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"Tooley, Michael H"
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Engineering Science
Focusing primarily on core topics in mechanical and electrical science, students enrolled on a wide range of higher education engineering courses at undergraduate level will find Engineering Science, second edition, an invaluable aid to their learning.
With updated and expanded content, this new edition covers sections on the mechanics of materials, dynamics, thermodynamics, electrostatics and electromagnetic principles, and a.c./d.c. circuit theory. Entirely new sections are devoted to the study of gyroscopes and the effect of applied torques on their behaviour, and the use of Laplace transformation as a tool for modelling complex networks of inductance, capacitance and resistance. In addition, a new overview of the decibel (dB) introduces a handy technique for expressing logarithmic ratios.
Knowledge-check and review questions, along with activities, are included throughout the book, and the necessary background mathematics is integrated alongside the appropriate areas of engineering. The result is a clear and easily accessible textbook that encourages independent study and covers the essential scientific principles that students will meet at this level.
The book is supported with a companion website for students and lecturers at www.key2engineeringscience.com, and it includes:
Solutions to the Test Your Knowledge and Review Questions in the book
Further guidance on Essential Mathematics with introductions to vectors, vector operations, the calculus and differential equations, etc.
An extra chapter on steam properties, cycles and plant
Downloadable SCILAB scripts that help simplify some of the advanced mathematical content
Selected illustrations from the book
eBook
مبادئ هندسة الطائرات
إنه الكتاب الأول في سلسلة محكمة من المقررات المخصصة لهندسة وإدامة الطائرات ويعد مرجعا قيما لكل من يرغب باحتراف هندسة الطائرات أو إدامتها أو أي مجال ذي صلة بالهندسة الجوية-الفضائية يوفر الكتاب : توليفة متكاملة من المعلومات الأكاديمية والعملية في مجال هندسة وإدامة الطائرات. المبادئ الأساسية والمعرفة المطلوبة لتقنيي الطائرات المخولين والمهندسين المجازين ذوي الجدارة ب JAR 66/Part-66. التكامل وسهولة التناول، مع أسئلة للاختبار الذاتي وتمرينات وأسئلة متعددة الاختيار، لتعزيز التعلم الذاتي، أو المعتمد على معلم وتسهيله. لقد تم فحص كافة ما ورد في الكتاب من مفاهيم بعناية وعمق بما يتوافق ومتطلبات وحدات المقرر العالمي JAR-66-Part-66 ووحدات (AE CGM) (Aerospace Engineering City and Guilds Modules) وعناصر EDEXCEL العالي ودرجة (FD) (Foundation Degree). وبذلك يعد المدخل المعرفي الأساسي والعالمي إلى صناعة وإدامة الطائرات وفرص العمل فيها والإطار القانوني والتشريعي لها، بالإضافة إلى تعزيز ثقافة السلامة (والأمنية) فيها.
Book
Time, tense, and causation
Michael Tooley presents a major new philosophical theory of the nature of time. He argues for a dynamic conception of the universe, according to which past, present, and future are not merely subjective features of experience: past and present are real, while the future is not. The key to understanding the nature of time is to understand the relati.
eBook
Schizophrenia risk from complex variation of complement component 4
Schizophrenia is a heritable brain illness with unknown pathogenic mechanisms. Schizophrenia’s strongest genetic association at a population level involves variation in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus, but the genes and molecular mechanisms accounting for this have been challenging to identify. Here we show that this association arises in part from many structurally diverse alleles of the complement component 4 (
C4
) genes. We found that these alleles generated widely varying levels of
C4A
and
C4B
expression in the brain, with each common
C4
allele associating with schizophrenia in proportion to its tendency to generate greater expression of
C4A
. Human C4 protein localized to neuronal synapses, dendrites, axons, and cell bodies. In mice, C4 mediated synapse elimination during postnatal development. These results implicate excessive complement activity in the development of schizophrenia and may help explain the reduced numbers of synapses in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia.
WebSchizophrenia is associated with genetic variation at the major histocompatibility complex locus; this study reveals that alleles at this locus associate with schizophrenia in proportion to their tendency to generate greater expression of complement component 4 (
C4A
) genes and that C4 promotes the elimination of synpases.
The genetics of schizophrenia
The strongest genetic association found in schizophrenia is its association to genetic markers across the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus, first described in three
Nature
papers in 2009. The association signal at the MHC is extremely complex. Here Steven McCarroll and colleagues report a dissection of the MHC association to schizophrenia. They find a strong contribution from many structurally diverse alleles of the complement component 4 (
C4
) genes. The linkage was higher for
C4
alleles that promoted greater expression of
C4A
, measured in the brain tissues of adult post-mortem donors with or without schizophrenia. The authors suggest that C4 may work with other components of the classical complement cascade to promote synaptic pruning, and demonstrate that C4 mediates synaptic refinement in a mouse model.
Journal Article
Microglial MHC-I induction with aging and Alzheimer’s is conserved in mouse models and humans
Major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) CNS cellular localization and function is still being determined after previously being thought to be absent from the brain. MHC-I expression has been reported to increase with brain aging in mouse, rat, and human whole tissue analyses, but the cellular localization was undetermined. Neuronal MHC-I is proposed to regulate developmental synapse elimination and tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we report that across newly generated and publicly available ribosomal profiling, cell sorting, and single-cell data, microglia are the primary source of classical and non-classical MHC-I in mice and humans. Translating ribosome affinity purification-qPCR analysis of 3–6- and 18–22-month-old (m.o.) mice revealed significant age-related microglial induction of MHC-I pathway genes
B2m
,
H2-D1
,
H2-K1
,
H2-M3
,
H2-Q6
, and
Tap1
but not in astrocytes and neurons. Across a timecourse (12–23 m.o.), microglial MHC-I gradually increased until 21 m.o. and then accelerated. MHC-I protein was enriched in microglia and increased with aging. Microglial expression, and absence in astrocytes and neurons, of MHC-I-binding leukocyte immunoglobulin-like (Lilrs) and paired immunoglobin-like type 2 (Pilrs) receptor families could enable cell -autonomous MHC-I signaling and increased with aging in mice and humans. Increased microglial MHC-I, Lilrs, and Pilrs were observed in multiple AD mouse models and human AD data across methods and studies. MHC-I expression correlated with
p16INK4A
, suggesting an association with cellular senescence. Conserved induction of MHC-I, Lilrs, and Pilrs with aging and AD opens the possibility of cell-autonomous MHC-I signaling to regulate microglial reactivation with aging and neurodegeneration.
Journal Article
An analysis-ready and quality controlled resource for pediatric brain white-matter research
We created a set of resources to enable research based on openly-available diffusion MRI (dMRI) data from the Healthy Brain Network (HBN) study. First, we curated the HBN dMRI data (N = 2747) into the Brain Imaging Data Structure and preprocessed it according to best-practices, including denoising and correcting for motion effects, susceptibility-related distortions, and eddy currents. Preprocessed, analysis-ready data was made openly available. Data quality plays a key role in the analysis of dMRI. To optimize QC and scale it to this large dataset, we trained a neural network through the combination of a small data subset scored by experts and a larger set scored by community scientists. The network performs QC highly concordant with that of experts on a held out set (ROC-AUC = 0.947). A further analysis of the neural network demonstrates that it relies on image features with relevance to QC. Altogether, this work both delivers resources to advance transdiagnostic research in brain connectivity and pediatric mental health, and establishes a novel paradigm for automated QC of large datasets.Measurement(s)brain white matterTechnology Type(s)Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance ImagingSample Characteristic - OrganismHomo sapiensSample Characteristic - Locationcontiguous United States of America
Journal Article
