Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
4,540
result(s) for
"Tu, Yan"
Sort by:
Effects of dietary energy levels on rumen bacterial community composition in Holstein heifers under the same forage to concentrate ratio condition
Background
The rumen bacterial community plays a critical role in feeds degradation and productivity. The effects of different forage to concentrate ratios on the ruminal microbial population structure have been studied extensively; however, research into changes in the ruminal bacterial community composition in heifers fed different energy level diets, with the same forage to concentrate ratio, has been very limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary energy levels, with the same forage to concentrate ratio, on ruminal bacterial community composition of heifers. Furthermore, we also determine the relationship between rumen bacteria and ruminal fermentation parameters.
Results
The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that, under the same forage to concentrate ratio of 50:50, an 8% difference in dietary energy level had no significant impact on the alpha diversity and the relative abundance of the major phyla and most of the major genera in heifers. In all the treatments groups,
Firmicutes
,
Bacteroidetes
, and
Proteobacteria
were the dominant phyla. Spearman correlation analysis between the relative abundances of the rumen bacteria at the genus level and the fermentation parameters showed that the relative abundances of
Prevotella
and BF311 were positively correlated with the ammonia nitrogen and butyrate concentrations, and these two genera were negatively correlated with the propionate and isovalerate concentrations, respectively, and the genus
Bifidobacterium
was positively correlated with the butyrate concentration and was negatively correlated with propionate and isovalerate concentration. The total volatile fatty acid concentration was positively correlated with BF311 abundances, and was negatively correlated with
Trichococcus
and
Facklamia
abundances.
Conclusions
Under the same forage to concentrate ratio condition of 50:50, an 8% difference in dietary energy levels had little impact on rumen bacterial community composition in heifers. The correlations between some genera of ruminal bacteria and the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen might be indicative that the ruminal fermentation parameters are strongly influenced by the rumen bacterial community composition.
Journal Article
إدارة الأزمات في زمن الأوبئة : مقالات لـ 56 عالما في الإدارة
يضم هذا الكتاب خلاصة تجارب وعصارة أفكار 56 عالما، هم من أبرز علماء الإدارة في الصين، وقد حملوا على عاتقهم مسؤولية قيادة المؤسسات الصينية لسنوات عديدة، وهو كتاب مرجعي لكل المؤسسات على المستوى العالمي والتي إن حدث لها ضرر في فترات الأزمات أو الأوبئة، فلن يتوقف هذا الضرر عند ملاكها أو المنتفعين منها، بل سيمتد أثره إلى قطاعات عريضة من العمالة، وسيضرب القوة الإنتاجية ولا سيما الصادرات والواردات وغيرها من الموارد. ومن ثم فهم محاربون على الخطوط الأولى، مثلهم مثل الأطباء في أزمة انتشار فيروس كورونا المستجد، وإن كان مجال تخصص كل مختلفا منهم عن الآخر، ففريق منهم ينقذ حياة الناس، بينما الفريق الآخر ينقذ أقواتهم. ولغة الكتاب لغة سهلة وبسيطة، تنطلق أفكاره من مواقف عامة وليست من مواقف خاصة محددة، ومن هنا تعد أفكاره صالحة للتطبيق على المؤسسات الصغيرة والمتوسطة في كل مكان، والتي أصبح لزاما عليها أن تلجأ للابتكار والإبداع إن أرادت الاستمرار على قيد الحياة، وبات عليها أن تبحث وسط ركام الأزمة عن الإيجابيات التي يمكن أن تهب لها حياة جديدة وسبلا مبتكرة للخلاص.
Book
Zongertinib in Previously Treated HER2-Mutant Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Among patients with tumors harboring tyrosine kinase domain mutations who received zongertinib (a selective inhibitor of the HER2 tyrosine kinase), 71% had a response, and median progression-free survival was 12.4 months.
