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"Wang, Fuming"
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Leadership through the classics : learning management and leadership from ancient East and West philosophy
The complex socio-economic and environmental challenges of the 21st century must be tackled by placing faith in the power of mankind to integrate established wisdom and new knowledge, and in our ability to collaborate for a sustainable future. Departing from this, a global 2011 conference debating papers devoted to the impact of ancient philosophy, focusing on Confucius and Aristotle, in modern leadership and management was organized by Hanban, the Athens University of Economics & Business, and the University of International Economics & Business, Beijing, China. This volume presents the wide array of conference contributions by international thought-leaders.
Book
Dynamic experimental study on anti-progressive collapse of polyline-shaped large-span double-layer grid space structure
This study investigates the dynamic response and failure mechanism of the polyline-shaped large-span double-layer grid space structures subjected to progressive collapse. A grid model was designed and fabricated to represent a typical area of a large-span double-layer grid space structure from a specific engineering project. Three representative locations were selected to simulate failure of the test model, and dynamic collapse tests were conducted. In the tests, four conditions were considered: D1 (120 kg, failure at A), D2 (120 kg, failure at B), D3 (120 kg, failure at C), and D4 (200 kg, failure at C). The dynamic response of the structure under various conditions was studied by comparing strain, displacement, and failure patterns derived from the test analysis. Furthermore, the collapse process and mechanism of the structure were analyzed. The results indicate that the upper chord rods are key components in collapse resistance design. Under test conditions D4, significant vertical displacement occurred, and out-of-plane deformation increased markedly after the lateral constraints were removed, causing the structure to tilt towards the side without a failure device. The strain and displacement changes were most significant under test conditions D3 and D4, especially near the failure locations. Under condition D3, the strain change is 1109 microstrain larger than that before the failure, with the maximum vertical displacement increase being 59.109 mm. Under condition D4, the strain change is -1126 microstrain larger than that before the failure, with the maximum vertical displacement increase being 74.795 mm. Through multi-condition testing, the collapse mechanisms at different failure locations in the structure were clarified. The failure of web members and lower chord rods led to a redistribution of internal forces, but the effect on the double-layer grid structure was minimal. After the failure of the upper chord rods, significant displacements occurred near the failure location, and buckling of surrounding members was observed.
Journal Article
Investigating brittle damage of buried pipelines under dip-slip faulting with peridynamics
Permanent ground deformation induced by surface faulting can seriously threaten the structural integrity of buried pipelines. The failure mode of fracturing in pipe wall is somewhat difficult to be simulated by the classical finite element method. In this work, brittle damage of buried pipelines subjected to different dip-slip faults is investigated by using peridynamics, where the pipes are characterized as peridynamics shell structures and the surrounding soil is simulated as Winkler springs. Three sets of experiments are simulated using the proposed modeling strategy, and good agreements between experimental and numerical results are achieved, in terms of progressive brittle damage features (deformation and crack patterns). The first crack initiates under a certain fault displacement, and then it propagates inwardly to penetrate through the cross section on the footwall side. A new crack then occurs on the other side in a later stage. Pipeline failure is more prone to occur within the zone of three times the pipe diameter from the fault plane, showing three broken segments by the two dominant cracks eventually. Parametric study suggests that reverse faulting is more harmful to the pipeline than normal faulting. The most unfavorable dip angles for pipelines under normal and reverse faulting are 65° and 75°, respectively. The pipeline with a thicker pipe wall or a higher critical energy release rate, being buried in a smaller burial depth or a looser sand condition, shows a higher capacity to resist the dip-slip fault.
Journal Article
A Fiber Bragg-Grating-Based Miniature Sensor for the Fast Detection of Soil Moisture Profiles in Highway Slopes and Subgrades
A fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based aluminum oxide tube packed sensor (ATPS) was developed for the fast detection of the soil moisture profile in highway slopes and subgrades. The novel ATPS consists of an aluminum oxide tube with a diameter of 5 mm, an optical fiber containing a quasi-distributed FBG sensors, a “U”-shaped resistance wire, and a flange. There are four 0.9-mm diameter holes in the ATPS. Laboratory experiments were carried out to calibrate the relationship between the thermal response of ATPS and the soil moisture content. Two laboratory rainfall validation model tests were performed to validate the ATPS for capturing the soil moisture profile in highway slopes and subgrades. During the validations, the accuracy of the ATPS was quantified, and water infiltration through grassy and grassless ground surfaces were investigated. The calibrations indicate that the ATPS can detect and record real-time changes in the highway slope and subgrade moisture after rainfall, and reveal the most dangerous zones that occur at the connection between different construction materials. The average measurement accuracy of soil moisture monitoring was 0.015 m3/m3. Please note that the connection is where cracks form easily and the soil hydraulic conductivity increases significantly. The test results also indicate that grassy cover (lawn) significantly prevents water infiltration during the first few minutes of rainfall (twelve minutes in this study), after which, however, the infiltration rate drops sharply. The influence of lawn on water infiltration depends on the soil structure, hydraulic conductivity, and rainfall time. In summary, due to its small size and fast detection, the ATPS is a portable probe that can be used for moisture monitoring in highway slopes and subgrades.
Journal Article
Effects of Acupuncture at GV20 and ST36 on the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, Aquaporin 4, and Aquaporin 9 in Rats Subjected to Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Ischemic stroke is characterized by high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), aquaporin (AQP) 4, and AQP9 are linked to permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). BBB disruption, tissue inflammation, and MMP/AQP upregulation jointly provoke brain edema/swelling after CIRI, while acupuncture and electroacupuncture can alleviate CIRI symptoms. This study evaluated the hypothesis that acupuncture and electroacupuncture can similarly exert neuroprotective actions in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by modulating MMP2/AQP4/APQ9 expression and inflammatory cell infiltration.
Eighty 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group S, MCAO model group M, acupuncture group A, electroacupuncture group EA, and edaravone group ED. The MCAO model was established by placement of a suture to block the middle carotid artery, and reperfusion was triggered by suture removal in all groups except group S. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture were administered at acupoints GV20 (governing vessel-20) and ST36 (stomach-36). Rats in groups A, EA, and ED received acupuncture, electroacupuncture, or edaravone, respectively, immediately after MCAO. Neurological function (assessed using the Modified Neurological Severity Score), infarct volume, MMP2/AQP4/AQP9 mRNA and protein expression, and inflammatory cell infiltration were all evaluated at 24 h post-reperfusion.
Acupuncture and electroacupuncture significantly decreased infarct size and improved neurological function. Furthermore, target mRNA and protein levels and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly reduced in groups A, EA, and ED vs. group M. However, MMP2/AQP levels and inflammatory cell infiltration were generally higher in groups A and EA than in group ED except MMP2 mRNA levels.
Acupuncture and electroacupuncture at GV20 and ST36 both exercised neuroprotective actions in a rat model of MCAO, with no clear differences between groups A and EA. Therefore, acupuncture and electroacupuncture might find utility as adjunctive and complementary treatments to supplement conventional therapy for ischemic stroke.
Journal Article
Cucurbitacin E inhibits M1 macrophage polarization and attenuates rheumatoid arthritis: a multi-omics analysis and experimental validation
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease marked by joint inflammation and destruction. Current treatments often have side effects and resistance. Cucurbitacin E (CuE), a natural compound with anti-inflammatory properties, shows therapeutic potential but its role in RA is unclear. This study explores CuE’s mechanisms in RA, focusing on M1 macrophage polarization.
Methods
We used a multi-omics approach, integrating transcriptomics, single-cell sequencing, and network pharmacology. Key steps included immune infiltration analysis, WGCNA, machine learning-based biomarker discovery, and flow cytometry validation. Pseudotime trajectory and cell communication analyses were also employed.
Results
Immune infiltration analysis revealed increased M1 macrophage infiltration in RA patients. WGCNA identified gene modules related to macrophage polarization. Machine learning identified five key biomarkers (CCR2, NFKB1, NT5E, PIK3R1, TYRO3). A diagnostic model based on these biomarkers achieved high accuracy (AUC = 0.94). Pseudotime and cell communication analyses suggested CuE may regulate M1 polarization and signaling networks. Flow cytometry showed high CuE concentrations inhibited M1 macrophage polarization.
Conclusion
CuE inhibits M1 macrophage polarization and related pathways, offering a promising RA treatment strategy. The identified biomarkers may serve as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Future research should validate CuE’s clinical effects.
Journal Article
Effect of Solution Treatment Temperature on Microstructural Evolution, Precipitation Behavior, and Comprehensive Properties in UNS S32750 Super Duplex Stainless Steel
The changes of microstructures, element distribution, and comprehensive properties were studied to explore their interactions with each other, induced by solution treatment of UNS S32750 super duplex stainless steel. The results showed that the ferrite content improved, while the austenite content declined as the temperature increased. From 900 to 1000 °C, the σ phase existing at α/γ grain boundaries and in ferrite grains gradually dissolved. At 1050 °C, the microstructures consisted of only ferrite and austenite. From 1050 to 1300 °C, the Cr2N precipitated in ferrite and gradually grew and coarsened. The impact energy and pitting potential of UNS S32750 first improved and then weakened, while the hardness is the opposite, owing to the combined effects of element distribution, microstructures, and precipitates. In the presence of the σ phase, the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of UNS S32750 correspond directly to the σ phase fraction. Subsequently, the rise in temperature promoted γ → α phase transformation, and the elements partitioning ratios of Cr and Mo declined, resulting in reduced toughness and corrosion resistance and a rise in hardness. Consequently, when the solution treatment temperature is 1050 °C, the α/γ ratio of UNS S32750 approached 1:1, with excellent overall properties.
Journal Article
Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Repairing Effect of Polymer Grouting for Settlement of High-Speed Railway Unballasted Track
Uneven settlement of high-speed railway subgrade leads to the irregularity of high-speed railway line, which seriously affects high-speed train operation. The skylight point of high-speed railway operation is short and the maintenance time is limited. Therefore, how to quickly lift and repair the ballastless track slab in the subsidence section is an urgent problem to be solved in the maintenance of high-speed railways. The two-component non-aqueous reactive polymer material has the advantages of strong expansive force, fast reaction speed, and wide application range, which is extremely suitable for the repair of high-speed railway track slab subsidence and lifting. In this study, the expansion force characteristics of different density polymer materials and the stress-deformation curves at corresponding density are tested in laboratory to propose the mechanical parameters of polymer. Then, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of high-speed railway train ballastless-track subgrade is established based on ABAQUS. The mechanical characteristics of CRTS III ballastless track under different repair materials, different elevation, and different density of polymer grouting materials are analyzed. The results show that, under the dynamic load of the train, the stress value of polymer repairing material is less than that of cement slurry, presenting a compressive stress state, which is similar to that of the complete subgrade surface. In addition, within a certain thickness range, increasing the thickness of polymer is beneficial to reducing the difference of stress variation between polymer filling layer and complete pavement. Once beyond this range, the thickness of polymer has little effect on the force variation.
Journal Article
Assessment of food supplements for the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
The network meta-analysis (NMA) investigated the efficacy of six food supplements, namely glutamine, arginine, lactoferrin, prebiotics, synbiotics, and probiotics, in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants.
MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched. Randomized controlled trials comparing different food supplements for premature infants were included.
Probiotics (OR, 0.47; 95% CrI, 0.33–0.63), arginine (OR, 0.38; 95% CrI, 0.14–0.98), glutamine (OR, 0.30; 95% CrI, 0.079–0.90), and synbiotics (OR, 0.13; 95% CrI, 0.037–0.37). were associated with a decreased incidence of NEC. Only probiotics (OR, 0.81; 95% CrI, 0.69–0.95) and lactoferrin (OR, 0.74; 95% CrI, 0.54–0.92) achieved lower risk of sepsis. Probiotics (OR, 0.58; 95% CrI, 0.40–0.79), prebiotics (OR, 0.23; 95% CrI, 0.043–0.86), and synbiotics (OR, 0.15; 95% CrI, 0.035–0.50) were associated with lower odds of mortality. Probiotics (MD, -2.3; 95% CrI: -3.7– -0.63) appeared to have earlier age of attainment of full feeding.
Based on this NMA, probiotics and synbiotics had the potential to be the top two preferable food supplements.
•This work assessed the efficacy and safety of several food interventions based on network meta-analysis.•This work revealed a significant effect of probiotics and synbiotics.•This work assessed the incidence of sepsis, mortality, etc. to allow for a more comprehensive evaluation.
Journal Article
Seismic performance of steel frame joint with dumbbell-type replaceable energy-consuming beam sections
This research proposes a steel frame joint that addresses the issues of low lateral stiffness and the difficult replacement of traditional flange weakening joints. The proposed solution involves a steel frame joint with dumbbell-type replaceable energy-consuming beam sections (DREBS). Using DREBS with weakened webs, rather than weakening the flanges, improves the overall lateral stiffness of beam sections and enhances resistance to out-of-plane deformation. The replaceable energy-consuming girder section of the joint is connected using high-strength bolts, making it more convenient to replace. In addition, more steel can be saved using a large girder section instead of the entire girder. This study investigates the seismic performance of the proposed connection by examining the effects of various parameters, including the weakening length and weakening depth of web. Stress–strain diagrams and hysteresis curves are compared and analyzed with the weakening length and weakening depth of web. Also, the initial rotational stiffness is investigated using the component method, and the error between the stiffness from the equation and that from finite element calculations was compared. The results show that the length and depth of web weakening affect the structural performance; the longer the weakening length of web and the greater the weakening depth of web, the stronger the structure. Recommended values for the weakening length of webs are 0.24 to 0.48 times the length of the “dumbbell” beam. Similarly, the recommended values for the weakening depth of web are 0.07 to 0.21 times the height of the “dumbbell” beam section. The relative error between the theoretical and finite element values is 6.9%.
Journal Article