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Even though lead halide perovskite has been demonstrated as a promising optoelectronic material for next-generation display applications, achieving high-efficiency and stable pure-red (620~635 nm) emission to cover the full visible wavelength is still challenging. Here, we report perovskite light-emitting diodes emitting pure-red light at 628 nm achieving high external quantum efficiencies of 26.04%. The performance is attributed to successful synthesizing strongly confined CsPbI 3 quantum dots with good stability. The strong binding 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid ligands are introduced after nucleation to suppress Ostwald ripening, meanwhile, ammonium hexafluorophosphate exchanges long chain ligands and avoids regrowth by strong binding during the purification process. Both ligands enhance the charge transport ability of CsPbI 3 quantum dots. The state-of-the-art synthesis of pure red CsPbI 3 quantum dots achieves 94% high quantum efficiency, which can maintain over 80% after 50 days, providing a method for synthesizing stable strong confined perovskite quantum dots. Li et al. report the regulation of perovskite quantum dot growth after nucleation by designing ligand exchange utilising proton transfer. The Ostwald ripening and regrowth are prohibited with an external quantum efficiency of 26.04% achieved in the pure-red perovskite light-emitting diodes.

A three-dimensional model coupling fluid flow, heat transfer, solidification for slab continuous casting process with flow control mold (FC-Mold) was constructed. The full solidification process from the meniscus to the solidification end of slab was obtained for the first time. The calculation domain was designed according to the actual dimension of the continuous caster. The main results show that the calculated flow speed on the meniscus at different casting speeds and the calculated shell profile had a good agreement with the measured flow speed using nail board measurement and the shell with breakout. The application of FC-Mold could improve the symmetry of flow in width, and suppress the formation of vortices on the meniscus. The decrease of upper magnetic field intensity of FC-Mold reduced the washing effect on the solidifying front, and favored the shell growth in the mold region. In the secondary cooling zone, the shell thickness increased gradually, and the shell grew quickly at the final stage of solidification for the whole mushy form of steel. In addition, FC-Mold had an effect on the shape and position of the solidification end.

In the context of the increasingly prominent contradiction between economic development and ecological environment, how to promote green development has become the core of sustainable economic development. Digital finance is an innovative financial model with a high degree of integration of finance and digital technology and provides a new opportunity for achieving green development. Based on identifying the mechanisms of digital finance and environmental regulation on green development efficiency, this research uses the directional distance function and Malmquist-Luenberger index to measure the green development efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 and then employs a dynamic panel GMM model to empirically analyze the relationships among digital finance, environmental regulation, and green development efficiency. The results of the study show the following. 1) Digital finance contributes to the efficiency improvement of green development. 2) Environmental regulation has not yet crossed the Porter’s inflection point and still has a dampening effect on green development efficiency. 3) The synergy between digital finance and environmental regulation has a positive impact on green development. 4) Digital finance alleviates the financing constraints arising from environmental regulation and to some extent weakens the negative effect of environmental regulation on the efficiency of green development. In view of this, the government should give full play to the active role of digital finance in eco-environmental governance, optimize the top-level design of environmental regulation, and promote industrial structure upgrading and optimal allocation of financial resources.

The gut microbiota plays an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC), and the use of probiotics might be a promising intervention method. The aim of our study was to investigate the beneficial effect of Bifidobacterium bifidum CGMCC 15068 on an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis-associated CRC (CAC) mouse model. CAC was induced by an intra-peritoneal injection of AOM (10 mg/kg) and three 7-day cycles of 2% DSS in drinking water with a 14-day recovery period between two consecutive DSS administrations. B. bifidum CGMCC 15068 (3 × 109 CFU/mL) was gavaged once daily during the recovery period. Then, the faecal microbial composition and metabolome were profiled using the 16S rRNA sequencing technology and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. The administration of B. bifidum CGMCC 15068 attenuated tumourigenesis in the CAC mouse model. In addition, B. bifidum CGMCC 15068 pre-treatment increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia, Desulfovibrionaceae, Romboutsia, Turicibacter, Verrucomicrobiaceae, Ruminococcaceae_UCG_013, Lachnospiraceae_UCG_004, and Lactobacillus. Meanwhile, B. bifidum CGMCC 15068 altered metabolites involved in the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glycolysis, butyrate metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and galactose metabolism. Several significant correlations were identified between the differentially abundant microbes and metabolites. These findings supported the beneficial role of B. bifidum CGMCC 15068 in intestinal health by modulating dysbiosis and the gut metabolic profile. The manipulation of the gut microbial composition using probiotics might be a promising prevention strategy for CRC. Long-term and large-scale clinical trials are warranted for the potential clinical applications of this strategy in the future.

