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Traditional remedies for the treatment of various ailments are gaining popularity. Traditionally, one of the most valuable therapeutic herbs has been Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. Traditional and folk uses of P. kurroa include chronic constipation, skin-related problems, burning sensation, chronic reoccurring fever, jaundice, heart problems, breathing, digestion, allergy, tuberculosis, blood-related problems, prediabetes and obesity, laxative, cholagogue, and liver stimulatory. Phytoconstituents such as glycosides, alkaloids, cucurbitacins, iridoids, phenolics, and terpenes in P. kurroa have shown promising pharmacological potential. In order to uncover novel compounds that may cure chronic illnesses, such as cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer, respiratory, and hepatoprotective diseases, the screening of P. kurroa is essential. This study comprehensively evaluated the ethnopharmacological efficacy, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, dose, and toxicity of P. kurroa. This review provides comprehensive insights into this traditional medication for future research and therapeutic application. The purpose of this review article was to determine the pharmacological effects of P. kurroa on a variety of disorders. P. kurroa may be a natural alternative to the standard treatment for eradicating newly evolving diseases. This study is intended as a resource for future fundamental and clinical investigations.

The current article deals with the facile yet novel route to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with different weight percentages of chromium as a dopant. The impact of such dopant into the ZnO host lattice is explored in terms of the structural, vibrational, optical, and photocatalytic characteristics. The Bragg reflections in the X-ray diffraction displayed a phase pure wurtzite ZnO hexagonal system. The morphology reflects spherical-shaped ZnO particles in all the systems. The optical analysis ensured a good ultraviolet light absorption and a bandgap energy in the range of 3.30–3.24 eV. The principal Raman vibrations ensured the presence of the wurtzite ZnO crystal structure. The decolorization experiment of methyl green dye with pristine and various chromium-doped ZnO nanoparticles was conducted under the illumination of visible light. The obtained results showed that the incorporation of Cr in the framework significantly improved the photocatalytic performance of ZnO.

In the present work, different nanoparticles spinel ferrite series (MFe 2 O 4 , Co 0.5 M 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 ; M = Co, Mn, Ni, Mg, Cu, or Zn) have been obtained via sonochemical approach. Then, sol–gel method was employed to design core–shell magnetoelectric nanocomposites by coating these nanoparticles with BaTiO 3 (BTO). The structure and morphology of the prepared samples were examined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), and zeta potential. XRD analysis showed the presence of spinel ferrite and BTO phases without any trace of a secondary phase. Both phases crystallized in the cubic structure. SEM micrographs illustrated an agglomeration of spherical grains with nonuniformly diphase orientation and different degrees of agglomeration. Moreover, HR-TEM revealed interplanar d-spacing planes that are in good agreement with those of the spinel ferrite phase and BTO phase. These techniques along with EDX analyses confirmed the successful formation of the desired nanocomposites. Zeta potential was also investigated. The biological influence of (MFe 2 O 4 , CoMFe) MNPs and core–shell (MFe 2 O 4 @BTO, CoMFe@BTO) magnetoelectric nanocomposites were examined by MTT and DAPI assays. Post 48 h of treatments, the anticancer activity of MNPs and MENCs was investigated on human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116) against the cytocompatibility of normal non-cancerous cells (HEK-293). It was established that MNPs possess anti-colon cancer capability while MENCs exhibited a recovery effect due to the presence of a protective biocompatible BTO layer. RBCs hemolytic effect of NPs has ranged from non- to low-hemolytic effect. This effect that could be attributed to the surface charge from zeta potential, also the CoMnFe possesses the stable and lowest zeta potential in comparison with CoFe 2 O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 also to the protective effect of shell. These findings open up wide prospects for biomedical applications of MNPs as anticancer and MENCs as promising drug nanocarriers.

