curvature with a 5–6 mm radius, at 5 mm from the apex. The teeth were divided into three groups (n = 14) and prepared with TruNatomy, OneCurve, and Jizai files based on the manufacturer's instructions. Cone-beam computed tomographic images were taken before and after instrumentation. The canal transportation and centering ability was calculated at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex in both mesiodistal and buccolingual directions. Statistical Analysis: Intergroup comparison was done using Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Intragroup comparison was done using Freidman test. A comparison of categorical variables was done using the Chi-square test. Results: The results obtained did not present any statistically significant difference between the three groups, with TruNatomy and OneCurve showing relatively lesser canal transportation and better centering ratio when compared to the Jizai file system. Conclusions: It can, therefore, be concluded that all three systems used in the study are capable of safely preparing root canals with minimal errors.

ObjectiveTo explore factors influencing UK medical students’ specialty choices and examine variations in these influences across demographic groups and stages of training.DesignNational, cross-sectional online survey.SettingAll 44 UK medical schools recognised by the General Medical Council.Participants8,395 medical students.Primary and secondary outcomesThe primary outcome was the specialty preferences of UK medical students. The secondary outcomes were factors behind these preferences and how these factors vary across demographic groups and different stages of training.ResultsGeneral Practice (15.3%), Paediatrics (10.6%) and Anaesthetics (9.9%) were the most preferred specialties among final-year students. Work-life balance (84.1%), compatibility with family life (78.2%), positive training experiences (85.2%) and future specialty outlook (74.9%) were key factors influencing specialty choice. Only 23.1% of students felt confident about securing a specialty training post, with confidence higher among males (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.52, p<0.0001) and privately educated students (OR 1.18, CI 1.03 to 1.35, p=0.02). Males were also more certain about their career choices (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.31, p<0.0001). Confidence in securing a training place was positively associated with extracurricular achievements, including having a PubMed-indexed publication (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.00, p<0.0001).ConclusionsThis study highlights disparities in specialty preferences and influencing factors among UK medical students. A focus on improving career guidance, exposure to various specialties and supporting equitable access to training opportunities is essential for fostering a motivated and sustainable medical workforce.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between demographic characteristics and extracurricular achievements among UK medical students.DesignNational, cross-sectional survey.SettingAll 44 UK medical schools recognised by the General Medical Council.Participants8,395 medical students.OutcomesBinary indicators of extracurricular engagement, including PubMed-indexed authorship, academic presentations, quality improvement projects, leadership roles and academic prizes. Logistic regression models were used to explore associations with demographic and extracurricular achievement predictors.ResultsLogistic regression analysis showed that students from private schools (OR 1.35, CI 1.20 to 1.53, p<0.0001) and those with a parent or sibling in medicine (OR 1.38, CI 1.12 to 1.69, p=0.002) had notably higher odds of participation in research. Ethnic disparities in raw extracurricular attainment were evident, but largely disappeared when adjusting for other predictors. Males were more likely to hold leadership roles and deliver oral presentations, but no gender differences were seen in publication rates.ConclusionsSignificant disparities in extracurricular achievement exist among UK medical students, principally associated with gender, private schooling and familial links to medicine. Apparent ethnic differences were largely attenuated after adjustment for other variables, indicating socioeconomic factors as stronger predictors of engagement. Given the role of these achievements in postgraduate selection, targeted interventions by medical schools and professional bodies to widen access to funding, mentorship and structured guidance for all students, regardless of perceived advantage, may support equitable opportunity without undermining merit-based standards.