To develop and validate a nomogram model for discriminating simple intestinal obstruction and strangulated intestinal obstruction, thus providing objective evidence for clinical decision-making. Following pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria, a retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 560 patients diagnosed with intestinal obstruction who were admitted to the Emergency Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022. The data was subsequently split into a training cohort ( n  = 393) and a validation cohort ( n  = 167) using a 7:3 ratio. To identify independent risk and protective factors associated with strangulated intestinal obstruction, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed. Based on the identified factors, a nomogram prediction model was constructed. The model’s discriminatory ability was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the curve (AUC), and the corrected C-index. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was utilized to evaluate the model’s goodness of fit in both the training and validation cohorts. Calibration curves were generated to assess the model’s accuracy in predicting the probability of strangulated intestinal obstruction. Finally, decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to evaluate the model’s potential clinical utility. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified neutrophil percentage, peritoneal irritation sign, and abdominal fluid as independent risk factors for strangulated intestinal obstruction, while albumin emerged as an independent protective factor. These factors were incorporated into the nomogram, demonstrating high discrimination (AUC of 0.842[95%CI: 0.787–0.897] in the training set and 0.839 [95%CI: 0.742–0.937] in the validation set) and good calibration. The corrected C-index further supported the model’s performance in the training (0.833) and validation (0.813) cohorts. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test results ( p  = 0.759 and p  = 0.505, respectively) indicated a good model fit in both cohorts. Calibration curves confirmed the close agreement between the nomogram predictions and actual observations. Finally, DCA corroborated the model’s net clinical benefit. The comprehensive nomogram developed in this study emerged as a promising and convenient tool for evaluating the risk of strangulated intestinal obstruction, thereby aiding clinicians in screening the high-risk population.

Background Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents, exhibits high metastasis and poor response to current therapies. DNA Ligase I (LIG1), a key enzyme in DNA replication and repair, has been implicated in multiple cancers, but its role in OS remains unclear. Methods Transcriptomic and clinical data from the TCGA–OS cohort were analyzed to assess LIG1 expression, immune infiltration, and prognosis. Functional studies using gain- and loss-of-function assays evaluated its impact on OS cell viability, clonogenicity, and apoptosis. The effects of LIG1 inhibition by epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were also examined. Results LIG1 was significantly upregulated in OS tissues and correlated with reduced overall and disease-free survival. High LIG1 expression was linked to an immunosuppressive microenvironment with fewer cytotoxic T cells and increased Tregs and M2 macrophages. Functionally, LIG1 promoted OS cell proliferation and survival, while its inhibition by EGCG suppressed tumor growth. Conclusions LIG1 drives OS progression and immune evasion by remodeling the tumor microenvironment. It serves as an independent prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target, particularly in combination with immune checkpoint blockade. Graphical Abstract

