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The size of organic waste materials plays a pivotal role in the composting process, influencing parameters such as decomposition rate, microbial activity, aeration, and nutrient availability. Currently, the study of compost has focused on the degradatiom of organic matter. The study began by varying the sizes of oil palm EFB to 1-3, 3-5, and 5-7 cm. Subsequently, the EFB were placed into a basket composter (33 cm length x 23 cm width x 40 cm height), and active organic liquid fertilizer was added to achieve a moisture content of around 55-65%. The observation period lasted for 60 days. Throughout the composting process, the moisture content was maintained at 55-65% by adding active organic liquid fertilizer, and the composter was turned every 3 days. Analyzed parameters during the composting process included temperature, pH, volatile suspended solids, electrical conductivity, and water holding capacity. The best results were obtained with a cutting size of 3-5 cm, yielding the following values: temperature 26.75 °C, pH 7.5, volatile suspended solids 211,640 mg/L, electrical conductivity 4.05 dS/m, and water holding capacity 65%.

Environmental Sanitation is the health status of an environment which includes sewerage disposal facilities (include septic tank), waste disposal facilities, the provision of clean and drinking water, drainage. Environmental sanitation is requirements for a healthy environment. Sanitation of densely populated settlement in coastal area especially in Indonesia are mostly not in good condition. Sanitation conditions are closely related to public health. Sanitation that does not meet the requirements is the cause of environmental-based diseases like waterborne deseases, one of which is diarrhea. The purpose of this study is to identify the sanitation and public health conditions of people that living in densely populated settlements in the coastal areas of Kangkung sub-district, Bandar Lampung City. Surveys, observations, questionnaires and interviews were conducted to obtain the expected data in this study. The results of this study show that some sanitation conditions in densely populated coastal areas did not meet the requirements of good sanitation (based on SDGs) because the conditions of the houses are so tight that there are poor condition of drainage and the unavailability of waste disposal facilities. There are still The number of diarrhea and another deaseses was high. There are still have diarrhea cases in Kangkung even though they already have a good clean water supply. however, this may be related to the poor condition of garbage disposal and drainage in Kangkung.

The International Conference on Geoscience and Earth Resources Engineering (ICGERE) is an annual event organized by the Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung. The conference serves as a collaborative platform for exchanging knowledge, developing new ideas, and advancing technological innovations. It provides opportunities for academics, professionals, policymakers, and students to discuss recent developments in geoscience and earth resources engineering and to explore future research and industrial directions.The 6th ICGERE (ICGERE 2024) was conducted in a hybrid format on 28–29 August 2024. The on-site sessions took place in Bandung, Indonesia, while virtual participation accommodated keynote speakers who were unable to attend physically. This conference proceeding comprises selected papers presented at the event and subsequently reviewed through a rigorous peer-review process consistent with IOP’s Peer Review Policy.The theme of ICGERE 2024, “Advancing Sustainable Futures: Innovations and Collaborations in Geoscience and Earth Resources Engineering,” reflects the conference’s commitment to addressing current challenges and opportunities in the field. The scope of presentations spanned a wide range of topics, including earth resource exploration, mining engineering, drilling and production engineering, oil and gas management, reservoir engineering, exploration and engineering seismology, global geophysics, metallurgical engineering, geothermal engineering, and hazard mitigation.List of The Organizing Committee is available in this PDF.

The Great Sumatran Fault (GSF) system is arc-parallel strike-slip fault system along the volcanic front related to the oblique subduction of the oceanic Indo-Australian plate. Large earthquakes along the southern GSF since 1892 have been reported, but the Seulimuem segment at the northernmost Sumatran has not produced large earthquakes in the past 100 years. The 200-km-long segment is considered to be a seismic gap. Detailed geological study of the fault and thus its surface trace locations, late Quaternary slip rate, and rupture history are urgently needed for earthquake disaster mitigation in the future. However, finding a suitable area for paleoseismic trenching is an obstacle when the fault traces are not clearly shown on the surface. We have conducted geoelectrical measurement in Lamtamot area of Aceh Besar District in order to locate the fault line for paleoseismic excavation. Apparent resistivity data were collected along 40 m profile parallel to the planned trenching site. The 2D electrical resistivity model provided evidence of some resistivity anomalies by high lateral contrast. This anomaly almost coincides with the topographic scarp which is modified by agriculture on the surface at the northern part of Lamtamot. The steep dipping electrical contrast may correspond to a fault. However, the model does not resolve well evidences from minor faults that can be related to the presence of surface ruptures. A near fault paleoseismic investigation requires trenching across the fault in order to detect and analyze the geological record of the past large earthquakes along the Seulimuem segment.

