Explore the vast range of titles available.

Necrotic enteritis is an economically important poultry disease caused by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens. There are currently no necrotic enteritis vaccines commercially available for use in broiler birds, the most important target population. Salmonella-vectored vaccines represent a convenient and effective option for controlling this disease. We used a single attenuated Salmonella vaccine strain, engineered to lyse within the host, to deliver up to three C. perfringens antigens. Two of the antigens were toxoids, based on C. perfringens α-toxin and NetB toxin. The third antigen was fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (Fba), a metabolic enzyme with an unknown role in virulence. Oral immunization with a single Salmonella vaccine strain producing either Fba, α-toxoid and NetB toxoid, or all three antigens, was immunogenic, inducing serum, cellular and mucosal responses against Salmonella and the vectored C. perfringens antigens. All three vaccine strains were partially protective against virulent C. perfringens challenge. The strains delivering Fba only or all three antigens provided the best protection. We also demonstrate that both toxins and Fba are present on the C. perfringens cell surface. The presence of Fba on the cell surface suggests that Fba may function as an adhesin.

La presente investigación se encuentra planteada desde el posicionamiento empírico-analítico con un análisis de datos de tipo cuantitativo y transversal, con un nivel investigativo descriptivo, con un corte único en el tiempo durante el semestre agosto-diciembre 2021 y con el objetivo de realizar un análisis del liderazgo del amor y los factores psicosociales en el Tecnológico Nacional de México, Campus Coatzacoalcos. Se aplicó un instrumento relacionado con el amor con un Alfa de Cronbach de 0.958 y un instrumento sobre factores psicosociales para determinar el impacto del amor y dichos factores en los profesores en un contexto educativo. Se determinó una muestra de tipo no probabilística a conveniencia de 170 profesores para el primer instrumento y se eligieron 8 profesores líderes en la institución tomando en cuenta su antigüedad, experiencia y carrera profesional para contestar el segundo instrumento. Los principales resultados determinan que el liderazgo del amor es relevante en el contexto laboral y que los factores psicosociales que afectan la relación entre los colaboradores son: programas preventivos contra la violencia física, apoyo y respaldado por las jefaturas correspondientes, mejorar los canales de comunicación y los profesores no perciben con claridad las actividades asignadas para su realización.

Necrotic enteritis is an economically important poultry disease caused by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens. There are currently no necrotic enteritis vaccines available for use in broiler birds, the most important target population. Salmonella-vectored vaccines represent a convenient and effective option for controlling this disease. We used a single attenuated Salmonella vaccine strain, engineered to lyse within the host, to deliver up to three C. perfringens antigens. Two of the antigens were toxoids, based on C. perfringens ?-toxin and NetB toxin. The third antigen was fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (Fba), an metabolic enzyme with an unknown role in virulence. Oral immunization with a single Salmonella vaccine strain producing either Fba, ?-toxoid and NetB toxoid, or all three antigens, was immunogenic, inducing serum, cellular and mucosal responses against Salmonella and the vectored C. perfringens antigens. All three vaccine strains were protective against virulent C. perfringens challenge. The strains delivering Fba only or all three antigens provided the best protection. We also demonstrate that both toxins and Fba are present on the C. perfringens cell surface. The presence of Fba on the cell surface suggests that Fba may function as an adhesin.

The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between the body measurements (BMs) and carcass characteristics of hair sheep lambs. Twenty hours before slaughter, the shrunk body weight (SBW) and BMs were recorded. The BMs involved were height at withers (HW), rib depth (RD), body diagonal length (BDL), body length (BL), pelvic girdle length (PGL), rump depth (RuD), rump height (RH), pin-bone width (PBW), hook-bone width (HBW), abdomen width (AW), girth (GC), and abdomen circumference (AC). After slaughter, the carcasses were weighed and chilled for 24 h at 1 °C, and then were split by the dorsal midline. The left-half was dissected into total soft tissues (muscle + fat; TST) and bone (BON), which were weighed separately. The weights of viscera and organs (VIS), internal fat (IF), and offals (OFF—skin, head, feet, tail, and blood) were also recorded. The equations obtained for predicting SBW, HCW, and CCW had an r2 ranging from 0.89 to 0.99, and those for predicting the TST and BON had an r2 ranging from 0.74 to 0.91, demonstrating satisfactory accuracy. Our results indicated that use of BMs could accurately and precisely be used as a useful tool for predicting carcass characteristics of hair sheep lambs.

In the present work, short glass fiber is superficially modified with different concentrations of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (Trisilanol–Isobutyl, TSI-POSS) for processing as a filler in a polypropylene matrix (PP). It is observed that increasing the amount of TSI-POSS increases the fracture point and tensile strength; the opposite is the case for the strength impact property. The behaviors of both dynamic mechanical and thermal analyses are also observed. The flame behavior, i.e., the burning rate, decreases with increasing TSI-POSS in the polymers.

