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Three kinds of nano-concrete, i.e., 2.0% nano-SiO 2 doped, 2.0% nano-CaCO 3 doped and 1.0% nano-SiO 2 -1.0% nano-CaCO 3 co-doped concretes (NS, NC, NSC) were prepared for a study on static property and dynamic property under different strain rates (50–130 s −1 ) using HYY series hydraulic servo test system and Φ100 mm split Hopkinson pressure bar test system, and a comparison with plain concrete (PC) as well. The results have shown that under static load, as compared with PC, NC has both strength and elastic modulus increased obviously, while NS has strength decreased and elastic modulus increased, and under dynamic load, there is an obvious strain rate effect for the dynamic compressive strength, impact toughness, energy dissipation and impact failure mode of concrete. Under the same strain rate, the dynamic compressive strength, peak strain, impact toughness and energy dissipation of NC are significantly increased, while its dynamic elastic modulus is decreased. Compared with PC, NS has dynamic compressive strength, peak strain, impact toughness and energy dissipation decreased, and dynamic elastic modulus increased, NC has static and dynamic mechanical properties improved, NS has static and dynamic mechanical properties weakened, and NSC is between PC and NC in static and dynamic mechanical properties, but generally improved. Doped with nano-CaCO 3 , NC has compactness improved, weak areas reduced, and pore size distribution optimized, while doped with nano-SiO 2 , NS has obvious internal weak areas, with pore structure degraded.

Background Recurrence is the major cause of mortality in patients with resected HCC. However, without a standard approach to evaluate prognosis, it is difficult to select candidates for additional therapy. Methods A total of 201 patients with HCC who were followed up for at least 5 years after curative hepatectomy were enrolled in this retrospective, multicentre study. A total of 3144 radiomics features were extracted from preoperative MRI. The random forest method was used for radiomics signature building, and five-fold cross-validation was applied. A radiomics model incorporating the radiomics signature and clinical risk factors was developed. Results Patients were divided into survivor ( n  = 97) and non-survivor ( n  = 104) groups based on the 5-year survival after surgery. The 30 most survival-related radiomics features were selected for the radiomics signature. Preoperative AFP and AST were integrated into the model as independent clinical risk factors. The model demonstrated good calibration and satisfactory discrimination, with a mean AUC of 0.9804 and 0.7578 in the training and validation sets, respectively. Conclusions This radiomics model is a valid method to predict 5-year survival in patients with HCC and may be used to identify patients for clinical trials of perioperative therapies and for additional surveillance.

Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) serves as an effective method for simultaneously decomposing signals into a series of narrowband components. However, its theoretical foundation, the classical Wiener filter, exhibits limited adaptability when applied to broadband signals. This paper proposes a novel Variable Filtered-Waveform Variational Mode Decomposition (VFW-VMD) method to address critical limitations in VMD, particularly in handling broadband and chirp signals. By incorporating fractional-order constraints and dynamically adjusting filter waveforms, the proposed algorithm effectively mitigates mode mixing and over-smoothing issues. The mathematical framework of VFW-VMD is formulated, and its decomposition performance is validated through simulations involving both synthetic and real-world signals. The results demonstrate that VFW-VMD exhibits superior adaptability in extracting broadband signals and effectively captures more rolling bearing fault features. This work advances signal processing techniques, enhancing capability and significantly improving the performance of practical bearing fault diagnostic applications.

Gastric cancer (GC) represents a significant burden of cancer-related mortality worldwide, underscoring an urgent need for the development of early detection strategies and precise postoperative interventions. However, the identification of non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis and patient risk stratification remains underexplored. Here, we conduct a targeted metabolomics analysis of 702 plasma samples from multi-center participants to elucidate the GC metabolic reprogramming. Our machine learning analysis reveals a 10-metabolite GC diagnostic model, which is validated in an external test set with a sensitivity of 0.905, outperforming conventional methods leveraging cancer protein markers (sensitivity < 0.40). Additionally, our machine learning-derived prognostic model demonstrates superior performance to traditional models utilizing clinical parameters and effectively stratifies patients into different risk groups to guide precision interventions. Collectively, our findings reveal the metabolic landscape of GC and identify two distinct biomarker panels that enable early detection and prognosis prediction respectively, thus facilitating precision medicine in GC. Gastric cancer detection by endoscopy is intrusive and time-consuming, and early detection is key to improving survival. Here, the authors propose a metabolite-based model to enable early detection.

