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"Thomas, Christian"
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The molecular–physiological functions of mineral macronutrients and their consequences for deficiency symptoms in plants
The visual deficiency symptoms developing on plants constitute the ultimate manifestation of suboptimal nutrient supply. In classical plant nutrition, these symptoms have been extensively used as a tool to characterise the nutritional status of plants and to optimise fertilisation. Here we expand this concept by bridging the typical deficiency symptoms for each of the six essential macronutrients to their molecular and physiological functionalities in higher plants. We focus on the most recent insights obtained during the last decade, which now allow us to better understand the links between symptom and function for each element. A deep understanding of the mechanisms underlying the visual deficiency symptoms enables us to thoroughly understand how plants react to nutrient limitations and how these disturbances may affect the productivity and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. A proper interpretation of visual deficiency symptoms will support the potential for sustainable crop intensification through the development of new technologies that facilitate automatised management practices based on imaging technologies, remote sensing and in-field sensors, thereby providing the basis for timely application of nutrients via smart and more efficient fertilisation.
Journal Article
Trade-Offs Between Commuting Time and Health-Related Activities
To further understand documented associations between obesity and urban sprawl, this research describes individuals’ trade-offs between health-related activities and commuting time. A cross-section of 24,861 working-age individuals employed full-time and residing in urban counties is constructed from the American Time Use Survey (2003–2010). Data are analyzed using seemingly unrelated regressions to quantify health-related activity decreases in response to additional time spent commuting. Outcomes are total daily minutes spent in physical activity at a moderate or greater intensity, preparing food, eating meals with family, and sleeping. Commuting time is measured as all travel time between home and work and vice versa. The mean commuting time is 62 min daily, the median is 55 min, and 10.1% of workers commute 120 min or more. Spending an additional 60 min daily commuting above average is associated with a 6% decrease in aggregate health-related activities and spending an additional 120 min is associated with a 12% decrease. The greatest percentage of commuting time comes from sleeping time reductions (28–35%). Additionally, larger proportions of commuting time are taken from physical activity and food preparation relative to the mean commuting length: of 60 min spent commuting, 16.1% is taken from physical activity and 4.1% is taken from food preparation; of 120 min commuting, 20.3% is taken from physical activity and 5.6% is taken from food preparation. The results indicate that longer commutes are associated with behavioral patterns which over time may contribute to obesity and other poor health outcomes. These findings will assist both urban planners and researchers wishing to understand time constraints’ impacts on health.
Journal Article
Hummus to halva : recipes from a Levantine kitchen
Passionate about hummus, Ronen Givon and Christian Mouysset celebrate the versatile and healthy dip. A true staple of the Middle East and the Mediterranean they venture further afield than your standard supermarket selection to bring out surprising and delicious flavour combinations to tickle the tastebuds. Enter into Ronen and Christian's Levantine Kitchen to learn how to make the perfect hummus every time, the ultimate hummus swirl and hummus toppings from different world cuisines to spice them up. As well as this there are recipes for soups, salads and sauces and Mediterranean favourites such as falafel, flatbreads, labaneh, tabouleh and green tahini. With over 60 recipes to impress friends and family with a varied mezze spread, this is an essential for any cookery shelf. Hummus is a star; not just a delicious dip. Chapters include: The Levantine Kitchen, Making Hummus, Toppings for Hummus, Falafel and Wraps, Soups, Born and raised in Israel on a kibbutz, Ronen became obsessed with hummus as a teenager. Exploring different hummus places in Tel Aviv to taste and discuss which hummus was the best, hummus for Ronen is a reminder of groups coming together to eat and indulge in one of the world's cheapest and most versatile ingredients. Salads, Breads and Sauces, Desserts, Drinks and Quick Snacks. Hummus with Everything also includes a free-from list to making meal planning as easy as possible.
