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"Walter, Michael"
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How English works : a grammar practice book with answers
Combining rich illustrations and authentic exercises, How English Works makes the learning and practising of grammar both a pleasure and a challenge. The author's imaginative and wholly original approach to the presentation and organisation of their text offers students a lively, purposeful package to give them a confident command of English forms and their uses. Designed for students working on their own, but also ideal for use in class, How English Works covers all the key elements in the standard EFL grammar syllabus, and many other topics which are often ignored. -- Publisher description.
Accurate prediction of functional, structural, and stability changes in PITX2 mutations using in silico bioinformatics algorithms
Mutations in PITX2 have been implicated in several genetic disorders, particularly Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome. In order to determine the most reliable bioinformatics tools to assess the likely pathogenicity of PITX2 variants, the results of bioinformatics predictions were compared to the impact of variants on PITX2 structure and function. The MutPred, Provean, and PMUT bioinformatic tools were found to have the highest performance in predicting the pathogenicity effects of all 18 characterized missense variants in PITX2, all with sensitivity and specificity >93%. Applying these three programs to assess the likely pathogenicity of 13 previously uncharacterized PITX2 missense variants predicted 12/13 variants as deleterious, except A30V which was predicted as benign variant for all programs. Molecular modeling of the PITX2 homoedomain predicts that of the 31 known PITX2 variants, L54Q, F58L, V83F, V83L, W86C, W86S, and R91P alter PITX2's structure. In contrast, the remaining 24 variants are not predicted to change PITX2's structure. The results of molecular modeling, performed on all the PITX2 missense mutations located in the homeodomain, were compared with the findings of eight protein stability programs. CUPSAT was found to be the most reliable in predicting the effect of missense mutations on PITX2 stability. Our results showed that for PITX2, and likely other members of this homeodomain transcription factor family, MutPred, Provean, PMUT, molecular modeling, and CUPSAT can reliably be used to predict PITX2 missense variants pathogenicity.
Journal Article
Galâapagos : life in motion
\"A lavish photographic celebration that captures the fascinating behaviors of land and sea animals in the Galâapagos Islands. The Galâapagos Islands are home to an amazing variety of iconic creatures, from Giant Tortoises, Galâapagos Sea Lions, Galâapagos Penguins, and Ghost Crabs to Darwin's finches, the Blue-footed Booby, and Hummingbird Moths. But how precisely do these animals manage to survive on--and in the waters around--their desert-like volcanic islands, where fresh water is always scarce, food is often hard to come by, and finding a good mate is a challenge because animal populations are so small? In this stunning large-format book, Galâapagos experts Walter Perez and Michael Weisberg present an unprecedented photographic account of the remarkable survival behaviors of these beautiful and unique animals. With more than 200 detailed, close-up photographs, the book captures Galâapagos animals in action as they feed, play, fight, court, mate, build nests, give birth, raise their young, and cooperate and clash with other species. Watch male Marine Iguanas fight over territory and females; see frigatebirds steal food and nesting materials from other birds; witness the courtship dance of a pair of Blue-footed Boobies; go underwater to glimpse a Galâapagos Sea Lion pup playing with its mother; and observe a baby Pacific Green Turtle enter the water for the first time. These and dozens of other unforgettable scenes are all vividly captured here--including many moments that even experienced Galâapagos observers may never be lucky enough to see in person. Complete with a brief text that provides essential context, this book will be cherished by Galâapagos visitors and anyone else who wants to see incredible animals on the move\"--Dust jacket flap.
Book
Degradation effects of reused PA12 powder in selective laser sintering on material characteristics, dimensional accuracy and mechanical strength
Selective Laser Sintering of Polymers is a widely used Additive Manufacturing technology that involves a laser to selectively sinter layers of a powder bed, with Polyamide 12 being a common material choice. Despite its favourable processability and component performance, the printing process leaves a significant amount of unsintered powder that undergoes heat treatment due to temperature gradients during printing, leading to material degradation over time. A deep comprehension of the aging behaviour in the powder for rightly planning the successive building process is thus necessary to define the proper recycling methods. This paper presents a comprehensive study of the thermal and structural characteristics of Polyamide 12 after five successive reusing cycles, as well as the dimensional accuracy and the mechanical strength of the corresponding printed parts. The study includes tests on the powder that underwent successive printing, and the parts manufactured using this powder. The results were compared to those obtained from virgin powder. These results were used to justify the differences in mechanical, macro-geometrical, and micro-geometrical performance between virgin and multiple reused powder parts. The results indicate that the powder degradation causes a significant reduction of the mechanical strength, and the texture quality of parts made from reused powder, while the dimensional accuracy remains very high.