Recent advancements in applications such as natural language processing (NLP), applied linguistics, indexing, data mining, information retrieval, and machine translation have emphasized the need for robust datasets and corpora. While there exist many Arabic corpora, most are derived from social media platforms like X or news sources, leaving a significant gap in datasets tailored to academic research. To address this gap, the ARPD, Arabic Research Papers Dataset, is developed as a specialized resource for Arabic academic research papers. This paper explains the methodology used to construct the dataset, which consists of seven classes and is publicly available in several formats to benefit Arabic research. Experiments conducted on the ARPD dataset demonstrate its performance in classification and clustering tasks. The results show that most of the classical clustering algorithms achieve low performance compared to bio-inspiration algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) based on the Davies–Bouldin index measure. For classification, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm outperformed others, achieving the highest accuracy, with other classifiers ranging from 89% to 99%. These findings highlight the ARPD’s potential to enhance Arabic academic research and support advanced NLP applications.

Careful consideration of material properties used to construct denture base material in removable partial dentures (RPDs) is required for a successful outcome. Because of nylon's flexible nature, nylon denture bases are a widely used alternative material to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) in RPDs. Flexible dentures help with retention by creating a seal around the denture's border. In this study, we review current evidence on flexible dentures and provide an overview of their uses, advantages, and disadvantages. We conducted electronic research of English-language articles written between 2018 and 2023 that addressed the different physical and mechanical properties of flexible dentures. Flexible dentures' water sorption did not exceed ISO standards. Other physical properties we investigated, such as color stability and polymerization shrinkage, were lower in flexible dentures than in PMMA. Mechanical properties showed a lower value compared to PMMA, such as surface roughness and hardness, and impact strength. However, flexural strength was controversial. Retention was better in PMMA compared to flexible dentures. Finally, the retention of acrylic teeth compared to flexible dentures was better with the provision of extra mechanical retention means. Therefore, it is important to examine flexible dentures' properties, indications, advantages, and disadvantages when offering patients this solution.

This research explored how early childhood science education contributes to developing children’s understanding of sustainability, with a particular focus on the concept of the carbon footprint as a tangible indicator of environmental impact. Using a qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 award-winning science teachers from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Jordan, while data was analyzed through grounded theory methodology. Findings revealed that effective integration of sustainability in early science education is achieved when teachers contextualize the carbon footprint concept through everyday classroom activities, link science lessons to real environmental issues, and engage children in experiential learning such as energy-saving practices and waste reduction. The research also revealed that sociocultural factors influence teachers’ implementation of sustainability concepts, highlighting both innovative practices and structural challenges. The research contributes to providing an empirically grounded framework for embedding sustainability and carbon footprint education in early childhood curricula. It recommends designing teacher training programs that equip teachers with practical, developmentally appropriate strategies to promote environmental culture and sustainable behavior from an early age.

Background Bacillus cereus is implicated in severe foodborne infection in humans. This study intended to assess the occurrence, gro EL gene sequencing, biofilm production, and resistance profiles of emerged multidrug resistant (MDR) B. cereus in meat and meat product samples. Moreover, this work highlights the virulence and toxigenic genes ( hbl ABCD complex, nhe ABC complex, cyt K, ces , and pc-plc ) and antimicrobial resistance genes ( bla 1, tet A, bla 2, tet B, and erm A). Methods Consequently, 200 samples (sausage, minced meat, luncheon, beef meat, and liver; n  = 40 for each) were indiscriminately collected from commercial supermarkets in Port Said Province, Egypt, from March to May 2021. Subsequently, food samples were bacteriologically examined. The obtained isolates were tested for gro EL gene sequence analysis, antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm production, and PCR screening of toxigenic and resistance genes. Results The overall prevalence of B. cereus among the inspected food samples was 21%, where the highest predominance was detected in minced meat (42.5%), followed by beef meat (30%). The phylogenetic analysis of the gro EL gene exposed that the examined B. cereus strain disclosed a notable genetic identity with other strains from the USA and China. Moreover, the obtained B. cereus strains revealed β-hemolytic activity, and 88.1% of the recovered strains tested positive for biofilm production. PCR evidenced that the obtained B. cereus strains usually inherited the nhe complex genes ( nhe A and nhe C: 100%, and nhe B: 83.3%), followed by cyt K (76.2%), hbl complex ( hbl C and hbl D: 59.5%, hbl B: 16.6%, and hbl A: 11.9%), ces (54.7%), and pc-plc (30.9%) virulence genes. Likewise, 42.9% of the examined B. cereus strains were MDR to six antimicrobial classes and encoded bla 1, bla 2, erm A, and tet A genes. Conclusion In summary, this study highlights the presence of MDR B. cereus in meat and meat products, posing a significant public health risk. The contamination by B. cereus is common in minced meat and beef meat. The molecular assay is a reliable fundamental tool for screening emerging MDR B. cereus strains in meat and meat products.