Book
Satellite mapping reveals extensive industrial activity at sea
The world’s population increasingly relies on the ocean for food, energy production and global trade
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, yet human activities at sea are not well quantified
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. We combine satellite imagery, vessel GPS data and deep-learning models to map industrial vessel activities and offshore energy infrastructure across the world’s coastal waters from 2017 to 2021. We find that 72–76% of the world’s industrial fishing vessels are not publicly tracked, with much of that fishing taking place around South Asia, Southeast Asia and Africa. We also find that 21–30% of transport and energy vessel activity is missing from public tracking systems. Globally, fishing decreased by 12 ± 1% at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and had not recovered to pre-pandemic levels by 2021. By contrast, transport and energy vessel activities were relatively unaffected during the same period. Offshore wind is growing rapidly, with most wind turbines confined to small areas of the ocean but surpassing the number of oil structures in 2021. Our map of ocean industrialization reveals changes in some of the most extensive and economically important human activities at sea.
Satellite imagery, vessel GPS data and deep-learning models are used to map industrial fishing vessel activities missing from public tracking systems and changes in offshore energy infrastructure in the world’s coastal waters during 2017–2021.
Journal Article
Introduction: The Art of Adaptation in Film and Video Games
Dennis Cutchins (2018) Studying the transformative journey of content from one genre or medium to another is of interest to academics, members of the public who are avid consumers of media, and practitioners of adaptation—and we are all practitioners, whether delivering a message by email originally intended to be spoken, or adapting a book (like S. A. Corey’s science fiction novel Leviathan Wakes) into a television series (like Mark Fergus and Hawk Ostby’s The Expanse) into a video game (like The Expanse: A Telltale Series). Thomas (2021b) also discusses Star Wars video games as part of a wide-ranging interview with acclaimed game designer Ryan Kaufman, who is currently VP of Narrative at mobile game studio Jam City, and former Creative Director at Telltale Games. (2020) study three texts relating to Finnish forests—the film Tale of a Forest (2012), the book Tale of a Forest (2013), and a series of short documentaries called Tales from the Forest (2013)—with a focus on how each works as an environmentally conscious narrative. The film, for instance, presents images of primeval Finnish forests (which can be considered nostalgic and escapist, but still promote awareness about ecological issues), while the book and documentary series take alternative approaches, such as discussing contemporary forestry practices in an attempt to educate audiences.
Journal Article
HMGA2 Variants in Silver-Russell Syndrome: Homozygous and Heterozygous Occurrence
Abstract
Context
Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a clinical and molecular heterogeneous disorder associated with short stature, typical facial gestalt, and body asymmetry. Though molecular causes of SRS can be identified in a significant number of patients, about one-half of patients currently remain without a molecular diagnosis. However, determination of the molecular cause is required for a targeted treatment and genetic counselling.
Objective
The aim of this study was to corroborate the role of HMGA2 as an SRS-causing gene and reevaluate its mode of inheritance.
Design, Setting, Patients
Patients were part of an ongoing study aiming on SRS-causing genes. They were classified according to the Netchine-Harbison clinical scoring system, and DNA samples were investigated by whole exome sequencing. Common molecular causes of SRS were excluded before.
Results
Three novel pathogenic HMGA2 variants were identified in 5 patients from 3 SRS families, and fulfilling diagnostic criteria of SRS. For the first time, homozygosity for a variant in HMGA2 could be identified in a severely affected sibpair, whereas parents carrying heterozygous variants had a mild phenotype. Treatment with recombinant growth hormone led to a catch-up growth in 1 patient, whereas all others did not receive growth hormone and stayed small. One patient developed type 2 diabetes at age 30 years.
Conclusions
Identification of novel pathogenic variants confirms HMGA2 as an SRS-causing gene; thus, HMGA2 testing should be implemented in molecular SRS diagnostic workup. Furthermore, inheritance of HMGA2 is variable depending on the severity of the variant and its consequence for protein function.
Journal Article