Air filtration has become an essential need for passive pollution control. However, most of the commercial air purifiers rely on dense fibrous filters, which have good particulate matter (PM) removal capability but poor biocidal effect. Here we present the photocatalytic bactericidal properties of a series of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their potentials in air pollution control and personal protection. Specifically, a zinc-imidazolate MOF (ZIF-8) exhibits almost complete inactivation of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) (>99.9999% inactivation efficiency) in saline within 2 h of simulated solar irradiation. Mechanistic studies indicate that photoelectrons trapped at Zn + centers within ZIF-8 via ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) are responsible for oxygen-reduction related reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which is the dominant disinfection mechanism. Air filters fabricated from ZIF-8 show remarkable performance for integrated pollution control, with >99.99% photocatalytic killing efficiency against airborne bacteria in 30 min and 97% PM removal. This work may shed light on designing new porous solids with photocatalytic antibiotic capability for public health protection. Personal protective air filtration masks are becoming increasingly desirable, but most commercial air purifiers have poor biocidal capabilities. Here the authors fabricate metal–organic framework-based air filters with both high particulate matter removal efficiencies and photocatalytic bactericidal properties.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high porosity and designable functionality make it possible to access the merits of high permeability and selectivity. However, scalable fabrication methods to produce mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with good flexibility and ultrahigh MOF loading are urgently needed yet largely unmet. Herein, we report a thermally induced phase separation-hot pressing (TIPS-HoP) strategy to roll-to-roll produce 10 distinct MOF-membranes (loadings up to 86 wt%). Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene interweaving the MOF particles contributes to their mechanical strength. Rejections (99%) of organic dyes with a water flux of 125.7 L m –2  h –1  bar –1 under cross-flow filtration mode. The micron-sized channels between the MOF particles translate into fast water permeation, while the porous MOFs reject solutes through rapid adsorption. This strategy paves ways for developing high-performance membrane adsorbers for crucial separation processes. As a proof-of-concept, the abilities of the membrane adsorbers for separating racemates and proteins have been demonstrated. Mixed matrix membranes have shown great promise for separation applications, but low filler loading typically leads to low selectivity. Here the authors use a thermally induced phase separation-hot-pressing strategy to fabricate 10 distinct metal-organic framework-based membrane adsorbers with up to 86 wt% MOF-loading.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was initially demonstrated to be critical in regulating inflammatory responses among various allergic disorders (such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and asthma). Although two isoforms (short form and long form) of TSLP have been demonstrated in human tissues, the long form of TSLP (lfTSLP) is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of allergies and cutaneous immune-mediated diseases. The immunomodulatory activity of lfTSLP varies widely, driving T helper (Th) cells polarizing Th2 and Th17 immune responses and inducing itch. Moreover, lfTSLP is closely associated with skin fibrosis, epidermal hyperplasia, angiogenesis, and homeostatic tolerogenic regulations. This review highlights significant progress from experimental and clinical studies on lfTSLP in cutaneous immune-mediated diseases (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, bullous pemphigoid, systemic sclerosis, chronic spontaneous urticaria, Behçet’s disease, vitiligo, rosacea, systemic lupus erythematosus, and alopecia areata). We also offer original insights into the pleiotropic properties of the cytokine TSLP in various pathophysiological conditions, with significant clinical implications of TSLP-targeted therapies for immune-mediated skin diseases in the future.

As a result of recent, substantial capacity building, a new landscape for cancer drug trials is emerging in China. However, data on the characteristics of cancer drug trials, and how they have changed over time, are scarce. Based on clinical trials published on the China Food and Drug Administration Registration and Information Disclosure Platform for Drug Clinical Studies, we aimed to systematically review changes over time in clinical trials of cancer drugs in mainland China from 2009 to 2018, to provide insight on the effectiveness of the pharmaceutical industry and identify unmet clinical needs of stakeholders. A total of 1493 trials of 751 newly tested cancer drugs were initiated. Increases over time were observed for the annual number of initiated trials, newly tested drugs, and newly added leading clinical trial units, with a sharp increase after 2016. Of the 1385 trials in which cancer types were identified, solid tumours (325 [23%] trials), non-small-cell lung cancer (232 [17%]), and lymphoma (126 [9%]) were the most common. A markedly uneven distribution was also observed in the geography of leading units with the largest number of leading units located in east China (50 [41%]) and the smallest number located in southwest China (4 [3%]). The growth trends we observed illustrate the progress in and increasing capability of cancer drug research and development achieved in mainland China over the decade from 2009. The low number of clinical trials on tumours with epidemiological characteristics unique to the Chinese population and the unbalanced geographical distribution of leading clinical trial units will provide potential targets for policy makers and other stakeholders. Further research efforts should address cancers uniquely relevant to Chinese populations, globally rare cancers, and the balance between equitable drug access, efficiency, and sustainability of cancer drug research and development in mainland China.

The advent of the big data era makes a lot of work face the situation that will be eliminated or left behind without following the trend of reform. This article begins with a simple metaphor to illustrate the importance of management accounting in the enterprise, later pointed out the current management accounting in the development of the enterprise facing four problems, targeted put forward in the application of big data management accounting many advantages, and illustrate with examples, so that this study to achieve the unity of theory and practice,and we will discuss it from the perspective of the analysis of big data.

Tunable terahertz (THz) functional devices have exhibited superior performances due to the use of active materials, such as liquid crystals, graphene, and semiconductors. However, the tunable range of constitutive parameters of materials is still limited, which leads to the low modulation depth of THz devices. Here, we demonstrate a broadband tunable THz absorber based on hybrid vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) metamaterials. Unlike other phase change materials, VO 2 exhibits an insulator-to-metal transition characteristic and the conductivity can be increased by 4–5 orders of magnitude under external stimulus including electric fields, optical, and thermal pumps. Based on the unique transition character of VO 2 , the maximum tunable range of the proposed absorber can be realized from 5% to 100% by an external thermal excitation. Meanwhile, an absorption greater than 80% in a continuous range with a bandwidth about 2.0  THz can be obtained when VO 2 is in its metal phase at high temperature. Furthermore, the absorber is insensitive to the incident angle up to 50° and such a broadband THz absorber can be used in applications including imaging, modulating, cloaking, and so on.