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result(s) for
"Voorhees, Gerald"
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Neoliberal Masculinity
While scholars have begun to investigate the professionalization of gaming, I take it on only to the extent that it is an exemplary site for thinking about t he sportification of digital games, a broader sociocultural phenomenon that emerges at the juncture of neoliberal rationality and distinct – often competing – constructions of masculinity circulating in contemporary Western culture. Indeed, the sportification of digital games has led to the creation of national leagues, international tournaments, and corporate-sponsored teams of professional cyberathletes, but it is not rooted in these institutions or in the professionalization of players; rather, they are both effects of the
Book Chapter
Simulations of the self: Rhetoric, argument, and computer game criticism
There is no dearth of computer games criticism that attends to the ways that specific games construct specific subjects, and analyses that argue players are interpolated into militant, violent, sexist, masculine and/or imperialist ideologies are bountiful. Unfortunately, scholars who study games have thus far neglected to articulate these subject positions to more fundamental understandings of what it means to be a subject. The premise of this dissertation is that computer games make epistemic claims about the nature of human subjectivity, constituting players according to different conceptions of what it means to be a subject. The three series of games examined—Civilization , Final Fantasy and Starcraft—construct players according to different models of the human subject. In addition to and inseparable from these figurations of human subjectivity, each game also forwards a claim about the proper social management of cultural difference and diversity. Thus, I examine formations of the self and, as it relates to the negotiation of cultural difference, the ideology and actions materialized in and by these subjects. My approach to computer games criticism examines the medium's form in conjunction with a game's specific discourses in order to discern how the interaction between player and game becomes culturally meaningful. Instead of privileging a game's narrative, aural, and visual discourses, or the systems of rules that define the objectives and means of interacting with the software, I look to the processes instantiated in a player's engagement with the game. This method of criticism is uniquely productive in that it interrogates what happens across the interface between player and game in the patterns of activity that result from combinations of machinic protocols and human performance.
Dissertation
Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy and overthrusting in the Deadman, Blind Bull and Horse Creek area, Lincoln County, Wyoming
The Deadman, Blind Bull, and Horse Creek area, Lincoln, County, Wyoming, Ts. 34 and 35 N., Rs. 115 and 116 W., comprises about 39 square miles in the central Wyoming Range located within the overthrust belt of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, in the Middle Rocky Mountain physiographic province. Landslides and glacial debris appear locally. The trellis drainage pattern, characterized by north trending ridges and north and east trending valleys, is controlled by structure. Approximately 12,500 feet of sedimentary rocks from Mississippian to Upper Cretaceous are exposed. One limited exposure of conglomerate may be Tertiary. Eastward thinning of stratigraphic units suggests that deposition was along a hingebelt between the miogeosyncline and the stable shelf to the east. The Hilliard and Adaville formations correlate with the Cody shale in the Jackson Hole area. The Darby thrust fault, the major structural element, dips 26° to 28° west with a stratigraphic separation of about 12,000 feet. A large overturned syncline, formed in the Adaville formation, lies immediately east of the Darby thrust fault. The presence of this syncline explains the local excessive outcrop width of Upper Cretaceous rocks. In general, most of the folds are asymmetric to the east, indicating a relative movement from west to east. Reserves of bituminous and subbituminous coal are estimated and offer future economic possibilities. Several folds are potential oil and gas traps.
Dissertation
Large scale meta-analysis characterizes genetic architecture for common psoriasis associated variants
Psoriasis is a complex disease of skin with a prevalence of about 2%. We conducted the largest meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for psoriasis to date, including data from eight different Caucasian cohorts, with a combined effective sample size >39,000 individuals. We identified 16 additional psoriasis susceptibility loci achieving genome-wide significance, increasing the number of identified loci to 63 for European-origin individuals. Functional analysis highlighted the roles of interferon signalling and the NFκB cascade, and we showed that the psoriasis signals are enriched in regulatory elements from different T cells (CD8
+
T-cells and CD4
+
T-cells including T
H
0, T
H
1 and T
H
17). The identified loci explain ∼28% of the genetic heritability and generate a discriminatory genetic risk score (AUC=0.76 in our sample) that is significantly correlated with age at onset (
p=
2 × 10
−89
). This study provides a comprehensive layout for the genetic architecture of common variants for psoriasis.
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated skin disease with a complex genetic architecture. Here, Elder and colleagues identify 16 novel psoriasis susceptibility loci using GWAS meta-analysis with a combined effective sample size of over 39,000 individuals.
Journal Article
Genome-wide association analysis identifies three psoriasis susceptibility loci
James Elder and colleagues report meta-analyses of two psoriasis genome-wide association studies with replication in additional cohorts. They make use of imputation using both the HapMap and initial 1000 Genomes Project datasets and identify three new psoriasis susceptibility loci.
