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Among the different methods for orienting liquid crystal (LC) molecules, adding nanoparticles into the matrix of the substrate material towards modifying its surface, is actively pursued. In this context, the influence of the nanoparticle content on the texture of the surface of polymer film used as the substrate for the LC orientation is of particular interest. Thus, in the current paper, WS2 nanotubes were used to dope the polyimide (PI) substrate-film in order to modify and control its surface morphology/roughness and properties. The modified organic surface structure is applied in order to achieve a new means for controlling the orientation of the LC molecules. This tool adds to the classical methods for controlling the orientation of the LC molecules, such as the display technique.

It is well known that among the materials used in the daily lives of individuals and also in industrial applications, the specific structures applied in biomedicine occupy a special place. It is connected with the possibility to expand our basic physical-chemical knowledge and regarded to the real application of novel structures in the interdisciplinary arena. In this paper, a comparative study is conducted on the influence of different materials: sugar, DNA, WS2 nanoparticles, dyes—on the rotation of the plane of polarization of light. Firstly, this effect is shown namely for a liquid crystal mixture doped with WS2 nanotubes. On the one hand, it is shown that the new materials are quite suitable for use in sugar-meters and polarimeter devices instead of sugar solutions. On the other hand, the rotation of the plane of polarization of light in solutions with DNA and WS2 nanoparticles in water or in the liquid crystal mixture can predict a larger angle of the rotation of the polarization plane of the light and can find a better design than in volumetric classical sugar solutions. This makes it possible to expand the application of these materials to the technical devices.

It is known that a material’s volume and the surface structuring by the nanoparticles causes a significant change in the material’s basic properties. In this aspect, the structuration of the surface of semiconductors is of interest, because their wide potential application in optoelectronics can extend the products’ transparency, hardness, wettability, and other important parameters. This paper presents possible methods for the surface modification of zinc selenide and zinc sulfide when carbon nanotubes are deposited on the surface by the application of the laser-oriented technique. It also shows changes of the spectral, mechanical, and wetting characteristics of the considered materials. Using the molecular dynamic simulations, the possible process of the carbon nanotubes penetration into the considered surfaces is presented. The simulation results are partially supported by the obtained experimental data.

Due to difficulties in obtaining monomaterials, intensive research into the properties of ceramic compositions has been undertaken, along with developments to the properties of the compositions. These are not inferior to monomeric structures for a number of basic parameters. Among the different types of ceramics, magnesium fluoride and zinc sulfide occupy a special place due to their unique properties and specific applications. In this paper, we studied functional optoelectronics and modulating technique elements based on the advanced ceramics MgF2 and ZnS. The results of the transmittance spectral parameters and the contact angle estimation as well as an AFM analysis of the studied ceramics, both pure and structured with carbon nanotubes, are presented. We observed that the main characteristics of the studied materials with a surface modified by carbon nanotubes could be significantly changed when an innovative laser-oriented deposition method was applied. This method permitted the CNTs to be deposited in a vertical position on the material surface. The main features of the carbon nanotubes—such as the smaller value of the refractive index, the greater strength between the carbon atoms, and the effective surface—were taken into consideration. The analytical, quantum chemical, and experimental results of the studies of the changes in the basic physical parameters of the selected model of the inorganic matrices of the ceramics are given.

Due to difficulties in obtaining monomaterials, intensive research into the properties of ceramic compositions has been undertaken, along with developments to the properties of the compositions. These are not inferior to monomeric structures for a number of basic parameters. Among the different types of ceramics, magnesium fluoride and zinc sulfide occupy a special place due to their unique properties and specific applications. In this paper, we studied functional optoelectronics and modulating technique elements based on the advanced ceramics MgF and ZnS. The results of the transmittance spectral parameters and the contact angle estimation as well as an AFM analysis of the studied ceramics, both pure and structured with carbon nanotubes, are presented. We observed that the main characteristics of the studied materials with a surface modified by carbon nanotubes could be significantly changed when an innovative laser-oriented deposition method was applied. This method permitted the CNTs to be deposited in a vertical position on the material surface. The main features of the carbon nanotubes-such as the smaller value of the refractive index, the greater strength between the carbon atoms, and the effective surface-were taken into consideration. The analytical, quantum chemical, and experimental results of the studies of the changes in the basic physical parameters of the selected model of the inorganic matrices of the ceramics are given.

