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"Wang, Li-Xiang"
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Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Characterization of the LbaLHCB Gene Family Reveals Tissue-Specific Expression and Salt Stress Response in Lycium barbarum
The LHCB gene family plays a crucial role in light harvesting and photoprotection in plants by encoding key components of the photosystem II antenna complex. The LHCB genes are also involved in salt stress. In this study, we systematically identified and characterized 16 LbaLHCB genes in the economically important medicinal plant Lycium barbarum. Comprehensive bioinformatics analyses revealed that these genes are unevenly distributed across seven chromosomes, with notable gene clustering on chromosome 11. Phylogenetic analysis classified them into seven distinct subfamilies, with the LbaLHCB1 subfamily showing significant expansion through gene duplication events. qRT-PCR and transcriptome analyses revealed tissue-specific expression patterns, with LbaLHCB1.6 exhibiting preferential expression in developing fruits, suggesting its potential involvement in fruit development and quality formation. Under salt stress conditions, the LbaLHCB genes displayed dynamic temporal responses: LbaLHCB1.5 was rapidly induced during early stress (1–3 h), LbaLHCB7 reached peak expression at mid-phase (6–12 h), while LbaLHCB1.2 showed significant downregulation during late stress response (24 h). Promoter analysis identified multiple stress-responsive cis-elements, providing molecular insights into their regulation under abiotic stress. These findings significantly advance our understanding of the LbaLHCB gene family’s structural characteristics and functional diversification in L. barbarum, particularly in relation to photosynthesis regulation and stress adaptation. The study provides valuable genetic resources for future molecular breeding aimed at improving stress tolerance and fruit quality in this important medicinal crop.
Journal Article
Mechanical properties of structured high liquid limit clay under maximum drying stress conditions
The selection of structural strength indicators is of utmost importance for slope engineering safety. This paper, with the backdrop of the destruction of high liquid limit clay layers in the Huai River slope, aims to investigate the influence of dry-wet (D-W) cycles on the structural and mechanical properties of undisturbed high liquid limit clay. Through unconfined compression tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests, and triaxial shear tests, the structural behavior, stress-strain curves, porewater pressure-strain curves, and effective stress paths of undisturbed samples taken at three different angles and reconstituted samples were analyzed under the condition of maximum drying stress with 0 and 1 D-W cycle. Based on the impact of D-W cycles on the effective stress path, the shear failure mode of structurally high liquid limit clay under the influence of D-W cycles was identified. A method for evaluating the anisotropic level of structural clay after experiencing D-W cycles was proposed. The test results show that compared with reconstructed soil, the undisturbed high liquid limit clay with structure is more significantly affected by the D-W cycle. After D-W cycles, the CU shear strength of high liquid limit clay increased significantly. The failure mode transitioned from a hardening-shear dilation mode to a softening-partial shear contraction-partial shear dilation mode. The appearance of the phase transition state (PTS) point may be attributed to the partial action of effective stress on cracks inside the sample, resulting in shear contraction. D-W cycles weakened the structural properties (anisotropy) of high liquid limit clay.
Journal Article
The methodological reporting quality in strictly randomized controlled trials for COVID-19 and precise reporting of Chinese herbal medicine formula intervention
Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) formulas played an important role during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CHM for COVID-19 were quickly published. Concerns have been raised about their quality. In addition, inadequate detailed information on CHM formula intervention may arouse suspicion about their effectiveness. We aim to assess the most recent evidence of the methodological reporting quality of these RCTs with strict randomization, and the precise reporting of the CHM formula intervention.
RCTs on CHM formulas for COVID-19 were searched from nine databases. The CONSORT 2010, CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017, and risk of bias were the guidelines used to assess the included RCTs. The checklist of sub-questions based on CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017 was used to evaluate the precise reporting of CHM formula intervention. A comparison was made between RCTs that enrolled participants during and after the first wave of the pandemic (defined here as December 2019 to March 2020).
The average score for 66 studies evaluated based on three guidelines, the CONSORT 2010, the CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017, and the checklist of sub-questions based on the CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017, is 16.4, 15.2, and 17.2, respectively. The reporting rate of sample size calculation, allocation concealment, and blinding is less than 30%. The checklist of sub-questions based on the CONSORT-CHM formulas 2017 can help report and assess CHM formula intervention more precisely. Most studies assessed an \"unclear risk of bias\" due to insufficient information. RCTs published in English and recruited subjects during the first wave of the pandemic have a higher risk of participant blinding bias than the studies recruited subjects after that (
< 0.05).
The methodological reporting quality in strictly randomized RCTs on CHM formulas for COVID-19 is inadequate-the reporting of sample size calculation, allocation concealment, and blinding need to improve especially. The checklist of sub-questions based on CONSORT-CHM formulas 2017 can help report and assess CHM formula intervention more precisely. The methodological reporting quality of RCTs published in English and enrolled participants during the first wave of the pandemic is worse than the studies that recruited subjects after the first wave of the pandemic.
