Explore the vast range of titles available.

The Indian economy is currently passing through a critical phase of economic development as its structural transformation in employment has stalled, whilst both the youth unemployment rate and the number of youths “Not in Employment, Education, and Training (NEET)” have increased to an unprecedentedly high level. In the context in which the share of the youth population is continuing to rise despite the declining fertility rate to below the replacement rate, increased educated youth unemployment has caused an upsurge in the Discouraged Labour Force (DLF). This paper explores the trends, composition, and determinants of rising DLF in India using national level employment-unemployment surveys and macro-level panel data. Based on Multinomial logit and System GMM regression results, it is argued that policies aiming to enhance human capabilities through an improved base of technical education and the promotion of industry are necessary to enhance the growth of quality jobs in order to combat the problem of rising educated youth unemployment and DLF. Moreover, these measures could help in the process of harnessing the demographic dividend in India through an increased level of labour productivity in the long run.

The global financial crisis deeply impacted labour markets around the globe. In the case of the United States, some commentators have argued that the subsequent rise in unemployment exceeded previous estimates of the elasticity of the unemployment rate with respect to output growth, a statistical relationship known as Okun's law. In contrast, others find a stable, long-term estimate of Okun's coefficient implying that the deviation in unemployment during the crisis resulted from a larger output gap (not a structural shift in the trend). Ultimately, estimates of this relationship will depend on the methodology and data period utilized. Focusing more on short-term fluctuations, changes in unemployment are decomposed to identify the association with other channels of labour market adjustment (hours, productivity and labour force). Results presented in this paper confirm the cross-country variation in the responsiveness of unemployment in the wake of the Great Recession. In the United States, Canada, Spain and other severely affected economies, estimates of Okun's coefficient increased sharply, departing from pre-crisis levels. In other countries, where unemployment has remained subdued, such as Germany and the Netherlands, the coefficient has fallen dramatically over the short-term. While other factors can explain the heterogeneous impact of the global financial crisis on labour markets in OECD countries, this paper focuses on the contribution of labour market institutions (employment protection legislation) in explaining cross-country differences and shifts in the estimated Okun's coefficient. In this regard, empirical evidence confirms that the responsiveness in the unemployment rate during the global downturn was lower in countries where workers are afforded greater employment protection such as Germany.

This book examines the drivers of, and barriers to, participation of women in the Asian labour market for its socio-economic development and structural transformation. Based on original comparative research and extensive fieldwork, it highlights challenges that women across Asia face in gaining access to more and better jobs. Findings show that women across the continent have contributed significantly to its spectacular growth story. Nonetheless, social norms and economic factors limit their levels of participation. This publication provides policy options for governments to promote decent work opportunities for women across social strata. Co-published with Sage.

The challenge of youth employment is not new. Even in good economic times, young people experience unemployment rates that are 3–4 times higher than adults. More than three out of four of the world’s young workers have informal jobs, while young people are overrepresented in working poverty and less protected forms of work, such as temporary and gig employment. During economic crises, the situation for young people in the labour market deteriorates much faster than for adults and persists for longer periods. The scarring effects for youth were clear after the global financial crisis (GFC) of 2008–09. Beyond these negative trends, it is important to recognise where countries have done much better in getting young people into decent and productive employment, including in the wake of crises. The success of European countries in tackling youth unemployment and inactivity has led to many attempts to replicate the policy approach, which involves integrated programmes such as the EU Youth Guarantee. However, there are major constraints to applying such an approach in developing countries and emerging economies. Against this background, the paper reviews the longer run trends in youth employment, along with the impact of crises on young people, focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic, in both advanced and developing countries. Next, it explores the lessons learned on how best to deal with youth employment challenges drawing from recent global meta-analyses. While the paper highlights that not all lessons can be extrapolated, it is important that countries develop integrated youth employment strategies that address job creation, quality of jobs, and inclusion.

The Great Recession was one of the most traumatic global events of the first decade of the twenty-first century. This book showcases research undertaken by leading experts on the macroeconomic and labour market dimensions of the financial crisis of 2007-2009. It provides a global overview, interpreting the causes, consequences and policy responses to the Great Recession from the perspective of both developing and developed countries.

This volume focuses on the labour market situation, trends and regulations in emerging economies, devoting attention to how they have dealt with both short-term issues, namely the global financial crisis, and longer-term structural challenges - as well as the gaps that still remain.

This book examines the drivers of, and barriers to, participation of women in the Asian labour market for its socio-economic development and structural transformation. Based on original comparative research and extensive fieldwork, it highlights challenges that women across Asia face in gaining access to more and better jobs. Findings show that women across the continent have contributed significantly to its spectacular growth story. Nonetheless, social norms and economic factors limit their levels of participation. This publication provides policy options for governments to promote decent work opportunities for women across social strata. Co-published with Sage.

This volume focuses on the labour market situation, trends and regulations in emerging economies, devoting attention to how they have dealt with both short-term issues, namely the global financial crisis, and longer-term structural challenges - as well as the gaps that still remain.