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The Wood Turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) is an endangered species in the state of Iowa and a species of conservation concern across their entire range. The Iowa population is characterized by high levels of adult and egg predation, displays little or no annual recruitment, and harbors an extremely low number of juveniles (7.3%). Home range and habitat usage studies of hatchling and juvenile Wood Turtles are limited to a few studies, and only one study of juveniles exists from the state of Iowa. Over a 10 yr period, we conducted a radiotelemetry study in Iowa on seven juvenile wood turtles for 32–182 weeks, and a 6-week study on six head-started hatchlings to determine home range sizes and habitat usage patterns and to provide comparisons with similar studies on adult Wood Turtles. Mean home range sizes of hatchling Wood Turtles were significantly smaller than the mean home range of older juvenile turtles for 100%, 95%, and 50% minimum convex polygons (MCPs), for 95% and 50% kernel density estimators (KDEs), and for linear home range (LHR) and stream home range (SHR). Habitat usage patterns of hatchlings and juveniles also differed. During periods of terrestrial activity, older juveniles utilized grass and forb clearings significantly more frequently than did hatchlings, and hatchlings used riverbank habitat more frequently than did juvenile turtles. In addition, juveniles were, on average, located significantly farther from the stream than were hatchlings. Our study provides important data on the home range size and habitat usage patterns of two under-represented age classes of this endangered species. These data will inform conservation agencies regarding relevant habitat protection and age-class management strategies of riparian areas that are necessary for the continued survival and protection of this imperiled species.

This paper examines the structures of capitalism in Southeast Asia. Following the lead of Gordon Redding and others, it argues that parallel to varieties of capitalism elsewhere, there are distinctive features to the Southeast Asian business system, but that institutions play a relatively large role compared to firm specific resources or industry structures. Historically, with the exception of Thailand all the countries in the region are former colonies. All including Thailand share a distinctive style of nationalism, and partly as a result of this, all are governed by states that claim to be strong and lay wide claims but whose capacities are low. Typical features of the region, particularly the roles of large business groups and the Chinese minority, also can be interpreted as a result of this history. One of the outcomes of the analysis is an extension of the varieties of capitalism approach along the dimensions of state capacity and state direction, and of the approach to the internationalizing firm along the dimensions of dynamic capacity and control of subsidiaries. A further outcome is a questioning of the traditional picture of indigenous Southeast Asian business people as lacking in entrepreneurial skills, or more broadly of Southeast Asian nations as lacking in entrepreneurial values. Rather, the past history of these countries has resulted in a set of structures that militate against successful entrepreneurial activity.

The purpose of this paper is to consider the role of culture in international business studies, viewed from the perspective of textbooks in the field. This paper analyses the separate chapters on the role of culture in 19 survey texts in international business at three levels: factual assertions; social and historical interpretations; and application of general theories. Although all textbooks in international business emphasize the importance of culture, the survey reveals serious weaknesses at all three levels, including straightforward errors of fact, more subtle errors of interpretation, and serious problems with definitions and application of theories of cultural difference. The weaknesses are strikingly consistent, and the paper examines a range of possible common causes. Imbricated in the professional structures of the field, the authors appear to be under pressure from publishers, they share a US-centred bias, and they appear professionally isolated. Parallel to theories of nationalism and some postcolonial theorists, it can be argued that the implicit purpose of the texts is not to engage sympathetically with actual cultural differences, but rather to mould the next generation of American managers into a common pattern, by identifying an exotic cultural Other against which students will form their new identity. One of the consequences is that it does not matter greatly to the authors whether other cultures are presented accurately, or not. In practical terms, however, cultural differences are important and are recognized as such in international business studies, and so there is reason to hope that the texts will be improved.

This study reviews the research on foreign business management in China and analyzes 193 articles published in English in 13 academic journals between 1980 and 2008. The studies were classified based on the type of research, the main topic, and the methods employed. The studies were then mapped and their key research findings and conclusions were highlighted. A three-stage model of market transition was developed to contextualize the work, and this helps explain the shifting focuses in the literature and identify directions for future research.

Foreign investment in China has increased rapidly since 1979, when China began pursuing the open door policy. By the end of 1995, China had approved 260,000 foreign-invested enterprises with a realized investment value of $135 billion. In 1995 China absorbed some 40% of the total of $100 billion of direct foreign investment flowing into developing countries. This massive flow of resources is one of the most significant economic facts in the world today, and it raises important theoretical issues as well. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of DFI in China is presented, and the factors behind the differences among major investing countries and regions are discussed. Using firm-level data and other more highly aggregated sources, the distribution of foreign investment by investing country, industry, region in China, project size, and entry mode is described, and some of the major interpretations are considered in light of the results.

The UCNA experiment was designed to measure the neutron β-asymmetry parameter A 0 using polarized ultracold neutrons (UCN). UCN produced via downscattering in solid deuterium were polarized via transport through a 7 T magnetic field, and then directed to a 1 T solenoidal electron spectrometer, where the decay electrons were detected in electron detector packages located on the two ends of the spectrometer. A value for A 0 was then extracted from the asymmetry in the numbers of counts in the two detector packages. We summarize all of the results from the UCNA experiment, obtained during run periods in 2007, 2008–2009, 2010, and 2011–2013, which ultimately culminated in a 0.67% precision result for A 0 .

High performance communications, sensing and computing systems are growing exponentially as modern life continues to rely more and more on technology. One of the factors that are currently limiting computing and transmission speeds are copper wire interconnects between devices. Optical fiber interconnects would greatly increase the speed of today’s electronic devices. In this study it has been demonstrated that by using a new Direct Print Additive Manufacturing (DPAM) process of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) of plastic and micro-dispensing of pastes and inks, we can 3D print single and multi-mode optical fibers in a controlled manner such that compact, 3-dimensional optical interconnects can be printed along non-lineal paths. We are FDM printing the core materials from a plastic PMMA material. We are dispensing a urethane optical adhesive as the core material. These materials are available in many different refractive indices. During numerical simulations of these fibers, we were able to show through manipulation of the refractive indices of the core and cladding that we can also improve the bend performance of our fibers. As a result, they can perform better as an interconnect in tight routings between components as long as the interconnect fiber distances remain less than 1 meter. Fibers have been fabricated with diameters between 77 and 17 µm across an air gap with a surface roughness of less than 450 nm and cladded and tested with transmission rates of about 46%. 12 µm fibers have successfully been fabricated on a cladded surface as a proof of concept to test the small diameter and 3D shaping capability of this process.

The approach towards organisational analysis has changed in recent years in Britain: there is a perceptible attempt to integrate the subject with general social theory and with industrial sociology and industrial relations. The study of educational institutions lags behind when it comes to treating schools and colleges as workplaces and staff as 'at work'. Two starling points for up-dating the field could be the latter's orientation to employment and the design of their work.