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We developed a home-based electronic nose (E-Nose) to passively monitor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted following bowel movements and assessed its validity by correlating the output with prebiotic fiber intake. Healthy, non-overweight participants followed a three-week protocol which included the following: (1) installing the E-Nose in their bathroom; (2) activating the device following each bowel movement; (3) recording their dietary intake; (4) consuming a fiber bar (RiteCarbs) containing a blend of 10 g of prebiotic fiber daily during weeks two and three; and (5) submit stool specimens at the beginning and end of the study for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis. Participants’ fecal microbiome displayed significantly increased relative abundance of putative total SCFA-producing genera (p = 0.0323) [total acetate-producing genera (p = 0.0214), total butyrate-producing genera (p = 0.0131)] and decreased Gram-negative proinflammatory genera (p = 0.0468). Prebiotic intervention significantly increased the participants’ fiber intake (p = 0.0152), E-Nose Min/Max (p = 0.0339), and area over the curve in VOC–to–fiber output (p = 0.0044). Increased fiber intake was negatively associated (R2 = 0.53, p = 0.026) with decreased relative abundance of putative Gram-negative proinflammatory genera. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that a prototype E-Nose can noninvasively detect a direct connection between fiber intake and VOC outputs in a home-based environment.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder characterized by intrusive memories, avoidance, negative thoughts and moods, and heightened arousal. Many patients also report gastrointestinal symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment approach for PTSD that successfully reduces symptoms. However, many patients still meet criteria for PTSD after treatment or continue to have symptoms indicating the need for new treatment strategies for PTSD. Patients with PTSD have a disrupted intestinal microbiome (i.e., dysbiosis) which can promote neuroinflammation; thus, modulation of the microbiome could be an alternative or adjunct treatment approach for PTSD. The current study was a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial seeking to understand if CBT combined with a microbiota-modifying, prebiotic fiber intervention would beneficially impact clinical outcomes in veterans with PTSD ( = 70). This proof-of-concept, pilot trial was designed to assess: (1) the relationship between severity of PTSD symptoms and microbiota composition and SCFA levels (i.e., acetate, propionate, butyrate), (2) if CBT treatment with a concomitant prebiotic fiber intervention would beneficially impact clinical outcomes in veterans with PTSD, (3) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a prebiotic intervention as an adjunct treatment to CBT, and (4) assess the impact of treatment on the intestinal microbiota and stool SCFA (i.e., mechanism). This study found that PTSD severity may be associated with reduced abundance of taxa capable of producing the SCFA propionate, and that a subset of individuals with PTSD may benefit from a microbiota-modifying prebiotic intervention. This study suggests that targeting the intestinal microbiome through prebiotic supplementation could represent a promising avenue for enhancing treatment outcomes in some individuals with PTSD. https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT05424146.

This paper aims at delving into the concept of violence, with the hypothesis that, just as the subject, violence is an effect of language. It is a psychoanalytical and theoretical exploration in order to approach the subjective construction of the ego and its anchoring to violence, a construction that determines the relationship with the other (counterpart) and with death, a construction that begins in the Other. Freudian notions such as drive, identification, and narcissism are considered in this development. Is also looks over family complexes, proposed by Lacan, to make a description of the construction that entails a restructuring in relation to the counterpart, the first emergence of violence in childhood and that determines the subject.

Moon Called Her Visage Woman is a thesis-length collection of poetry submitted in fulfillment of the MFA program in Creative Writing. It is comprised of short poems, generally thirty lines or fewer, and is influenced by the works of John Ashbery and Emily Dickinson. The collection contains three main sections, titled Petals for the Divide, Settled Beer Awaits Us, and Postscript: Lions, which explore the possibility of the feminine as a redemptive force in society and nature.