This article explored preparatory year program (PYP) teachers’ emotional labor and dissonance in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) setting and this relates to institutional power. It also addressed issues related to the conflict between their professional training, knowledge, and beliefs and the institutional requirements. The final evaluation test of the PYP was used as an example of top-down institutional policies that may conflict with English language teachers’ training and/or pedagogical preferences, thereby producing emotional labor. To illustrate these concepts, the data were analyzed from interviews with 22 EFL teachers at a Saudi university regarding their emotions toward preparing the students for the final evaluation test and the requirements of the institutional power. The results were discussed in light of the following themes: (a) orienting to feeling rules, and (b) adapting to institutional policies, teachers’ preferences, and other beliefs. The findings suggested that teachers exhibited high levels of deep acting and naturally-felt emotions, which could be explained by the idea that teachers internalized their roles. In addition, they showed that teachers may resist the feeling rules of their institution’s policies. This article ends with pedagogical implications and recommendations for further research on emotional labor as a tool of teacher engagement. The researcher's personal reflections and emotion(al) labor were incorporated with engagement with the participants’ accounts.

Minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 (MCM7) is involved in replicative licensing and the synthesis of DNA, and its overexpression is a fascinating biomarker for various cancer types. There is currently no effective agent that can prevent the development of cancer caused by the MCM7 protein. However, on the molecular level, inhibiting MCM7 lowers cancer-related cellular growth. With this purpose, this study screened 452 biogenic compounds extracted from the UEFS Natural Products dataset against MCM protein by using the in silico art of technique. The hit compounds UEFS99, UEFS137, and UEFS428 showed good binding with the MCM7 protein with binding energy values of −9.95, −8.92, and −8.71 kcal/mol, which was comparatively higher than that of the control compound ciprofloxacin (−6.50). The hit (UEFS99) with the minimum binding energy was picked for molecular dynamics (MD) simulation investigation, and it demonstrated stability at 30 ns. Computational prediction of physicochemical property evaluation revealed that these hits are non-toxic and have good drug-likeness features. It is suggested that hit compounds UEFS99, UEFS137, and UEFS428 pave the way for further bench work validation in novel inhibitor development against MCM7 to fight the cancers.

Nitrogen-containing atoms in their core structures have been exclusive building blocks in drug discovery and development. One of the most significant and well-known heterocycles is the 1,3,4-thidiazole nucleus, which is found in a wide range of natural products and therapeutic agents. In the present work, certain tris-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (6, 7) were synthesized through a multi-step synthesis approach. All synthesized compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic tools. Previously, thiadiazole compounds as anti-Toxoplasma gondii agents have been conducted and reported in vitro. However, this is the first study to test the anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of manufactured molecular hybrids thiadiazole in an infected mouse model with the acute RH strain of T. gondii. All the observed results demonstrated compound (7)’s powerful activity, with a considerable reduction in the parasite count reaching 82.6% in brain tissues, followed by liver and spleen tissues (65.35 and 64.81%, respectively). Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines assessments proved that Compound 7 possesses potent antiparasitic effect. Furthermore, docking tests against TgCDPK1 and ROP18 kinase (two major enzymes involved in parasite invasion and egression) demonstrated compound 7’s higher potency compared to compound 6 and megazol. According to the mentioned results, tris-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives under test can be employed as potent antiparasitic agents against the acute RH strain of T. gondii.