Ecological technologies such as wetlands constructed for wastewater treatment are innovative solutions for environmental protection and restoration. This study examines a Floating Treatment Wetlands System (FTWs), which is a new treating concept using macrophytes rooted in modified growing aquatic plants with floating systems. An aquatic plant, Actinoscirpus grossus obtained from rice fields in Banda Aceh. FCWs filled with five plants per shoot with five compartments were fed with domestic wastewater with a flow rate of 7 L/hour. Plant height was varied by 90cm - 150cm in Pond 1 and 50cm - 90cm in Pond 2, and Pond 3 was prepared as a control (without plants). Water quality in influent and effluent was analyzed every two weeks with a duration of 18 weeks and nine times sampling. Results showed a decrease in the concentration of nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate in the effluent flow with degradation efficiency (% DE) on average, NO3-N: 76.34%; NH4-N: 97.75%; and PO43-: 89.45%; respectively. The degradation of domestic wastewater showed very significant results. The periodic harvest management process becomes an important part of aquatic plants, Actinoscirpus grossus to achieve optimum results in treating waste, i.e., for 112 days with a maximum plant growth height of 165cm and 173cm for both variations of experimental ponds.

Geothermal energy is considered renewable energy that is environmentally friendly and sustainable compared to the conventional energy from fossil fuels. However, uncontrolled geothermal exploitation can cause a decrease in the groundwater table and reservoir temperature, such as in the Jaboi volcano on Weh Island, where a power plant has been built to generate electrical energy with an estimated power of 50 MWe but still has not been operated. A geophysical survey is needed to determine the local hydrothermal system, including groundwater reserves under the surface which can be used to refill the hydrothermal wells during exploitation. This study measured vertical electrical sounding (VES) data at 15 points near the crater and geothermal power plant. In addition, very-low-frequency (VLF) data that pass through the crater were also collected to determine the presence of other hydrothermal resources such as fractures and faults. The results of the 1D least-square inversion show three subsurface models where groundwater resources with low resistivity (< 1.5 Ωm) are found at a depth of 50–100 m. The same results are also obtained from the 2D cross-section model that impermeable resistive anomalies in alluvial and tuff rocks dominate the near-surface area. The layer after groundwater is an impermeable rock in the form of breccia. The results of 2D VES and VLF modeling also show the presence of the Ceunohot and Leumomate faults, which are beneficial as fluid access to the surface. Based on the data analysis, the combination of VES and VLF data can be used to image shallow hydrothermal systems such as groundwater resources and faults in the Jaboi volcano.

Mineralogical and geochemical variations of kaolin as a product of the weathered Triassic and Jurassic granite from the Belitung Island provided an opportunity to examine the effects of the source area on compositions of deposits. This study deals with the trace and rare-earth elements in kaolinite deposit from Belitung regions. Field observations along with geochemical and mineralogical observations using electron microscope were summarized to document mineralogy and element mobilization during weathering and alteration of granite. The weathering of the Middle Triassic of Tanjungpandan granite produces kaolinite, muscovite and illite, with minor abundances of quartz and muscovite. Lithium (Li) and rare-earth elements (REE) concentration of these kaolin deposits ranging from 5-40 μg/g Li and up to 980 μg/g REE. Kaolin deposits originates from the Jurassic granite yield lower lithium and REE contents. Spectroscopic study of kaolin samples indicates that strong absorption mostly occurs at wavelengths of 1413, 1914 and 2207 nm. We report mass balance profile and the geochemical affinities to better understand the behaviour of elements and genetic links between kaolinite, Li, REE, and metal associations.