Acute liver failure is a clinical emergency associated with high mortality. Accumulating evidence indicates that gut microbiota participates in the progression of liver injury, and preventive therapies based on altering gut microbiota are of great interest. Previous studies demonstrated that Lactobacillus salivarius LI01 attenuates hepatic injury, though efficiency in curtailed in the harsh environment in the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, a system to encapsulate LI01 in alginate-pectin (AP) microgels was investigated. Encapsulation significantly enhances probiotic viability for long-term storage and heat treatment, and in simulated gastrointestinal fluids (SGF or SIF) and bile salt solutions. Acute liver injury was induced in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by D-galactosamine (D-GaIN) injection following pretreatment with probiotics. Liver and gut barrier function, cytokines, liver and gut histology, bacterial translocation, and gut microbiota were assessed. Administration of encapsulated LI01 more effectively upregulates hepatic anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and TLR-3, restores expressions of gut barrier biomarkers Claudin-1 and MUC2 and attenuates destruction of mucosal ultrastructure compared with unencapsulated probiotics pretreatment. Pretreatment with AP-LI01 microgels altered the microbial community, decreasing the abundance of pathogenic taxa Ruminiclostridium, Dorea and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-004 and enriching beneficial taxa Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Eubacterium, and Prevotella_1 that produce short-chain fatty acids. These results suggest that AP encapsulation of LI01 boosts viability and attenuates liver injury by reducing inflammation and restoring intestinal barrier function. These beneficial effects are probably due to alternation of gut flora. These findings provide new insight into encapsulation technology and prevention of liver failure.Key points• Alginate-pectin encapsulation enhances the viability of Lactobacillus salivarius LI01 under simulated commercial conditions and simulated gastrointestinal environment.• AP-LI01 microgel attenuates hepatic and intestinal inflammation and restores gut barrier function.• AP-LI01 microgel alters gut microbial community with increased SCFAs producers and decreased pathogenic microbes.• Beneficial improvements after administration of probiotics are highly associated with alternation of gut microbial community.

Previous studies have confirmed that money scarcity can impede individuals’ cognitive control; however, it remains unclear how this effect occurs. This study created a virtual shopping game that can vividly simulate individuals’ shopping-related thought processes in daily life to systematically investigate how money scarcity influences cognitive control. Participants were randomly assigned to either a money scarcity group or a money rich group and were asked to perform a virtual shopping game, an emotion test, and a cognitive control task. In the first two experiments, the participants were asked to perform a space compatibility task (Experiment 1) or a face task (Experiment 2) after completing the virtual shopping task, in which they indicated whether they would purchase the probe commodity. The results showed that (1) the response times of the money scarcity group in both the space compatibility task and the face task were markedly lower than those of the money rich group, and (2) the cognitive flexibility and interference suppression of the money rich group were greater than those of the money scarcity group; however, there was no obvious difference in response inhibition. Experiment 3 embedded the space compatibility task within the virtual shopping task. The response times of the money scarcity group were still markedly slower than those of the money rich group. Thus, money scarcity impedes individuals’ cognitive control, primarily by weakening their cognitive flexibility and interference suppression. Plain language summary Money scarcity influence cognitive control Money scarcity impedes individuals’ cognitive control, primarily by weakening their cognitive flexibility and interference suppression.

Summary Millions of people die from liver diseases annually, and liver failure is one of the three major outcomes of liver disease. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in liver diseases. This study aimed to explore the effects of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS), a probiotics used widely around the world, on acute liver injury (ALI), as well as the underlying mechanism. Sprague Dawley rats were intragastrically administered LcS suspensions or placebo once daily for 7 days before induction of ALI by intraperitoneal injection of D‐galactosamine (D‐GalN). Histopathological examination and assessments of liver biochemical markers, inflammatory cytokines, and the gut microbiota, metabolome and transcriptome were conducted. Our results showed that pretreatment with LcS reduced hepatic and intestinal damage and reduced the elevation of serum gamma‐glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), total bile acids, IL‐5, IL‐10, G‐CSF and RANTES. The analysis of the gut microbiota, metabolome and transcriptome showed that LcS lowered the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes; reduced the enrichment of metabolites such as chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, d‐talose and N‐acetyl‐glucosamine, reduce the depletion of d‐glucose and l‐methionine; and alleviated the downregulation of retinol metabolism and PPAR signalling and the upregulation of the pyruvate metabolism pathway in the liver. These results indicate the promising prospect of using LcS for the treatment of liver diseases, particularly ALI. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with the probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) on acute liver injury (ALI) in rats. LcS administration ameliorates ALI‐related organ damage, alleviating inflammatory status and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, the LcS‐reshaped gut microbiota is shown to modulate liver injury‐related signalling pathways and enterohepatic cross‐talk. These findings support the use of LcS as a promising functional food additive in liver disease treatments.