This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of electrospun poly (ε-caprolactone)/poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) ( PCL/PVP ) fibers integrated with a nanocomposite of chitosan, silver nanocrystals, and graphene oxide ( ChAgG ), aimed at developing advanced wound dressing materials. The ChAgG nanocomposite, recognized for its antimicrobial and biocompatible properties, was incorporated into PCL/PVP fibers through electrospinning techniques. We assessed the resultant fibers’ morphological, physicochemical, and mechanical properties, which exhibited significant enhancements in mechanical strength and demonstrated effective antimicrobial activity against common bacterial pathogens. The findings suggest that the PCL/PVP-ChAgG fibers maintain biocompatibility and facilitate controlled therapeutic delivery, positioning them as a promising solution for managing chronic and burn-related wounds. This study underscores the potential of these advanced materials to improve healing outcomes cost-effectively, particularly in settings plagued by high incidences of burn injuries. Further clinical investigations are recommended to explore these innovative fibers’ full potential and real-world applicability.

The complex structure of the plant cell wall makes it difficult to use the biomass produced by biosynthesis. For this reason, the search for new strains of microorganisms capable of efficiently degrading fiber is a topic of interest. For these reasons, the present study aimed to evaluate both the microbiological and enzymatic characteristics of the fungus Curvularia kusanoi L7strain. For this, its growth in different culture media was evaluated. Wheat straw mineralization was evaluated by gas chromatography assisted by infrared spectroscopy. The production of endo- and exoglucanase, laccase, and peroxidase enzymes in submerged solid fermentation of wheat and sugarcane bagasse were characterized. The strain efficiently mineralized raw wheat straw, showing a significant decrease in signals associated with cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the infrared spectra. High enzyme productions were achieved in submerged solid fermentation of both substrates, highlighting the high production of endoglucanases in sugarcane bagasse (2.87 IU/mL) and laccases in wheat (1.64 IU/mL). It is concluded that C. kusanoi L7 is an ascomycete with a versatile enzyme production that allows it to exhaustively degrade complex fibers such as raw wheat straw and sugar cane bagasse, making it a microorganism with great potential in the bioconversion of plant biomass.

The immunomodulator Transferon Oral ® (TO) is a human Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract (hDLE), id est , a complex mixture of peptides smaller than 10 kDa derived from human buffy coats. TO reduces TNF-α, IL-6, and IgE; and induces IFN-γ levels, which makes it useful in the treatment of allergies, autoimmunity, and infections. Its complex composition has made it difficult to characterize its pharmacokinetic profile, target organs, and mechanism of action. This study focused on describing the biodistribution profile of TO peptides indirectly using in vivo imaging. The TO peptides were coupled to the fluorophore Alexa 488 and administered intravenously (IV), subcutaneously (SC), intraperitoneally (IP), intramuscularly (IM), and oropharingelly (ORO) to female and male Crl: Nu-Foxn1nu Nu/Nu nude mice. It was verified that the TO peptides linked to the fluorophore maintained their biological activity (increment of survival in a murine model of HSV-1 infection) as a critical quality control. The fluorescence was acquired using an IVIS imaging system. Parenteral administration routes showed consistent biodistribution of TO peptides from the site of administration to the cervical and axillary areas, except for the IM route, where no biodistribution pattern was observed. The IV route of administration reached maximum fluorescence the fastest, at 15 min, and the peptides remained in the study subjects for around 180 min in all routes. Interestingly, the TO peptides were absorbed via ORO and exhibited a biodistribution pattern similar to that of the parenteral routes. Elimination via glomerular filtration was observed for all administration routes, and accumulation of TO peptides in the axillary and lymph nodes, as well as the heart, was confirmed by ex vivo analysis. The results of this work are relevant because they identify how the peptide components of an hDLE are absorbed enterally and parenterally and consistently accumulate in immunologically relevant organs where they exert their immunomodulatory function. Furthermore, it sets the first precedent for indirectly describing the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes of a drug composed of a myriad of molecules using in vivo imaging.

Object tracking is the process of estimating in time N the location of one or more moving element through an agent (camera, sensor, or other perceptive device). An important application in object tracking is the analysis of animal behavior to estimate their health. Traditionally, experts in the field have performed this task. However, this approach requires a high level of knowledge in the area and sufficient employees to ensure monitoring quality. Another alternative is the application of sensors (inertial and thermal), which provides precise information to the user, such as location and temperature, among other data. Nevertheless, this type of analysis results in high infrastructure costs and constant maintenance. Another option to overcome these problems is to analyze an RGB image to obtain information from animal tracking. This alternative eliminates the reliance on experts and different sensors, yet it adds the challenge of interpreting image ambiguity correctly. Taking into consideration the aforementioned, this article proposes a methodology to analyze lamb behavior from an approach based on a predictive model and deep learning, using a single RGB camera. This method consists of two stages. First, an architecture for lamb tracking was designed and implemented using CNN. Second, a predictive model was designed for the recognition of animal behavior. The results obtained in this research indicate that the proposed methodology is feasible and promising. In this sense, according to the experimental results on the used dataset, the accuracy was 99.85% for detecting lamb activities with YOLOV4, and for the proposed predictive model, a mean accuracy was 83.52% for detecting abnormal states. These results suggest that the proposed methodology can be useful in precision agriculture in order to take preventive actions and to diagnose possible diseases or health problems.