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In the present study, the Cu-(1 wt%–6 wt%) Ag alloys were prepared by melting, forging and wire drawing. The effects of plastic deformation on microstructure evolution and properties of the alloys were investigated. The results show that non-equilibrium eutectic colonies exist in the Cu- (3 wt%–6 wt%) Ag alloy and no eutectic colonies in the 1 wt%–2 wt% Ag containing alloys. These eutectic colonies are aligned along the drawing direction and refined with the increase of draw ratio. Attributed to the refinement of eutectic colonies, the Cu-Ag alloy exhibits higher strength with the increase of draw ratio. The Cu-6Ag alloy exhibits excellent comprehensive properties with a strength of 930 MPa and a conductivity of 82 %IACS when the draw ratio reaches 5.7.

In this paper, we show a fast and accurate numerical method for simulating the microwave heating of moving objects, which is still a challenge because of its complicated mathematical model simultaneously coupling electromagnetic field, thermal field, and temperature-dependent moving objects. By contrast with most discrete methods whose dielectric parameters of the heated samples are updated only when they move to a new position or even turn a circle, in our simulations a real-time procedure is added to renew the parameters during the whole heating process. Furthermore, to avoid the mesh-mismatch induced by remeshing the moving objects, we move the cavity instead of samples. To verify the efficiency and accuracy, we compared our method with the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method, one of the most accurate methods for computing this process until now. For the same computation model, our method helps in decreasing the computing time by about 90% with almost the same accuracy. Moreover, the influence of the rotational speed on the microwave heating is systematically investigated by using this method. The results show the widely used speed in domestic microwave ovens, 5 rpm, is indeed a good choice for improving the temperature uniformity with high energy efficiency.

IntroductionHerpes zoster (HZ) vaccinations effectively prevent HZ and may decrease dementia, but HZ vaccine uptake remains poor in China. Rapid verbal persuasion is an innovative intervention, in which physicians offered brief advice to encourage individuals to accept vaccination. This study aims to tailor this intervention to promote HZ vaccination among older adults.Methods and analysisThe proposed study will be a two-arm randomised controlled trial and conducted across four community health centres in Shenzhen, China. A total of 388 participants aged 50 and above will be recruited and assigned to either the intervention arm or the standard-care arm. The primary outcome will be first-dose uptake, recorded within 3 weeks after intervention. The primary outcome will be calculated for each arm and compared using χ2 test.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Southern Medical University (Ethical Approval (2024) No. 90). Our findings will be disseminated to patients, healthcare providers and stakeholders through outreach activities and published in peer-reviewed journals, as well as presented in scientific conferences to inform future research or evidence-based practices for public health promotion.Trial registration numberChinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2500100798). Registered on 15 April 2025.

In this paper, we numerically demonstrated a simple metamaterial for wide-angle and polarization-insensitive absorption in the visible region, which simultaneously showed a strongly suppressed absorption in the near-infrared region. Numerical simulations demonstrated that under normal incidence the proposed absorber had a high absorptivity almost over 90% in the wavelength range from 340 nm to 770 nm, while a low absorptivity less than 10% from 1 μm to 2 μm. Because a small unit cell with four-fold symmetry was utilized, the selective absorption of this nanostructure was almost independent of the incident angle and polarization of the incident light. To understand the underlying physical mechanisms, the impedance and the electromagnetic field distributions in a unit cell were analyzed. Moreover, the influence of the structural geometry parameters on the absorption spectrum was systematically studied. Our results may provide a method for using a simple nanostructure to reduce the radiative heat loss for the visible light thermal conversion, or to depress the temperature rise induced by the absorption of below-bandgap photons for photovoltaic solar cells working in the visible region.

A Cu-0.4Mg (wt.%) alloy with high strength and high conductivity was fabricated by upward continuous casting and multi-pass drawing at room temperature. The microstructure, properties and strengthening mechanism of the Cu-0.4Mg alloy were studied. Results show that Cu-0.4Mg alloy reveals excellent comprehensive properties of ultimate tensile strength of 717 MPa and electrical conductivity of 70.4% IACS. The increment of strength was mainly contributed by grain refinement and dislocation strengthening. As the preparation method is simple and effective, it is a potential method for industrial production.

The poor electronic conductivity of conversion‐type materials (CMs) and the dissolution/diffusion loss of transition metal (TM) ions in electrodes seriously hinder the practical applications of potassium ion batteries. Simply optimizing the electrode materials or designing the electrode components is no longer effective in improving the performance of CMs. Binders, as one of the electrode components, play a vital role in improving the electrochemical performance of batteries. Here we rationally designed FeF2 electrodes for the first time by optimizing electrode materials with the introduction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and combined with a sodium alginate (SA) binder based on strong interactions. We show that the FeF2@CNTs‐SA cathode does not suffer from TM ion dissolution and delivers a high capacity of 184.7 mAh g−1 at 10 mA g−1. Moreover, the capacity of FeF2@CNTs‐SA is as high as 99.2 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1, which is a twofold increase compared to FeF2@CNTs‐PVDF. After calculating the average capacity decay rate per cycle of them, we find that FeF2@CNTs‐SA is about one‐third lower than FeF2@CNTs‐PVDF. Therefore, the SA binder can be broadly used for electrodes comprising several CMs, providing meaningful insights into mechanisms that lead to their improved electrochemical performances. Compared with conventional binders, the sodium alginate binder interacts strongly with the electrode materials to realize an optimized electrode structure resistant to the dissolution of transition metal ions, thus improving the cycling stability of conversion‐type electrode materials.

