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"Tucker, Jonathan B"
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Germany In Transition
This book focuses on themes ranging from foreign and European affairs, economic and business issues, and eastern Germany to minority rights issues. It contains remarks given before conferences of the Robert Bosch Foundation Alumni Association which focuses on Germany's international role.
eBook
Double-Edged DNA: Preventing the Misuse of Gene Synthesis
By the mid-2000s, many suppliers of synthetic DNA in the United States and Europe had begun to screen sequence orders voluntarily, but the methodology varied from company to company, and a few firms resisted screening entirely.\\n Anticipating future developments The current existence of three competing screening standards is an unstable situation, leading some observers to worry that the biosecurity regime will devolve to the lowest common denominator. Because the draft U.S. government guidelines are widely considered inadequate, however, they are likely to be revised, perhaps by incorporating strategies such as Best Match-plus.
Journal Article
Preventing the Misuse of Biology: Lessons from the Oversight of Smallpox Virus Research
Certain basic research findings in the life sciences have the potential for misuse by states or sophisticated terrorist organizations seeking to develop more lethal or effective biological weapons. The recognition of this problem has led to proposals for new systems of governance, including the international review and oversight of \"dual-use\" research. The case of the World Health Organization's Advisory Committee on Variola Virus Research (VAC), which oversees all research with the live smallpox virus, offers some useful lessons for assessing these proposals. This article examines how the VAC has dealt with contentious policy issues, describes the strengths and weaknesses of the oversight process, and discusses the implications for the international governance of dual-use research.
Journal Article
A Farewell to Germs: The U.S. Renunciation of Biological and Toxin Warfare, 1969-70
Recounts history of the US biological warfare program, 1941-69, the Nixon administration's 1969 review of chemical and biological warfare policies and decision to renounce the US program, negotiation of the 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention, and efforts to improve defenses against biological warfare and terrorism.
Journal Article
Protein engineering: security implications
Protein toxins are far more dangerous than viruses, and can kill in extremely small doses. The potential for the creation of such toxins in a laboratory has many calling for regulation of the proteins.
Journal Article
Innovation, Dual Use, and Security
Recent advances in disciplines such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, and neuropharmacology entail a \"dual-use dilemma\" because they promise benefits for human health and welfare yet pose the risk of misuse for hostile purposes. The emerging field of synthetic genomics, for example, can produce custom DNA molecules for life-saving drugs but also makes possible the creation of deadly viral agents for biological warfare or terrorism. The challenge for policymakers is to prevent the misuse of these new technologies without forgoing their benefits . Innovation, Dual Use, and Security offers a systematic approach for managing the dual-use dilemma. The book presents a \"decision framework\" for assessing the security risks of emerging technologies and fashioning governance strategies to manage those risks. This framework is applied to fourteen contemporary case studies, including synthetic genomics, DNA shuffling and directed evolution, combinatorial chemistry, protein engineering, immunological modulation, and aerosol vaccines. The book also draws useful lessons from two historical cases: the development of the V-series nerve agents in Britain and the use and misuse of LSD by the U.S. Army and the CIA. Innovation, Dual Use, and Security offers a comprehensive, multifaceted introduction to the challenges of governing dual-use technologies in an era of rapid innovation. The book will be of interest to government officials and other practitioners as well as to students and scholars in security studies, science and technology studies, biology, and chemistry.
eBook
The Future of Chemical Weapons
After a short historical review of chemical warfare since WWI, attention is given to chemical weapons proliferation & the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), proliferation worries, the changing character of 21st-century warfare, shifting proliferation dynamics, emerging chemical technologies, the potential for CWC breakout, development of chemical incapacitating agents, & chemical terrorism. Suggestions for preventing the remilitarization of chemical weapons are offered. Adapted from the source document.
Journal Article