Journal Article
Strong convergence for monotone bilevel equilibria with constraints of variational inequalities and fixed points using subgradient extragradient implicit rule
In a real Hilbert space, let GSVI and CFPP represent a general system of variational inequalities and a common fixed point problem of a countable family of nonexpansive mappings and an asymptotically nonexpansive mapping, respectively. In this paper, via a new subgradient extragradient implicit rule, we introduce and analyze two iterative algorithms for solving the monotone bilevel equilibrium problem (MBEP) with the GSVI and CFPP constraints, i.e., a strongly monotone equilibrium problem over the common solution set of another monotone equilibrium problem, the GSVI and the CFPP. Some strong convergence results for the proposed algorithms are established under the mild assumptions, and they are also applied for finding a common solution of the GSVI, VIP, and FPP, where the VIP and FPP stand for a variational inequality problem and a fixed point problem, respectively.
Journal Article
Mechanism for efficient nitrogen utilization by peach rootstock GF677 ( Prunus amygdalus × Prunus persica ) in alkaline orchard soils
GF677 is a widely used peach rootstock with resistance to chlorosis and continuous-cropping disease. Peach varieties grafted onto GF677 generally exhibit larger leaf area and deep green foliage in alkaline soils, demonstrating a higher nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) than other rootstocks. To elucidate the mechanism for the higher NUE of GF677, we grafted four peach varieties onto either GF677 or peach (
, the control rootstock) in alkaline soils. The results revealed that grafting of peach varieties onto GF677 resulted in larger leaf area and significantly higher total nitrogen content than grafting onto the control rootstock. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and WGCNA showed that the grafting onto GF677 significantly up-regulated 13 genes related to nitrogen uptake, transport, and reuse, while grafting onto the control rootstock up-regulated two monothiol glutaredoxin-encoding genes, in the leaves of different peach varieties. RT-qPCR further confirmed that four genes, including
,
,
, and
, may play crucial roles in the nitrogen utilization of GF677. Additionally,
may play an important role in the response of peach (
) to alkaline stress. This study elucidates the mechanism underlying the efficient nitrogen utilization of GF677, providing an important basis for the application and improvement of peach rootstock varieties.
Journal Article
Effects of dietary supplementation with two alternatives to antibiotics on intestinal microbiota of preweaned calves challenged with Escherichia coli K99
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with two alternatives to antibiotics (
Candida tropicalis
and mulberry leaf flavonoids) on intestinal microbiota of preweaned calves challenged with
Escherichia coli
K99. Sixty Holstein calves were randomly assigned to 5 treatments: fed a basal diet (N-CON); fed a basal diet and challenged with
E.coli
K99 (P-CON); fed a basal diet supplemented with
C.tropicalis
(CT), mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLF), and the combination of the two additives (CM), respectively, and challenged with
E.coli
K99. The MLF and CM groups had significantly higher average daily grain and feed efficiency, and significantly lower fecal scores compared with the P-CON group after
E. coli
K99 challenge. The supplementation groups increased the relative abundance, at the phylum level, of
Bacteroidetes
and
Proteobacteria
, whereas at the genus level, they increased the relative abundance of
Prevotella
,
Lactobacillus
, and
Enterococcus
. Quantitative PCR revealed that the CT, MLF, and CM groups had significantly lower copy numbers of
E.coli
K99 compared with the P-CON group. The CT, MLF, and CM treatments reduce days of diarrhea, improve intestinal health, and beneficially manipulate the intestinal microbiota in preweaned calves.
Journal Article
Interaction between microorganisms and dental material surfaces: general concepts and research progress
Bacterial adhesion to dental materials' surfaces is the initial cause of dental materials-related infections. Therefore, inhibiting bacterial adhesion is a critical step in preventing and controlling these infections. To this end, it is important to know how the properties of dental materials affect the interactions between microorganisms and material surfaces to produce materials without biological contamination. This manuscript reviews the mechanism of bacterial adhesion to dental materials, the relationships between their surface properties and bacterial adhesion, and the impact of bacterial adhesion on their surface properties. In addition, this paper summarizes how these surface properties impact oral biofilm formation and proposes designing intelligent dental material surfaces that can reduce biological contamination.
Journal Article