Journal Article
Orogenesis : the making of mountains
\"Orogenesis, the process of mountain building, occurs when two tectonic plates collide--either forcing material upwards to form mountain belts such as the Alps or Himalayas or causing one plate to be subducted below the other, resulting in volcanic mountain chains such as the Andes. Integrating the approaches of structural geology and metamorphism, this book provides an up-to-date overview of orogenic research, and an introduction to the physico-chemical properties of mountain belts. Global examples are explored, the interactioning roles of temperature and deformation in the orogenic process are reviewed, and important new concepts such as channel flow are explained. This book provides a valuable introduction to this fast-moving field for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of structural geology, plate tectonics and geodynamics, and will also provide a vital overview of research for academics and researchers working in related fields including petrology, geochemistry and sedimentology.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
An overall performance index to quantify dimensional accuracy and mechanical strength of parts manufactured through VAT photopolymerization in biodegradable and non-biodegradable resin
Epoxy resins are widely used polymers in the automotive and aerospace fields. Different blends of novel biodegradable resins have been studied in the last years in order to provide sustainability while maintaining the same properties of epoxy resins. Bio-based thermoset resins made with acrylated epoxidized soybean oil are well-studied in different vat polymerization techniques. The present work compares a bio-based resin and a petroleum-based resin. A benchmark with different features was designed and manufactured by a VAT photopolymerization process using both materials; measured with an optical scanning device; thus, the dimensional deviations were analyzed through inspection software. Tensile and flexural specimens were manufactured with the same procedure and tested with a dynamometer machine. Therefore, the comparison between a biodegradable resin and a petroleum-based resin is discussed in terms of the quality and mechanical performances of manufactured parts, considering the use of identical printing conditions. Some parts are required to satisfy both the requirements at the same time, such as the gears. Therefore, dimensional accuracy and mechanical strength need to be controlled and evaluated in a unique final quantification. This work proposes a novelty performance index to quantify dimensional accuracy and mechanical strength simultaneously. By combining the two aspects it is possible to define the overall performance obtained with the used material, optimizing the manufacturing process by choosing the proper material for each purpose.
Journal Article
Trouble maker for justice : the story of Bayard Rustin, the man behind the march on Washington
\"This biography of Bayard Rustin for young readers depicts his life of nonviolent activism and resistance\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
A mechanochromic donor-acceptor torsional spring
Mechanochromic polymers are intriguing materials that allow to sense force of specimens under load. Most mechanochromic systems rely on covalent bond scission and hence are two-state systems with optically distinct “on” and “off” states where correlating force with wavelength is usually not possible. Translating force of different magnitude with gradually different wavelength of absorption or emission would open up new possibilities to map and understand force distributions in polymeric materials. Here, we present a mechanochromic donor-acceptor (DA) torsional spring that undergoes force-induced planarization during uniaxial elongation leading to red-shifted absorption and emission spectra. The DA spring is based on
ortho
-substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (
o
-DPP). Covalent incorporation of
o
-DPP into a rigid yet ductile polyphenylene matrix allows to transduce sufficiently large stress to the DA spring. The mechanically induced deflection from equilibrium geometry of the DA spring is theoretically predicted, in agreement with experiments, and is fully reversible upon stress release.
Force sensing using mechanochromic polymers is currently limited to two state systems and does not allow directly correlating the force with the absorption or emission wavelength. Here, the authors present a mechanochromic donor-acceptor torsional spring that undergoes force-induced planarization during uniaxial elongation leading to force dependent red-shifted absorption and emission spectra.
Journal Article
Slab melting as a barrier to deep carbon subduction
Experiments show that carbonated oceanic crust subducting into the mantle will intersect the melting curve at depths of about 300 to 700 kilometres, creating a barrier to direct carbonate recycling into the deep mantle.
Carbonate recycling into the deep mantle
Andrew Thomson
et al
. present experiments showing that carbonated oceanic crust subducting into the mantle will intersect the melting curve at depths of about 300 to 700 km, creating a barrier to direct carbonate recycling into the deep mantle. The low-degree partial melts produced would be highly reactive with reduced ambient mantle, producing diamond. The authors conclude that this deep carbon barrier may dominate the recycling of carbon in the mantle and contribute to chemical and isotopic heterogeneity of the mantle reservoir.
Interactions between crustal and mantle reservoirs dominate the surface inventory of volatile elements over geological time, moderating atmospheric composition and maintaining a life-supporting planet
1
. While volcanoes expel volatile components into surface reservoirs, subduction of oceanic crust is responsible for replenishment of mantle reservoirs
2
,
3
. Many natural, ‘superdeep’ diamonds originating in the deep upper mantle and transition zone host mineral inclusions, indicating an affinity to subducted oceanic crust
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
. Here we show that the majority of slab geotherms will intersect a deep depression along the melting curve of carbonated oceanic crust at depths of approximately 300 to 700 kilometres, creating a barrier to direct carbonate recycling into the deep mantle. Low-degree partial melts are alkaline carbonatites that are highly reactive with reduced ambient mantle, producing diamond. Many inclusions in superdeep diamonds are best explained by carbonate melt–peridotite reaction. A deep carbon barrier may dominate the recycling of carbon in the mantle and contribute to chemical and isotopic heterogeneity of the mantle reservoir.
Journal Article