We carried out a meta-analysis of two recent psoriasis genome-wide association studies
1
,
2
with a combined discovery sample of 1,831 affected individuals (cases) and 2,546 controls. One hundred and two loci selected based on
P
value rankings were followed up in a three-stage replication study including 4,064 cases and 4,685 controls from Michigan, Toronto, Newfoundland and Germany. In the combined meta-analysis, we identified three new susceptibility loci, including one at
NOS2
(rs4795067, combined
P
= 4 × 10
−11
), one at
FBXL19
(rs10782001, combined
P
= 9 × 10
−10
) and one near
PSMA6
-
NFKBIA
(rs12586317, combined
P
= 2 × 10
−8
). All three loci were also associated with psoriatic arthritis (rs4795067, combined
P
= 1 × 10
−5
; rs10782001, combined
P
= 4 × 10
−8
; and rs12586317, combined
P
= 6 × 10
−5
) and purely cutaneous psoriasis (rs4795067, combined
P
= 1 × 10
−8
; rs10782001, combined
P
= 2 × 10
−6
; and rs12586317, combined
P
= 1 × 10
−6
). We also replicated a recently identified
3
association signal near
RNF114
(rs495337, combined
P
= 2 × 10
−7
).
Journal Article
Genetic signature to provide robust risk assessment of psoriatic arthritis development in psoriasis patients
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a complex chronic musculoskeletal condition that occurs in ~30% of psoriasis patients. Currently, no systematic strategy is available that utilizes the differences in genetic architecture between PsA and cutaneous-only psoriasis (PsC) to assess PsA risk before symptoms appear. Here, we introduce a computational pipeline for predicting PsA among psoriasis patients using data from six cohorts with >7000 genotyped PsA and PsC patients. We identify 9 new loci for psoriasis or its subtypes and achieve 0.82 area under the receiver operator curve in distinguishing PsA vs. PsC when using 200 genetic markers. Among the top 5% of our PsA prediction we achieve >90% precision with 100% specificity and 16% recall for predicting PsA among psoriatic patients, using conditional inference forest or shrinkage discriminant analysis. Combining statistical and machine-learning techniques, we show that the underlying genetic differences between psoriasis subtypes can be used for individualized subtype risk assessment.
Approximately 30% of psoriasis patients develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and early diagnosis is crucial for the management of PsA. Here, Patrick et al. develop a computational pipeline involving statistical and machine-learning methods that can assess the risk of progression to PsA based on genetic markers.
Journal Article
Enhanced meta-analysis and replication studies identify five new psoriasis susceptibility loci
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease with complex genetic architecture. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a recent meta-analysis using Immunochip data have uncovered 36 susceptibility loci. Here, we extend our previous meta-analysis of European ancestry by refined genotype calling and imputation and by the addition of 5,033 cases and 5,707 controls. The combined analysis, consisting of over 15,000 cases and 27,000 controls, identifies five new psoriasis susceptibility loci at genome-wide significance (
P
<5 × 10
−8
). The newly identified signals include two that reside in intergenic regions (1q31.1 and 5p13.1) and three residing near
PLCL2
(3p24.3),
NFKBIZ
(3q12.3) and
CAMK2G
(10q22.2). We further demonstrate that
NFKBIZ
is a
TRAF3IP2
-dependent target of IL-17 signalling in human skin keratinocytes, thereby functionally linking two strong candidate genes. These results further integrate the genetics and immunology of psoriasis, suggesting new avenues for functional analysis and improved therapies.
About 2% of the population are affected by psoriasis, a chronic skin disease with complex genetics. Here Tsoi
et al.
conduct a meta-analysis of several genome-wide association studies and identify five novel loci, helping to further our understanding of the biology behind this condition.
Journal Article
Genome-wide scan reveals association of psoriasis with IL-23 and NF-κB pathways
The Collaborative Association Study of Psoriasis, in partnership with the Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN), reports a genome-wide association study for psoriasis. They identify new replicated associations that highlight a role for the IL-23 and NF-κB pathways in psoriasis susceptibility.
Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated disorder that affects the skin, nails and joints. To identify psoriasis susceptibility loci, we genotyped 438,670 SNPs in 1,409 psoriasis cases and 1,436 controls of European ancestry. We followed up 21 promising SNPs in 5,048 psoriasis cases and 5,041 controls. Our results provide strong support for the association of at least seven genetic loci and psoriasis (each with combined
P
< 5 × 10
−8
). Loci with confirmed association include
HLA-C
, three genes involved in IL-23 signaling (
IL23A
,
IL23R
,
IL12B
), two genes that act downstream of TNF-α and regulate NF-κB signaling (
TNIP1
,
TNFAIP3
) and two genes involved in the modulation of Th2 immune responses (
IL4
,
IL13
). Although the proteins encoded in these loci are known to interact biologically, we found no evidence for epistasis between associated SNPs. Our results expand the catalog of genetic loci implicated in psoriasis susceptibility and suggest priority targets for study in other auto-immune disorders.
Journal Article