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Highlights the stories behind thirteen field recordings captured between 1934 and 1942, focusing on the experiences of the people--ranging from students to prisoners--who contributed to the recordings.

The Beautiful Music All Around Us presents the extraordinarily rich backstories of thirteen performances captured on Library of Congress field recordings between 1934 and 1942 in locations reaching from Southern Appalachia to the Mississippi Delta and the Great Plains. Including the children's play song \"Shortenin' Bread,\" the fiddle tune \"Bonaparte's Retreat,\" the blues song \"Another Man Done Gone,\" and the spiritual \"Ain't No Grave Can Hold My Body Down,\" these performances were recorded in kitchens and churches, on porches and in prisons, in hotel rooms and school auditoriums. Documented during the golden age of the Library of Congress recordings, they capture not only the words and tunes of traditional songs but also the sounds of life in which the performances were embedded: children laugh, neighbors comment, trucks pass by._x000B__x000B_Musician and researcher Stephen Wade sought out the performers on these recordings, their families, fellow musicians, and others who remembered them. He reconstructs the sights and sounds of the recording sessions themselves and how the music worked in all their lives. Some of these performers developed musical reputations beyond these field recordings, but for many, these tracks represent their only appearances on record: prisoners at the Arkansas State Penitentiary jumping on \"the Library's recording machine\" in a rendering of \"Rock Island Line\"; Ora Dell Graham being called away from the schoolyard to sing the jump-rope rhyme \"Pullin' the Skiff\"; Luther Strong shaking off a hungover night in jail and borrowing a fiddle to rip into \"Glory in the Meetinghouse.\"_x000B__x000B_Alongside loving and expert profiles of these performers and their locales and communities, Wade also untangles the histories of these iconic songs and tunes, tracing them through slave songs and spirituals, British and homegrown ballads, fiddle contests, gospel quartets, and labor laments. By exploring how these singers and instrumentalists exerted their own creativity on inherited forms, \"amplifying tradition's gifts,\" Wade shows how a single artist can make a difference within a democracy. _x000B__x000B_Reflecting decades of research and detective work, the profiles and abundant photos in The Beautiful Music All Around Us bring to life largely unheralded individuals--domestics, farm laborers, state prisoners, schoolchildren, cowboys, housewives and mothers, loggers and miners--whose music has become part of the wider American musical soundscape. The book also includes an accompanying CD that presents these thirteen performances, songs and sounds of America in the 1930s and '40s._x000B__x000B_

\"This volume collects stories of DC's greatest superheroes by Eisner Award-winning comics legend, Brian K. Vaughan. These tales of Titans, the Justice League, Green Lantern and many other heroes of the DC Universe are beautifully told by superstar, critically acclaimed superstar writer Brian K. Vaughan. Vaughan, best known for the comic book series Y: THE LAST MAN, EX MACHINA, RUNAWAYS, PRIDE OF BAGHDAD, Saga, and, most recently, Paper Girls has continually pushed the bounds of comics storytelling throught his career. Now, his greatest stories involving some of the most popular DC Universe characters are collected together in one hardcover special edition.\"-- Provided by publisher.

PD-L1 expression is an important biomarker for the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but has been highly heterogeneous across studies. We developed a statistical model to reconcile conflicting estimates of PD-L1 prevalence by accounting for between-study variation in test sensitivity, specimen age, and laboratory count. In doing so, we obtained refined estimates for PD-L1 expression prevalence and identified differences by histological subtype, mutational status, and stage. Across 92 studies published between 2015 and 2023, the detectability of PD-L1 declined with increasing specimen age while the consistency of detection rates was greater for studies incorporating data from a higher number of laboratories. Using the 22C3 antibody as a benchmark, we predicted that 58.3% (95% CrI 49.8–66.1%) and 27.0% (95% CrI 21.2–33.1%) of NSCLC will have PD-L1 tumour proportion scores at the ≥ 1% and ≥ 50% threshold. PD-L1 expression was lower in EGFR -mutated NSCLC and higher in NSCLC with ALK , KRAS , MET , ROS1 , and RET alterations. PD-L1 expression was more common with later-stage disease. Overall, this work highlights the continuing challenge of consistency in PD-L1 testing. Although the underlying prevalence of PD-L1 expression varies in the lung cancer population based on tumour-related factors, controllable differences in testing parameters also account for variations in PD-L1 prevalence.

\"Numerous Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished in Southeast Asia from the 5th to the 9th century, yet until recently few concrete details were known about them. Lost Kingdoms reveals newly discovered architectural and sculptural relics from this region, which provide key insights into the formerly mysterious kingdoms. The first publication to use sculpture as a lens to explore this period of Southeast Asian history, Lost Kingdoms offers a significant contribution and a fresh approach to the study of cultures in Cambodia, Thailand, Burma, and other countries\"--Distributor's website.