It is well known that among the materials used in the daily lives of individuals and also in industrial applications, the specific structures applied in biomedicine occupy a special place. It is connected with the possibility to expand our basic physical-chemical knowledge and regarded to the real application of novel structures in the interdisciplinary arena. In this paper, a comparative study is conducted on the influence of different materials: sugar, DNA, WS[sub.2] nanoparticles, dyes—on the rotation of the plane of polarization of light. Firstly, this effect is shown namely for a liquid crystal mixture doped with WS[sub.2] nanotubes. On the one hand, it is shown that the new materials are quite suitable for use in sugar-meters and polarimeter devices instead of sugar solutions. On the other hand, the rotation of the plane of polarization of light in solutions with DNA and WS[sub.2] nanoparticles in water or in the liquid crystal mixture can predict a larger angle of the rotation of the polarization plane of the light and can find a better design than in volumetric classical sugar solutions. This makes it possible to expand the application of these materials to the technical devices.

In this paper the investigation devoted to study and development of the optimized ITO conducting layers are presented and discussed under the conditions of the materials surfaces laser structuration in order to apply the modified conducting materials in the optoelectronics, virus protection, solar energy, microscopy, biomedicine, etc. area. Based on our knowledge and expertise it is established the dramatic change of the main characteristics of the ITO matrix, which surface is modified by the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and additionally treated by surface electromagnetic waves (SEW) as well. The transmittance and reflection spectral change, increase of the micro hardness and laser strength as well as the increase of the wetting angle and refraction change are discussed due to the covalent bonding between the carbon nanotubes and the near-surface atoms of the matrix materials. As the unique point of the study the effective decrease of the resistivity is established and presented. Quantum chemical simulations are supported the data presented.

Luminescent, heterometallic terbium(III)–lutetium(III) terephthalate metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized via direct reaction between aqueous solutions of disodium terephthalate and nitrates of corresponding lanthanides by using two methods: synthesis from diluted and concentrated solutions. For (TbxLu1−x)2bdc3·nH2O MOFs (bdc = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) containing more than 30 at. % of Tb3+, only one crystalline phase was formed: Ln2bdc3·4H2O. At lower Tb3+ concentrations, MOFs crystallized as the mixture of Ln2bdc3·4H2O and Ln2bdc3·10H2O (diluted solutions) or Ln2bdc3 (concentrated solutions). All synthesized samples that contained Tb3+ ions demonstrated bright green luminescence upon excitation into the 1ππ* excited state of terephthalate ions. The photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) of the compounds corresponding to the Ln2bdc3 crystalline phase were significantly larger than for Ln2bdc3·4H2O and Ln2bdc3·10H2O phases due to absence of quenching from water molecules possessing high-energy O-H vibrational modes. One of the synthesized materials, namely, (Tb0.1Lu0.9)2bdc3·1.4H2O, had one of the highest PLQY among Tb-based MOFs, 95%.

New heterometallic antenna terephthalate MOFs, namely, (EuxM1−x)2bdc3·4H2O (M = Y, La, Gd) (x = 0.001–1), were synthesized by a one-step method from aqueous solutions. The resulting compounds are isomorphic to each other; the crystalline phase corresponds to Ln2bdc3∙4H2O. Upon 300 nm excitation to the singlet excited state of terephthalate ions, all compounds exhibit a bright red emission corresponding to the of 5D0–7FJ (J = 0–4) f-f transitions of Eu3+ ions. The Eu(III) concentration dependence of the photophysical properties was carefully studied. We revealed that Gd-doping results in photoluminescence enhancement due to the heavy atom effect. To quantitatively compare the antenna effect among different compounds, we proposed the new approach, where the quantum yield of the 5D0 formation is used to characterize the efficiency of energy transfer from the ligand antenna to the Eu3+ emitter.

The sorption properties of polymers and the mobility of penetrants are the main factors which determine the trans-membrane processes. Other factors concern the membrane material structure and chemical nature. In this paper, we consider the case of polymers with similar structure units, namely a polymer and its pre-polymer (polybenzoxazinoneimide and imide-containing polyamic acid). The available experimental data show a great difference in the pervaporation process using these two polymeric membranes. Some explanation of this difference can be found at the atomic-level study. A comparative analysis of the diffusion of water and isopropanol molecules was carried out using the density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations