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Although significant advances have recently been made in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical carcinoma, the long-term survival rate for advanced cervical cancer remains low. Therefore, an urgent need exists to both uncover the molecular mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of cervical cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in cancer progression and could be used as either potential therapeutic agents or targets. miR-506 is a component of an X chromosome-linked miRNA cluster. The biological functions of miR-506 have not been well established. In this study, we found that miR-506 expression was downregulated in approximately 80% of the cervical cancer samples examined and inversely correlated with the expression of Ki-67, a marker of cell proliferation. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies in human cervical cancer, Caski and SiHa cells, demonstrated that miR-506 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cervical cancer growth in vitro and in vivo . Further studies showed that miR-506 induced cell cycle arrest at the G1/S transition, and enhanced apoptosis and chemosensitivity of cervical cancer cell. We subsequently identified Gli3, a hedgehog pathway transcription factor, as a direct target of miR-506 in cervical cancer. Furthermore, Gli3 silencing recapitulated the effects of miR-506, and reintroduction of Gli3 abrogated miR-506-induced cell growth arrest and apoptosis. Taken together, we conclude that miR-506 exerts its anti-proliferative function by directly targeting Gli3. This newly identified miR-506/Gli3 axis provides further insight into the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and indicates a potential novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of cervical cancer.

The unique electronic properties of the surface electrons in a topological insulator are protected by time-reversal symmetry. Circularly polarized light naturally breaks time-reversal symmetry, which may lead to an exotic surface quantum Hall state. Using time-and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we show that an intense ultrashort midinfrared pulse with energy below the bulk band gap hybridizes with the surface Dirac fermions of a topological insulator to form Floquet-Bloch bands. These photon-dressed surface bands exhibit polarization-dependent band gaps at avoided crossings. Circularly polarized photons induce an additional gap at the Dirac point, which is a signature of broken time-reversal symmetry on the surface. These observations establish the Floquet-Bloch bands in solids and pave the way for optical manipulation of topological quantum states of matter.

Superelastic conducting fibers with improved properties and functionalities are needed for diverse applications. Here we report the fabrication of highly stretchable (up to 1320%) sheath-core conducting fibers created by wrapping carbon nanotube sheets oriented in the fiber direction on stretched rubber fiber cores. The resulting structure exhibited distinct short- and long-period sheath buckling that occurred reversibly out of phase in the axial and belt directions, enabling a resistance change of less than 5% for a 1000% stretch. By including other rubber and carbon nanotube sheath layers, we demonstrated strain sensors generating an 860% capacitance change and electrically powered torsional muscles operating reversibly by a coupled tension-to-torsion actuation mechanism. Using theory, we quantitatively explain the complementary effects of an increase in muscle length and a large positive Poisson's ratio on torsional actuation and electronic properties.

Vortices are topological defects of type-II superconductors in an external magnetic field. In a similar fashion to a quantum anomalous Hall insulator, quantum anomalous vortices (QAV) spontaneously nucleate due to orbital-and-spin exchange interaction between supercurrent and magnetic impurity moment without an external magnetic field. Here, we used scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy (sSQUID) to search for its signatures in iron-chalcogenide superconductor Fe(Se,Te). Under zero magnetic field, we found a stochastic distribution of isolated anomalous vortices and antivortices with flux quanta Φ0. By applying a small local magnetic field under the coil of the nano-SQUID device, we observed hysteretic flipping of the vortices reminiscent of the switching of ferromagnetic domains, suggesting locally broken time-reversal symmetry. We further observed vectorial rotation of a flux line linking a vortex-antivortex pair by manipulating the local field. These unique properties of the anomalous vortices satisfy the defining criteria of QAV. Our observation suggests an emergent quantum phase with spontaneously nucleated vortex-antivortex matter in an iron-based superconductor with nontrivial topological band structure.

The evolution of physical, chemical and optical properties of urban aerosol particles was characterized during an extreme haze episode in Beijing, PRC, from 24 through 31 January 2013 based on in situ measurements. The average mass concentrations of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 were 99 ± 67 μg m−3 (average ± SD), 188 ± 128 μg m−3 and 265 ± 157 μg m−3, respectively. A significant increase in PM1-2.5 fraction was observed during the most heavily polluted period. The average scattering coefficient at 550 nm was 877 ± 624 Mm−1. An increasing relative amount of coarse particles can be deduced from the variations of backscattering ratios, asymmetry parameter and scattering Ångström exponent. Particle number-size distributions between 14 and 2500 nm diameter showed high number concentrations, particularly in the nucleation mode and accumulation mode. Size-resolved chemical composition of submicron aerosol from a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer showed that the mass concentrations of organic, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium and chlorine mainly resided on particles between 500 and 800 nm (vacuum diameter), and nitrate and ammonium contributed greatly to particle growth during the heavily polluted day (28 January). Increasing relative humidity and stable synoptic conditions on 28 January combined with heavy pollution on 28 January, leading to enhanced water uptake by the hygroscopic submicron particles and formation of secondary aerosol, which might be the main reasons for the severity of the haze episode. Light-scattering apportionment showed that organic, sulfate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride compounds contributed to light-scattering fractions of 54, 24, 12 and 10%, respectively. This study indicated that the organic component in submicron aerosol played an important role in visibility degradation during the haze episode in Beijing.

We study Zariski cancellation problem for noncommutative algebras that are not necessarily domains.

A comprehensive understanding of the processes and mechanisms driving Holocene temperature changes is crucial for resolving the ongoing Holocene temperature controversy. Here, we reconstructed land surface temperature (LST) variations over the past 27,000 years in two loess‐paleosol profiles from the Chinese Loess Plateau based on soil bacterial lipid signatures. By combining our data with other published records derived from the same proxy, we identify notable spatial inconsistencies in LST trends across geographically proximate areas with distinct vegetation cover, despite the expectation that air temperature trends should be consistent. By integrating modern meteorological data, we propose that rainfall‐induced changes in surface vegetation dynamics are a key factor contributing to this divergence. This contributes to our understanding of past climate dynamics in East Asia and underscores the importance of considering vegetation effects when interpreting paleoclimate data and resolving controversies over Holocene temperature trends. Plain Language Summary Land‐atmosphere interactions are crucial for understanding how regional temperatures change. Here, we looked at land surface temperature (LST) changes by analyzing soil bacterial markers. We found that LST trends varied notably across regions that were close to each other but had different types of vegetation. In the southern and eastern Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), where vegetation is more abundant, LST changes generally matched patterns of magnetic properties of the soil, organic carbon content, and regional air temperatures. However, in the northern and western CLP, where vegetation is sparse, LSTs showed noticeable differences from air temperatures, with higher LSTs during the Last Glacial Maximum and lower LSTs during the middle Holocene. These spatial differences suggest that regional vegetation variations played a key role in the temperature changes we observed. Our findings are further supported by modern meteorological records, which demonstrate that the influence of vegetation on the temperature disparity between LSTs and air temperatures intensifies as rainfall and vegetation cover decrease, especially when rainfall is less than 600 mm. This study highlights the important role of vegetation in historical LST changes and helps us better understand Holocene temperature trends and land‐atmosphere interactions in East Asia. Key Points Notable differences exist in Holocene land surface temperature (LST) variations on the Chinese Loess Plateau Rainfall‐induced changes in surface vegetation dynamics modulated LST changes Surface vegetation changes contribute to the Holocene temperature controversies

The transient photocurrent is one of the key parameters of the spatial radiation effect of photoelectric devices, and the energy level defect affects the transient photocurrent. In this paper, by studying the deep level transient spectrum of a self-designed Schottky diode, the defect properties of the interface region of the anode metal AlCu and Si caused by high-temperature annealing at 150 ℃, 200 ℃ and 300 ℃ for 1200 h have been quantitatively analyzed. The study shows that the defect is located at the position of + 0.41 eV on the valence band, the concentration is 2.8  ×  10 13 /cm 2 , and the capture cross section is σ  = 8.5  ×  10 17 . The impurity energy level mainly comes from the diffusion of Al atom in anode metal. We found that the defect did not cause the electrical performance degradation and obvious morphology change of the device, but the transient photocurrent increased significantly. The reason is that the high temperature treatment results in a growth in the density of states at the interface between AlCu–Si. The more mismatched dislocations and recombination center increased the reverse current of the heterojunction. The above view is proved by the TCAD simulation test.