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\"Develops a new theory of 'identity' ecological modernization (EM), to analyse renewable history and policy development in many of the world's states which are leading the drive to install renewable energy. 'Identity EM' concerns how an industry has arisen allied to environmental NGOs to challenge the ascendancy of conventional energy technologies\"-- Provided by publisher.

This paper analyses the performance of two cases of renewable energy (RE) auction/tender systems in an effort to contribute to the evaluation of RE auction/tender systems and to study best practice in their delivery of RE projects. This is done by comparing regimes in different settings, one concerned with Danish offshore wind development, the other concerned with renewable energy development in South Africa. It is found that regulatory factors which promote certainty in deployment, including measures to ensure that projects achieve grid connection, are important in assuring delivery of the programmes. However cost reductions that are associated with renewable energy auctions are not caused mainly by the auction systems themselves, but rather are associated with general declines in the costs of renewable energy technologies. Moreover, the effect of renewable energy auctions systems may be more concerned with limiting renewable energy deployment rather than reducing the costs of energy generated by renewable energy projects that are deployed.

China, a still developing economy comprising a fifth of the world's population, will play a key role in the global movement towards reducing carbon emissions. The aims of the Paris Agreement may stand or fall with China, both for its own contribution and the example it will set the developing world. China's Role in Reducing Carbon Emissions discusses the prospects for China achieving radical reductions in carbon emissions, within the context of the current economic and political landscape. With a particular focus on technologies such as such as wind power, solar power and electric vehicles, Toke examines how China is transitioning to a state of stable energy consumption via a service-based economy and heavy investment in non-fossil energy sources. The book concludes that China may be set to reduce its carbon emissions by approximately two-thirds by 2050. This book is a valuable resource for students and scholars of climate change, sustainable development, political science and energy, as well as energy professionals seeking to understand the implications of recent developments in China.

Low Carbon Politics focuses on how policies and institutions have influenced the deployment of renewable energy and nuclear power in the electricity sector. Cultural theory is used to analyse this. Egalitarian pressures have had a profound influence on technological outcomes, not merely in securing the deployment of renewable energy but also in increasing the costs of nuclear power. Whereas in the 1970s it might have been expected that individualist, market based pressures allied to dominant hierarchies would deliver nuclear power as the main response to problems associated with fossil fuels, a surprising combination has emerged. Egalitarian and individualist pressures are, together, leading to increasing levels of deployment of renewable energy. This work finds that electricity monopolies tend to favour nuclear power whereas competitive arrangements are more likely to lead to more renewable energy being deployed. It covers developments in a number of countries including USA, UK, China, South Africa and also Germany and Denmark. This book will be of great relevance to students, academics and policymakers with an interest in energy policy, low carbon politics and climate change.

The British government has restructured Britain's electricity markets through a programme of electricity market reform (EMR). Energy security and climate change mitigation are public goods that are prioritised. Cultural theory (CT) is used to explain changes in the regulatory regime under EMR. EMR involves an incomplete shift from 'individualist' to 'hierarchical' frames of regulation. Conflicts between these frames hamper the institutional design of EMR. This has obstructed deployment of nuclear power. Policymakers must fit the cultural framing to suit their preferred public good and not expect a defined public good to emerge from a preferred mix of cultural bias.

Concerns about climate change, diminishing social acceptance of traditional fuels, and technological innovations have led several countries to pursue energy transition strategies, typically by massive diffusion of renewable electricity supplies. The German ‘Energiewende’ has been successful so far in terms of deploying renewable power, mainly by applying particular feed-in tariffs, and by bundling public, academic, industrial and political support. So far though, only few EU member states proceed with a similar transition. In March 2014 CEOs of Europe’s major energy companies publicly opposed a fast and thorough transformation of electricity supplies to become fully renewable. In April 2014 the European Commission published new state aid guidelines, generally mandating renewable energy support mechanisms (premiums, tenders) of lesser performance than regularly adjusted, specific feed-in tariffs. The new guidelines are likely to be pernicious for the fast deployment of renewable electricity supplies. In light of these challenges, this position paper highlights two implications of power sector transitions. First, the engineering-economics theory of power generation systems needs fundamental revision, mainly since a growing share of power sources no longer function on command. Second, and based on the experience in Germany, the paper sketches out a strategy for a thorough transition of the power sector, which, in the end, also entails normative judgements. Deep changes in energy systems and associated ways of living require societal consensus building based on ethical considerations.

There is a discussion among political scientists about the extent to which there are differences in policy styles between western European states, including in particular whether they share common means of consulting and deciding policy through policy networks. This article studies the differences in policy consultation approaches between Denmark and the United Kingdom in the case of renewable energy. It further examines whether consultation patterns differ in the policy formation and policy implementation phases. It is found that while in both Danish and British cases there is decision making through policy communities, there are still some clear differences in the ways in which consultation takes place and decisions are made at the levels of both policy formation and policy implementation.

The aim of the book is to analyse the factors that have influenced wind power outcomes in a range of countries which have featured significant wind power deployment programmes. A central theme is the relationship between patterns of ownership and the outcomes. These flow from different social environments, but they are associated with different types of planning outcome and deployment rates. Grass roots ownership is more widespread than is commonly thought, although it is not a panacea for effective wind power programmes. Financial policies used to promote wind power also have important influences of the rates of deployment. However, what seems to be most important for wind power deployment is a double coincidence of widespread social support for wind power deployment and effective financial support systems for wind power. Chapter 1: Assessing National Paterns of Wind Ownership Peter A. Strachan, David Toke & David Lal Chapter 2: Wind Power Outcomes: Myths and Reality Dave Toke Chapter 3: Local Social Acceptance Through Local Involvement: The Case of Wind Power Implementation North Rhine-Westphalia Sylvia Breukers Chapter 4: The Wind Power Market in the Netherlands: Assessing the Performance of Wind Cooperatives Susanne Agterbosch Chapter 5: Corporate Interests and Spanish Wind Power Deployment Valentina Dinica Chapter 6: Wind Energy Policy Development in Ireland: A Critical Analysis Brian P. Ó Gallachóir, Morgan Bazilian & Eamon J. McKeogh Chapter 7: Assessing the Performance of the UK Renewable Obligation: Cinderella or an Ugly Sister? Afolabi Otitoju, Peter Strachan & David Toke Chapter 8: Gone With the Wind? Prospects of Community Owned Wind Energy in the United States Dennis Tänzler Chapter 9: The Development of Wind Power in the Netherlands and Denmark: The Impact of Different Innovation Strategies and Policies Linda M. Kamp Peter A. Strachan is a Professor in Corporate Environmental Management at the Aberdeen Business School, Scotland. He has published one book, many articles in top academic journals, and is the joint founding editor of the journal Progress in Industrial Ecology: An International Journal. David Toke is Senior Lecturer in Environmental Policy at the University of Birmingham. He has had four books, over thirty journal articles and many chapters, reports and journalistic articles published on environmental, especially energy-related, issues. His work is widely cited and influential in both academic and public policy circles. David Lal is Dean and Professor at the Kazakh-British Technical University in Almaty (Kazakhstan), and is currently on secondment from the Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen, Scotland. He has published several book chapters and a series of articles in top academic journals.