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This paper examines the pattern and the impact of migration and remittances on household welfare in Vietnam using fixed-effects regressions and panel data from Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys 2010 and 2012. Overall, the effect of migration as well as remittances on employment of remaining members of home households is small. People in households with migration and remittances tend to work less than people in other households. The effect of migration on household welfare happens mainly through remittances. If migrants do not send remittances to their home households, there are no effects of migration on welfare of home households. Remittances, especially international remittances, help receiving households increase per capita income and per capita expenditure and reduce poverty.

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to estimate technical efficiency obtained from both data envelopment analysis (DEA) and stochastic frontier approaches using household survey data for rice farming households in Vietnam.Design methodology approach - A bootstrap method is used to provide statistical precision of the DEA estimator. Technical efficiency is modeled as a function of household and production factors.Findings - The results from the deterministic, semi-parametric and parametric approaches indicate that among other things, technical efficiency is significantly influenced by primary education and regional factors. In addition, scale efficiency analysis shows that many farms in Vietnam are operating with less than optimal scale of operation.Originality value - The study is among the first that employ a bootstrap method and compare estimates from both Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and stochastic frontier approaches.

Vietnam is faced with the issue of increasing overweight and obesity, particularly among children and adolescents in urban areas. As a result, the government of Vietnam recently introduced a proposal to impose a special consumption tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) in Vietnam, as the drinks are causing negative health consequences for Vietnamese people. This research is aimed at evaluating the impacts of a 10% special consumption tax on SSB in Vietnam using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model. We found that a 10% SSB tax will reduce SSB consumption by 11.4%. Consumers will switch to substitutes, leading to an increase in the consumption of milk by 2.3%, beer by 2.5%, dried tea by 2.2%, and wine by 1.7%. However, in the short run, the tax could lead to a decrease in consumer welfare due to higher SSB prices. In addition to people from better-off households, people from the ethnic majority group, most of which live in urban areas with a large number of children, have a relatively high welfare reduction.

BackgroundTobacco consumption places a significant economic burden on households, which is particularly severe in developing countries like Vietnam. In a country where the social insurance system is weak and healthcare is often expensive, tobacco-consuming households may face a higher risk of living in poverty. Some evidence on the social consequences of tobacco consumption suggests that it might aggravate poverty and inequality in Vietnam; however, to the best of our knowledge, no research provides a reliable estimate of the impoverishing effect of tobacco use in the country thus far.ObjectivesThis study quantifies the direct impact of tobacco use on poverty, measured by a poverty head count and the total size of the poverty gap in Vietnam in 2018.MethodsBy deducting tobacco-related expenditure from the total household income, the authors recalculate the actual household disposable income and examine whether the households suffer from the state of secondary poverty. Data from the 2018 Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey were used for calculation.Results(1) Total tobacco-related expenditure increased the number of poor people by 305 090 (0.31% of the country’s population) in 2018. More than one-third of those impoverished people are children, who should be considered victims of adults’ tobacco use. (2) Tobacco use increased the poverty gap by 0.08 percentage points from 2.20% to 2.28%. (3) The impoverishment effects of tobacco consumption vary across groups in society and appear to be more intense in rural areas, among ethnic minorities and in the two lowest quintiles of consumption.ConclusionThis study confirms the impoverishing effect of tobacco use in Vietnam (305 090 people) and that the effects are heterogeneous across population groups. Therefore, controlling tobacco use should be a part of the broader poverty reduction strategy in Vietnam and should be wisely targeted so as to reduce poverty effectively.