The poor electronic conductivity of conversion‐type materials (CMs) and the dissolution/diffusion loss of transition metal (TM) ions in electrodes seriously hinder the practical applications of potassium ion batteries. Simply optimizing the electrode materials or designing the electrode components is no longer effective in improving the performance of CMs. Binders, as one of the electrode components, play a vital role in improving the electrochemical performance of batteries. Here we rationally designed FeF 2 electrodes for the first time by optimizing electrode materials with the introduction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and combined with a sodium alginate (SA) binder based on strong interactions. We show that the FeF 2 @CNTs‐SA cathode does not suffer from TM ion dissolution and delivers a high capacity of 184.7 mAh g −1 at 10 mA g −1 . Moreover, the capacity of FeF 2 @CNTs‐SA is as high as 99.2 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g −1 , which is a twofold increase compared to FeF 2 @CNTs‐PVDF. After calculating the average capacity decay rate per cycle of them, we find that FeF 2 @CNTs‐SA is about one‐third lower than FeF 2 @CNTs‐PVDF. Therefore, the SA binder can be broadly used for electrodes comprising several CMs, providing meaningful insights into mechanisms that lead to their improved electrochemical performances.

Laser surface treatment was applied to a Ti-added interstitial-free steel by linear-scanning. The distance between each linear scan was 1.5 mm and the width of the laser-modified zone for each scan was 1 mm. These process parameters result in a heterogeneous surface, containing hard laser-modified lamella separated by non-treated material. It is found that after the treatment, higher strength and good ductility can be obtained. Electron channelling contrast imaging was used to investigate the structure of the sample, which was then compared with the untreated one to reveal the origin of the improved mechanical behaviour of the laser surface-treated steel.

The 80's and 90's have been a remarkable period for the Chinese, on the mainland, in Taiwan and in Hong Kong alike. During the period great changes have taken place, in the political, economic and cultural arenas as well as in people's daily life. All these changes have their reflections in the Chinese language as information carrier, notably the Chinese words. The concern of the present thesis is at once synchronic, as it presents the current state, and diachronic, as it tries to capture the change over the two decades. Horizontally the thesis looks at the three-Chinese communities on the mainland, in Taiwan and in Hong Kong respectively. It tries to identify the common base and the differences on the surface. The data presented in the thesis are derived primarily from the Chinese language corpus of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, containing over 5,000,000 character “tokens” and over 60,000 word “types” or entries, and secondarily from the author's own collection. The thesis benefits from the methods practised in the various sub-fields in the broad area of language studies, including descriptive linguistics, contrastive linguistics and socio-linguistics, as well as traditional Chinese lexicology and dialectology. The thesis consists of 7 chapters. Chapter 1 states the aim, approach and method of the thesis and briefly reviews work in the area in question. Chapter 2 analyses the current state of the lexicon in all three communities and identifies a common base. Chapters 3–6 trace the development of the sub-lexicons for the three communities, including their comparison and interaction. Thus Chapters 3, 4 and 5 look at the development on the mainland, in Hong Kong and in Taiwan respectively, while Chapter 6 describes the interaction among the three communities. Chapter 7, the last chapter, summarizes the thesis by listing out the main findings and speculates on the future development of the Chinese lexicon.

The interface reaction between the SiC particles （ SiCp ） and Fe was stndicd during sintering the SiCp reinforced Fe matrix composites at 1423 K for 1 h. In the composite having 3wt% （weight ratio） SiCp （the 3SiCp/ Fe composite）, the interface reaction products of Fe3 Si, the carbon precipitates, and Fe3 C or pearlite were generated. Fe3 Si coustructs the bright matrix of the reaction zone in the original situation of the SiCp. The carbon precipitates are randondy embedded in the reaction zone. Fe3 C or pearlite exists at the grain boundaries of the Fe matrix. As increasing the SiCp concentration in the SiCp/ Fe composite, the inteusity of the interface reaction between SiCp and Fe iacreases. After the 10SiCp/ Fe composite （ having 10wt .% SiCp ） sintered at 1423 K for 1 h, all of SiCp are decomposed, and replaced by the reaction zone composed of Fe3 Si and the carbon precipitates. No Fe3 C or pearlite was genertaed during the reaction. The effects of the techniques of oxidizing of SiCp , coating SiCp by interaction with the Cr powder, and alloying the Fe matrix by adding the Cr element on the interface stability of the SiCp/ Fe composite system were also investigated, respectitely. The oxide membrane and the coating layer on SiCp can inhibit the interface reaction between SiCp and Fe by isolating SiCp from the Fe matrix during sintering. The interface reaction does not occur in the 3 SiCp/ Fe- 10 Cr composite but in the 3 SiCp/ Fe-5 Cr composite. In the SiCp/ Fe-Cr alloy composites, the interface reaction between SiCp and the Fe- Cr alloys is weaker than that between SiCp and Fe . The Cr element behaves as a diluent, it causes a redaction in the interface reaction, which is proportional to the amount of the element added.