Journal Article
Expression Regulatory Mechanisms of the Key Structural Genes in the Carotenoid Biosynthesis Pathway Under Salt Stress of Lycium barbarum
Salt stress is a major abiotic factor limiting wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) growth. As a high-value medicinal and edible crop, wolfberry relies on its carotenoid content, a critical determinant of fruit quality and nutritional value. To elucidate the expression regulatory mechanisms of key genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway under salt stress, this study systematically identified 17 structural genes within the L. barbarum carotenoid pathway using genomic and transcriptomic approaches. Comprehensive analyses were conducted on gene structure, chromosomal distribution, conserved domains, and cis-acting elements. The results revealed that these genes were clustered on chromosomes Chr08 and Chr10 and exhibit strong collinearity with tomato (18 syntenic pairs). Their promoters were enriched with light-responsive (G-box) and stress-responsive (ABRE, DRE) elements. Tissue-specific expression analysis demonstrated high expression in mid-to-late fruit developmental stages (LbaPSY1, LbaPDS) and in photoprotective genes (LbaZEP, LbaVDE) in leaves. Under 300 mM NaCl stress treatment, the genes exhibited a staged response: Early stage (1–3 h): upstream MEP pathway genes (LbaDXS, LbaGGPS) were rapidly induced to supply precursors. Mid-stage (6–12 h): midstream genes (LbaPSY, LbaPDS, LbaZDS) were continuously upregulated, promoting lycopene synthesis and preferentially activating the β-branch (LbaLCYB). Late stage (12–24 h): downstream xanthophyll cycle genes (LbaBCH, LbaZEP, LbaVDE) were significantly enhanced, facilitating the accumulation of antioxidant compounds like violaxanthin and neoxanthin. This coordinated regulation formed a synergistic “precursor supply–antioxidant product” network. This study revealed the phased and coordinated regulatory network of carotenoid biosynthesis genes under salt stress in L. barbarum. It also provided potential target genes for the new cultivar selection with enhanced salt tolerance and nutritional quality.
Journal Article
Advances in research on the main nutritional quality of daylily, an important flower vegetable of Liliaceae
Daylily ( Hemerocallis citrina ) is a perennial herb of the genus Hemerocallis of Liliaceae. It is also an economically important crop and is widely cultivated. Daylily has nutritional, medicinal and ornamental values. The research literature shows that daylily is a high-quality food raw material rich in soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, dietary fiber, carotenoids, mineral elements, polyphenols and other nutrients, which are effective in clearing heat and diuresis, resolving bruises and stopping bleeding, strengthening the stomach and brain, and reducing serum cholesterol levels. This article reviews the main nutrients of daylily and summarizes the drying process of daylily. In addition, due to the existence of active ingredients, daylily also has a variety of biological activities that are beneficial to human health. This article also highlights the nutritional quality of daylily, the research progress of dried vegetable rehydration technology and dried daylily. In the end, the undeveloped molecular mechanism and functional research status of daylily worldwide are introduced in order to provide reference for the nutritional quality research and dried processing industry of daylily.
Journal Article
Virus-Free Sweet Potato Industry: Development Status and Production Suggestions
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is an important food, feed, and industrial raw material and new energy crop. Its rich nutritional value and health effects are increasingly being recognized by consumers, and the demand is increasing. However, due to the continuous cultivation of sweet potato over many years, the degeneration of seedlings and the accumulation of viral diseases are important factors affecting the yield and quality of sweet potatoes. This article provides an overview and analysis of the types and hazards of sweet potato virus diseases, the advantages of virus-free sweet potatoes, the scale of virus-free sweet potato cultivation, sweet potato stem tip virus-free production technology, its development status, and the existing problems. Combined with the development of the sweet potato industry across China, relevant development suggestions are proposed to provide a reference for promoting the healthy, stable, sustainable, high-quality, and efficient development of the sweet potato industry.
Journal Article
Effects of different rehydration temperatures on rehydration and nutritional quality of dried daylily
Daylily is a unique cash crop in China which uses the unopened flower buds as food organs. Fresh daylily easily deteriorates and dried daylily is the main supply form in the market at present. The main goal of this work is to determine dried daylily water rehydration properties and sugar, lignin, cellulose, carotenoid, flavonoid and polyphenol retention properties under different temperatures and time periods. In this study, daylily was soaked at room temperature (25 °C), 50 °C and 70 °C for different durations. The results showed that after rehydration, the brightness index of daylily increased, while the redness and yellowness value decreased. The higher the water temperature, the faster the water absorption expansion rate and the higher the rehydration rate of the dried daylily, but the higher water temperature can cause the destruction of the microstructure of the daylily. The soluble sugars of dried daylily were easily lost in the rehydration process, the contents of lignin, cellulose and carotenoid were relatively stable. The contents of polyphenols and flavonoids decreased significantly with the increase of rehydration time. The rehydration of dried daylily can be carried out at room temperature, and it is recommended that the rehydration time take 0.5 h.
Journal Article
MHD simulations of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability near the ionopause of Venus across a range of density ratios and magnetic Reynolds numbers
The Kelvin–Helmholtz instability on the ionopause of Venus with different density ratios and magnetic Reynolds numbers has been simulated numerically by using the magnetohydrodynamics equations. For the special case of a Venus-like planet, the plasma density increases from the magnetosheath to the ionosphere. The numerical simulation shows that the density increasing toward the planet has more important effects than the magnetic Reynolds number on the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. And during the evolution of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, there are three different phases, the linear growth phase, followed by a nonlinear phase with vortex-like structure, and finally, the turbulent phase. During the nonlinear evolution of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, the spatial scale of the vortex has a width of about ∼12a, where a is the half width of the shear layer located at the Venusian ionopause. For each phase, the vorticity of the system also has different characteristics. Supersonic flow could appear at the position where the vorticity is stronger in both nonlinear and turbulent phases.
Journal Article
Function of Transient Receptor Potential-Like Channel in Insect Egg Laying
The transient receptor potential-like channel (TRPL) is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family involved in regulating many fundamental senses, such as vision, pain, taste, and touch, in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Yet, the function of TRPL in other important biological processes remains unclear. We discover that TRPL regulates egg laying in two insect species, the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens , and the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster . In both insects, trpl is expressed in the female reproductive organ. Loss of trpl leads to significantly defects in egg laying. In addition, TRPL is functionally interchangeable between the brown planthoppers and flies in egg laying. Altogether, our work uncovers a novel role played by TRPL in regulating egg laying and indicates TRPL as a potential pesticide target in brown planthoppers.
Journal Article