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"Wang, Perry G"
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High-throughput analysis for food safety
HIGH THROUGHPUT ANALYSIS FOR FOOD SAFETY MEETS FSMA REQUIREMENTS WITH THE LATEST ADVANCES IN HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING High-Throughput Analysis for Food Safety addresses the fundamental concepts involved in the rapid screening for contaminants, including residual veterinary drugs, proteins, metals, hormones, pesticides, and adulterants. Addressing the need for—and requirements of—rapid screening tests, the book includes discussions of regulations and compliance issues from perspectives of both domestic and global industry and government contributors. The latest developments and most common techniques are focused on, with an emphasis on the applicability of both stand-alone mass spectrometry methods and coupled techniques. Beginning with a review of high-throughput analysis basics, the authors conduct a full exploration of mass spectrometry applications allowing readers to: * Survey GC-MS, LC-MS, stand-alone MS, and tandem MS methods in foodanalysis and contaminant screening * Review quality control standards, method validation, and ongoing analyticalcontrol * Examine the current methods used to detect veterinary medicinal productresidues in food, as well as future directionsRecent Recent incidents around the globe have turned the food industry toward high-throughput analysis, and the Food Safety Modernization Act has made it a legal requirement in the US. This resource provides an in-depth discussion of the latest advances in methods and instrumentation.
eBook
High-throughput analysis for food safety / edited by Perry G. Wang, Mark F. Vitha, Jack F. Kay
This book focuses on high-throughput analyses for food safety. Because of the contributors domestic and international expertise from industry and government the book appeals to a wider audience. It includes the latest development in rapid screening, with a particular emphasis on the growing use and applicability of a variety of stand-alone mass spectrometry methods as well as using mass spectrometry in hyphenated techniques such as gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Readers will be educated to the field of food safety and rapid test.
eBook
Survey of Mass Spectrometry-Based High-Throughput Methods in Food Analysis
Mass spectrometry (MS) and hyphenated chromatographic techniques have been subjects of dramatic developments, resulting in the introduction of newer tools for the detection and quantitation of diverse analytes in a range of matrices. In addition to these chromatography‐based approaches, a large number of novel direct MS techniques have become available. Their main advantages compared to conventional techniques (GC‐MS, LC‐MS) include the possibility of direct sample examination, minimal or no sample preparation requirements, and remarkably high sample throughput. In this chapter, recent advances in the rapid analysis of food components employing MS as a primary detection tool, both with and without chromatographic separation, are discussed with the emphasis on high sample throughput.
Book Chapter
Introduction: Basic Principles of Assays to be Covered, Sample Handling, and Sample Processing
Food safety is a serious international concern following a number of highly publicized incidents. Food analysis is often challenging and time consuming due to complex matrices. Advances in gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS), and chromatograph‐free MS, have significantly increased sample throughput. This chapter introduces the basic principles of high‐throughput analysis for food safety, the current situation and challenges of food safety and regulations, the residues and matrices of high‐throughput analysis, advanced sample preparation techniques, and future perspectives.
Book Chapter
The paradox of irrigation efficiency
Higher efficiency rarely reduces water consumption Reconciling higher freshwater demands with finite freshwater resources remains one of the great policy dilemmas. Given that crop irrigation constitutes 70% of global water extractions, which contributes up to 40% of globally available calories ( 1 ), governments often support increases in irrigation efficiency (IE), promoting advanced technologies to improve the “crop per drop.” This provides private benefits to irrigators and is justified, in part, on the premise that increases in IE “save” water for reallocation to other sectors, including cities and the environment. Yet substantial scientific evidence ( 2 ) has long shown that increased IE rarely delivers the presumed public-good benefits of increased water availability. Decision-makers typically have not known or understood the importance of basin-scale water accounting or of the behavioral responses of irrigators to subsidies to increase IE. We show that to mitigate global water scarcity, increases in IE must be accompanied by robust water accounting and measurements, a cap on extractions, an assessment of uncertainties, the valuation of trade-offs, and a better understanding of the incentives and behavior of irrigators.
Journal Article
Diagnostic utility of transcriptome sequencing for rare Mendelian diseases
We investigated the value of transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq) in ascertaining the consequence of DNA variants on RNA transcripts to improve the diagnostic rate from exome or genome sequencing for undiagnosed Mendelian diseases spanning a wide spectrum of clinical indications.
From 234 subjects referred to the Undiagnosed Diseases Network, University of California–Los Angeles clinical site between July 2014 and August 2018, 113 were enrolled for high likelihood of having rare undiagnosed, suspected genetic conditions despite thorough prior clinical evaluation. Exome or genome sequencing and RNAseq were performed, and RNAseq data was integrated with genome sequencing data for DNA variant interpretation genome-wide.
The molecular diagnostic rate by exome or genome sequencing was 31%. Integration of RNAseq with genome sequencing resulted in an additional seven cases with clear diagnosis of a known genetic disease. Thus, the overall molecular diagnostic rate was 38%, and 18% of all genetic diagnoses returned required RNAseq to determine variant causality.
In this rare disease cohort with a wide spectrum of undiagnosed, suspected genetic conditions, RNAseq analysis increased the molecular diagnostic rate above that possible with genome sequencing analysis alone even without availability of the most appropriate tissue type to assess.
Journal Article
Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma displays distinct clinical and biological features for treatment failure in rituximab era: a report from the International PTL Consortium
Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PT-DLBCL) is a unique subtype of DLBCL. The impact of rituximab on survival and patterns of treatment failure in PT-DLBCL patient remain controversial. We analyzed the clinical and biological feature of 280 PT-DLBCL cases, 64% of which were treated with rituximab-containing regimens. Although most (95%) patients achieved complete remission, a continuous risk of relapse was observed. Rituximab significantly reduced the cumulative risk of relapse (
P
=0.022) and improved both progression-free survival (PFS,
P
=0.012) and overall survival (OS,
P
=0.027) of PT-DLBCL patients (5-year PFS, 56% vs 36%; 5-year OS, 68% vs 48%). Central nervous system and contralateral testis were the most common sites of relapse, but other extranodal and nodal sites of relapse were also observed. Most cases of PT-DLBCL had a non-germinal center B-cell like (84%) immunophenotype and an activated B-cell like (86%) gene expression profile (GEP) subtype. The distinctive GEP signature of primary testicular lymphoma was relevant to tumor cell proliferation, dysregulated expression of adhesion molecules and immune response, likely accounting for the poor outcome. Accordingly, forkhead box P1 transcription factor (FOXP1) and T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 1 (TCL1) oncogenic activation were confirmed and predicted a significant trend of poor survival. This study provides valuable observations for better understanding of both clinical and biological features in PT-DLBCL patients.
Journal Article