The aim of our study was to quantify sex-specific patterns of smoking prevalence and initiation in 10-year birth cohorts from 1910 to 1989 in Australia. We combined individual data of 385,810 participants from 33 cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1962 and 2018. We found that age-specific smoking prevalence varied considerably between men and women within birth cohorts born before 1960. The largest difference was observed in the earliest cohort (1910–1919), with up to 37.7% point greater proportion of current smokers in men than in women. In subsequent cohorts, the proportion decreased among men, but increased among women, until there was no more than 7.4% point difference in the 1960–69 birth cohort. In the 1970–79 and 1980–89 cohorts, smoking among men marginally increased, but the proportion was at most ~11.0% points higher than women. Our analysis of initiation indicated that many women born before the 1930s who smoked commenced smoking after age 25 years (e.g., ~27% born in 1910–19); compared to at most 8% of men in any birth cohort. The earliest birth cohort (1910–1919) had the greatest difference in age at initiation between sexes; 26.6 years in women versus 19.0 in men. In later cohorts, male and female smokers initiated increasingly earlier, converging in the 1960–69 cohort (17.6 and 17.8 years, respectively). While 22.9% of men and 8.4% of women initiated smoking aged < = 15 in the 1910–1919 cohort, in the latest cohort (1980–89) the reverse was true (21.4% and 28.8% for men and women, respectively). Marked differences in smoking prevalence and age at initiation existed between birth cohorts of Australian men and women born before 1960; after this, sex-specific trends in prevalence and initiation were similar. Understanding these patterns may inform the evaluation of tobacco control policies and the targeting of potential interventions for exposed populations such as lung cancer screening.

In populations of European descent, melanoma is a high burden cancer in terms of incidence and healthcare costs, with early detection linked to better prognosis. There is no organised population screening program for melanoma in most countries, as more information is required about the potential benefits, harms and costs of population-based screening to develop policy. To assess the cost-effectiveness of a potential risk-tailored organised melanoma screening program in Australia, we have developed a protocol for a comprehensive microsimulation model (Policy1-Melanoma) that can evaluate multiple potential screening strategies. We outline the development of Policy1-Melanoma, a natural history model developed to be flexibly used to evaluate a range of scenarios related to melanoma screening, diagnosis, surveillance and management. We specify the types of data sources used for calibration and validation of Policy1-Melanoma, and the steps in this process.

Biological N fixation in feather-mosses is one of the largest inputs of new nitrogen (N) to boreal forest ecosystems; however, revealing the fate of newly fixed N within the bryosphere (i.e. bryophytes and their associated organisms) remains uncertain. Herein, we combined N tracers, high resolution secondary ion mass-spectrometry (NanoSIMS) and a molecular survey of bacterial, fungal and diazotrophic communities, to determine the origin and transfer pathways of newly fixed N within feather-moss ( ) and its associated microbiome. NanoSIMS images reveal that newly fixed N , derived from cyanobacteria, is incorporated into moss tissues and associated bacteria, fungi and micro-algae. These images demonstrate that previous assumptions that newly fixed N is sequestered into moss tissue and only released by decomposition are not correct. We provide the first empirical evidence of new pathways for N fixed in feather-mosses to enter the boreal forest ecosystem (i.e. through its microbiome) and discuss the implications for wider ecosystem function.

ObjectiveTo compare 50-year forecasts of Australian tobacco smoking rates in relation to trends in smoking initiation and cessation and in relation to a national target of ≤5% adult daily prevalence by 2030.MethodsA compartmental model of Australian population daily smoking, calibrated to the observed smoking status of 229 523 participants aged 20–99 years in 26 surveys (1962–2016) by age, sex and birth year (1910–1996), estimated smoking prevalence to 2066 using Australian Bureau of Statistics 50-year population predictions. Prevalence forecasts were compared across scenarios in which smoking initiation and cessation trends from 2017 were continued, kept constant or reversed.ResultsAt the end of the observation period in 2016, model-estimated daily smoking prevalence was 13.7% (90% equal-tailed interval (EI) 13.4%–14.0%). When smoking initiation and cessation rates were held constant, daily smoking prevalence reached 5.2% (90% EI 4.9%–5.5%) after 50 years, in 2066. When initiation and cessation rates continued their trajectory downwards and upwards, respectively, daily smoking prevalence reached 5% by 2039 (90% EI 2037–2041). The greatest progress towards the 5% goal came from eliminating initiation among younger cohorts, with the target met by 2037 (90% EI 2036–2038) in the most optimistic scenario. Conversely, if initiation and cessation rates reversed to 2007 levels, estimated prevalence was 9.1% (90% EI 8.8%–9.4%) in 2066.ConclusionA 5% adult daily smoking prevalence target cannot be achieved by the year 2030 based on current trends. Urgent investment in concerted strategies that prevent smoking initiation and facilitate cessation is necessary to achieve 5% prevalence by 2030.

Background Health surveys are commonly somewhat non-representative of their target population, potentially limiting the generalisability of prevalence estimates for health/behaviour characteristics and disease to the population. To reduce bias, weighting methods have been developed, though few studies have validated weighted survey estimates against generally accepted high-quality independent population benchmark estimates. Methods We applied post-stratification and raking methods to the Australian 45 and Up Study using Census data and compared the resulting prevalence of characteristics to accepted population benchmark estimates and separately, the incidence rates of lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer to whole-of-population estimates using Standardised Incidence Ratios (SIRs). Results The differences between 45 and Up Study and population benchmark estimates narrowed following sufficiently-informed raking, e.g. 13.6% unweighted prevalence of self-reported fair/poor overall health, compared to 17.0% after raking and 17.9% from a population benchmark estimate. Raking also improved generalisability of cancer incidence estimates. For example, unweighted 45 and Up Study versus whole-of-population SIRs were 0.700 (95%CI:0.574–0.848) for male lung cancer and 1.098 (95%CI:1.002–1.204) for prostate cancer, while estimated SIRs after sufficiently-informed raking were 0.828 (95%CI:0.684–0.998) and 1.019 (95%CI:0.926–1.121), respectively. Conclusion Raking may be a useful tool for improving the generalisability of exposure prevalence and disease incidence from surveys to the population.