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Hyperfine interactions in the Bi1−xLaxFeO3 ferrites (where x = 0.0225, 0.075, 0.9) have been studied by means of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and 140Ce time differential perturbed angular γ–γ correlation methods. The information about the line shift δ, the lattice εlat and the magnetic εmag contributions to the quadrupole shift ε, isotropic His and anisotropic Han contributions to the hyperfine magnetic field Hhf on 57Fe nuclei, anharmonicity parameter m, distribution of the hyperfine magnetic field p(Hhf), and supertransferred hyperfine magnetic fields on 140Ce probe nuclei were obtained. In all studied compounds, the Fe ions are in a high-spin trivalent state. In the compounds with x = 0.0225 and 0.075 spatially modulated cycloidal magnetic structures exist. It was found that the sign of the effective constant of magnetic anisotropy Keff changes with the variation of x from 0.0225 to 0.075. The substitution of Bi by La increases the value of the hyperfine magnetic field on 57Fe nuclei from 494 kOe in Bi0.9775La0.0225FeO3 to 520 kOe in Bi0.1La0.9FeO3, i.e. by 26 kOe, while the corresponding supertransferred hyperfine magnetic field on 140Ce probe nuclei decreases.

—The territory of modern central Donbass was considered as an experimental site for the implementation of an ingredient biomonitoring program. Bryophytes were transplanted and exposed in the geolocalities directly influenced by coal mining and processing complexes, metallurgical and chemical industry, ruderal and residential ecotopes. For bryobionts with a wide amplitude of resistance to technogenic pollution ( Amblystegium subtile (Hedw.) Schimp., Brachythecium campestre (Muell.Hal.) Bruch et al., Bryum argenteum Hedw., Bryum caespiticium Hedw., Bryum capillare Hedw., Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid and Pylaisia polyantha (Hedw.) Schimp.), the following criteria of anthropotolerance were selected: (1) the ability to accumulate elements, (2) the ability to accumulate specific pollutants, (3) structural and functional reactions and manifestation of atypical morphogenesis (teratogenesis) of plant organisms and (4) shifts in the characteristics of the survival strategy of species under conditions of deep transformation of the Donbass landscape systems. Peculiarities in the accumulation of Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cd, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Hg, Pb, Th, U in indicator plants used as seasonal phytotest monitors to assess the pollution of natural environment has been defined. At a radical violation of geochemical cycles in plant life support systems, cases of specific chlorosis and necrosis of point localization, hypo- and hypergenesis and deformation, as well as fasciation, prolification, dystopia, oligomerization of vegetative organs, peculiarities in the development of individual groups of cells in the integumentary, and conformational tissues of the leaf apparatus of bryobionts have been recorded. The revealed abnormalities were used as a phytoindication characteristics when conducting an express analysis of the level of technogenic stress in field diagnostics. The coefficients of biological absorption and technogenic concentration of elements in biosubstrates were calculated when assessing the geochemical contrast of the environment. The difference in the accumulative capacity of bryobionts for individual elements or their associative groups in different ecotopes was defined. The related morphogenetic heterogeneity of the structure and elemental composition of plants is an individual case of compliance with V.I. Vernadsky’s ideas of the concentration, information and environment-forming functions of living matter.

The present work was conducted to obtain and highlight the first comprehensive baseline data on atmospheric deposition of trace elements and to evaluate the air quality in Georgia. A total of 120 moss samples were collected over accessible territories in Georgia in the period from 2014 to 2017. Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp., Hypnum cupressiforme (Hedw.), and Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt. moss species were analyzed by two complementary analytical techniques: instrumental neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry. Concentrations of 41 elements in mg/kg were determined. The concentrations were compared with the corresponding values in the literature and are in a good agreement, except for the concentration of Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, and Fe, which were higher than those reported for other countries. The principal component and discriminant analyses were implemented to extract information about the similar geochemical features and to decipher the provenance of the studied elements. The analysis showed that a considerable association of crustal elements and the provenance of elements can be considered as a mixture of geogenic and anthropogenic sources. In addition, the influence of different latitudinal climate zones on the distribution of elements in the atmospheric deposition was observed. The enrichment factor shows considerable values for Th and Zr. The spatial distribution of the pollution load index identifies four zones (#12, 38, 53, and 64). The potential ecological risk index and the risk index were calculated and it does not pose significant risk except As and Cd. The data obtained can be used as the first dataset of metal characterization of air pollution in Georgia.

The incineration of municipal solid waste is an important source of environmental pollution with heavy metals. In present study the elemental composition of soil samples collected near two main waste incinerators in Moscow was determined. The content of 38 elements (Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Dy, Fe, K, Na, Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th, and U) was determined using neutron activation analysis. To assess the level of soil pollution, the values of the geoaccumulation index, contamination factor and pollution load index were calculated. The contaminated factor values indicate slight soil contamination with Zn, As, Br, Sb, Hf, Hg, and W and moderate soil contamination with Sb. Pollution load index values above 1.0 indicate moderate pollution of the studied soils.