The paper analyzes food consumption patterns of Vietnamese households, using a complete demand system and socio-demographic information. Demand elasticities are estimated applying a modified Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model on the Vietnamese household survey data in 2006. The results indicate that food consumption patterns in Vietnam are affected by income, price, as well as socio-economic and geographic factors. All food has positive expenditure elasticities and negative own-price elasticities. Rice has mean expenditure elasticity of 0.36 and mean own-price elasticity of -0.80. Using the estimated elasticities, the study finds that when rice prices increase by 20 percent, average household welfare rises by 1.3 percent, yet it is important to note that the benefits and costs are not spread evenly across the population. Overall, middle-income households gain the most, while the poorest households gain the least from higher rice prices. This indicates that support programs should target the poorest quintile, especially the poor in the regions hit hardest by higher prices. More generally, our study points out that targeted food policies should be formulated based on specific food demand patterns in the groups.

Vietnam has achieved rapid growth since the Đổi Mới reforms, but sustaining momentum on the path to high-income status remains uncertain. This study analyzes Vietnam’s structural transformation through the lens of New Structural Economics (NSE), highlighting both achievements and persistent vulnerabilities. It contributes in three ways. First, it applies the Growth Identification and Facilitation (GIF) framework at the sectoral level, using recent evidence on productivity, trade, and human capital to assess Vietnam’s evolving comparative advantages. Second, it conducts a comparative analysis that contrasts the successful cases of South Korea—which has reached high-income status—and China, a major upper-middle income economy with rapid industrial upgrading, with the more constrained experiences of Malaysia and Thailand, peer economies that remain stuck in the middle-income range. Third, it integrates insights from the middle-income trap literature with the five pillars of NSE to derive policy implications. Findings indicate that Vietnam’s transformation has broadly followed comparative advantage–aligned patterns, yet faces headwinds from productivity slowdown, skills mismatches, infrastructure bottlenecks, and institutional weaknesses. At the same time, opportunities arise from global value chain restructuring, digital technologies, and the green transition, which open “windows of opportunity” for upgrading. Policy implications emphasize coordinated interventions across the five NSE pillars—industrial policy, infrastructure, human capital, firm capability, and institutions—so that comparative advantage–following strategies are embedded within a trajectory of innovation-driven capability building.

In this paper, we propose and investigate continuous Runge-Kutta methods for solving a class of nonlinear differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) with constant delay. Real-life processes that involve simultaneously time-delay effect and constraints are usually described by delay DAEs. Solving delay DAEs is more complicated than solving non-delay ones since we should focus on both the time-delay and DAE aspects. Recently, we have revisited linear multistep methods and Runge-Kutta methods for a class of nonlinear DAEs (without delay) and shown the advantages of appropriately modified discretizations. In this work, we extend the use of half-explicit Runge-Kutta methods to a similar class of structured strangeness-free DAEs with constant delay. Approximation of solutions at delayed time is obtained by continuous extensions of discrete solution, i.e., continuous output formulas. Convergence analysis for continuous Runge-Kutta methods is presented. It is shown that order reduction that may happen with DAEs is avoided if we discretize an appropriately reformulated delay DAE (DDAE) instead of the original one. Difficulties arising in the implementation are discussed as well. Finally, numerical experiments are given for illustration.

Necessary and sufficient conditions for exponential stability of linear time-invariant delay differential-algebraic equations are presented. The robustness of this property is studied when the equation is subjected to structured perturbations and a computable formula for the structured stability radius is derived. The results are illustrated by several examples. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

This paper applies the Malmquist productivity index method to measure total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Vietnamese agriculture using panel data from 60 provinces in Vietnam during 1985-2000 when Vietnam implemented widespread de-collectivization, trade liberalization, and reformed her agriculture sector. This study indicates that most of the early growth in Vietnamese agriculture during the first reform period 1985-1990 was due to TFP growth in response to incentive reforms. During the second reform period 1990-1995, the growth rate of TFP fell, and Vietnam's agricultural growth was mainly caused by drastic investment in capital. In the post-reform period (1995-2000), TFP growth increased again, though still much lower than 1985-1990. Overall, the TFP growth rate in the whole period is estimated at 1.96 percent, contributing to 38% of Vietnam's agricultural growth.