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Migrant workers are a unique group under China’s urban–rural dual system, and improving their well-being is an intrinsic requirement for achieving common prosperity. In recent years, human–robot collaboration has come forth as a novel work paradigm. Comprehending the influence of human–robot collaboration on the well-being of migrant workers is a vital yet insufficiently investigated matter. With the conservation of resources theory as an analytical framework, this study empirically analyzes data from a two-stage survey of 382 migrant workers in Chinese manufacturing enterprises. The findings suggest that perceived human–robot collaboration can positively influence migrant workers’ well-being by facilitating perceived decent work, while also negatively affecting their well-being by increasing job replacement anxiety. Perceived organizational support plays a positive moderating role in two distinct aspects: on the one hand, the relationship between perceived human–robot collaboration and perceived decent work; on the other hand, the mediating effect through which perceived decent work connects perceived human–robot collaboration with the well-being of migrant workers. Conversely, perceived organizational support exerts a negative moderating effect on the association between perceived human–robot collaboration and job replacement anxiety, while job replacement anxiety functions as a mediator in the relationship linking perceived human–robot collaboration to migrant workers’ well-being. This study helps understand how human–robot collaboration in manufacturing enterprises affects the well-being of migrant workers.

Scaling up methanol yields by artificial photosynthesis at a modest cost remains thermodynamically challenge. Designing concerted reaction sites to control intermediate evolution and stimulate proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) is necessary. Here we show a nickel-titanium-based catalyst that achieves near-millimolar hourly methanol yields with 99.79% selectivity and a solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency of 2.23%. This catalyst is synthesized through one-step etching of NiTi-layered double hydroxide, which generates abundant unsaturated sites, along with the in-situ formation of amorphous TiO 2 . Revealed by in-situ characterizations, these defect-rich units effectively suppress the formation of undesirable carbonate while promoting the favorable *COOH intermediate. Furthermore, theoretical simulations confirm this *COOH boost facilitates the production of *CO and accelerates the PCET steps. This work significantly advances efficient methanol production by artificial photosynthesis and offers fundamental insights into controlling reaction pathways for renewable fuel synthesis. Artificial photosynthesis to produce CH 3 OH holds promise but faces selectivity challenges. Here, the authors report a defect-phase synergetic NiTi-TiO 2 system that achieves almost 100% CH 3 OH selectivity in pure H 2 O by successfully controlling the evolution of key reaction intermediates.

In view of the advantage of cross-polarized inspection (CrPI) in microwave nondestructive testing (MNT), in this paper a dual-polarized narrow-beam antenna as the pivotal reflectometric sensor is systematically designed and realized particularly for enhancement of detection and imaging of subsurface defects in dielectric structures. The antenna is equipped with a compact asymmetric waveguide orthomode transducer, with Teflon used as the internal filling material, in an effort to reduce its size and narrow the beamwidth. The internal dimensions of the realized dual-polarized narrow-beam antenna are optimized via numerical simulations. Based on the optimal design parameters, the antenna is fabricated and assessed through experiments. The experimental results reveal that the fabricated antenna has better metric indicators in terms of a return loss better than 10 dB, isolation better than 40 dB in 30.0 GHz~36.0 GHz and half-power beamwidths below 36.9° at 36.0 GHz. In order to further affirm the applicability of the fabricated antenna for CrPI, an MNT system is established to perform two-dimensional scanning and imaging of back-surface volumetric defects in polyethylene specimens. Based on the image characteristics of CrPI, a flaw-recovery algorithm is proposed to retrieve the defect opening profile. The averaged contrast-to-noise ratio of the processed CrPI-based image is found to be approximately five times larger than that of the raw CrPI-based image and fourteen times bigger than that of the raw CoPI-based image. Experimental results have further indicated that the fabricated antenna is feasible for not only co-polarized inspection (CoPI) but for CrPI, which exhibits higher testing sensitivity and defect-image contrast than CoPI. In conjunction with the flaw-recovery algorithm, by utilizing the dual-polarized narrow-beam antenna with the better metric indicators for CrPI, the image quality of the back-surface flaws in polyethylene slabs can be effectively improved.

Spiritual care occupies a special position in overall care and improving the quality of services provided to patients. However, China's higher nursing education is still in its infancy. The purpose of this research is to explore the heterogeneity of spiritual care competence of undergraduate nursing students in China. A multicenter cross-sectional design was employed. From July 2024 to February 2025, a convenience sample of 1,224 undergraduate nursing students was recruited from four nursing colleges in the Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province, China. Data were collected using the Chinese versions of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale, the Spiritual Care Cognition Scale, and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed using SPSS version 27.0, while latent profile analysis and ordinal logistic regression were conducted using Mplus version 8.0. The mean total score for spiritual care competence was 77.61 ± 14.61. Latent profile analysis identified three distinct profiles: a low-competence group (47.1%, 62.3 ± 8.2), a moderate-competence group (42.1%, 79.6 ± 6.7), and a high-competence group (10.8%, 95.1 ± 7.9). The model demonstrated high classification accuracy, with an entropy value of 0.948, and the Lo-Mendell-Rubin likelihood ratio test (LMRT) was significant (p = 0.006). Spiritual care competence was significantly positively correlated with spiritual care cognition (r = 0.540) and sense of meaning in life (r = 0.479) (both p < 0.01). Ordinal logistic regression indicated that lack of clinical internship experience, distant teacher-student relationships, absence of humanistic care education, lower levels of spiritual care cognition, and lower sense of meaning in life were key predictors of membership in lower competence profiles. The spiritual care competence of undergraduate nursing students in China is underdeveloped and urgently needs to be improved. Their potential profiles can be divided into three categories, namely C1-low spiritual care competence, C2-medium spiritual care competence and C3-high spiritual care competence. Clinical internships, effective teacher-student mentoring, humanistic education, as well as individual spiritual cognition and sense of meaning in life, are key facilitators of competence development. It is recommended to integrate structured spiritual care training into undergraduate nursing curricula and to establish a systematic mentorship program.

Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and enzymes (AMEs) are promising non-antibiotic candidates against antimicrobial resistance but suffer from low efficiency and poor stability. Here, we develop peptide nanozymes which mimic the mode of action of AMPs and AMEs through de novo design and peptide assembly. Through modelling a minimal building block of IHIHICI is proposed by combining critical amino acids in AMPs and AMEs and hydrophobic isoleucine to conduct assembly. Experimental validations reveal that IHIHICI assemble into helical β-sheet nanotubes with acetate modulation and perform phospholipase C-like and peroxidase-like activities with Ni coordination, demonstrating high thermostability and resistance to enzymatic degradation. The assembled nanotubes demonstrate cascade antifungal actions including outer mannan docking, wall disruption, lipid peroxidation and subsequent ferroptotic death, synergistically killing >90% Candida albicans within 10 min on disinfection pad. These findings demonstrate an effective de novo design strategy for developing materials with multi-antimicrobial mode of actions. Natural antimicrobial peptides and enzymes are good candidates for application but suffer from low stability. Here, the authors report on biomimetic self-assembling peptides which mimic both antimicrobial peptide and enzyme functionality, demonstrating application against fungal infection.

Supercapacitors are promising energy storage devices that combine high power density, fast charge/discharge rates, and excellent cycling stability. However, their relatively low energy density compared to batteries remains a major challenge. To address this limitation, redox additive electrolytes have emerged as a key strategy to introduce reversible Faradaic reactions, significantly enhancing the energy storage capacity of supercapacitors. This mini-review systematically summarizes recent advancements in the use of redox-active species across aqueous, non-aqueous, and solid-state/gel electrolytes. We highlight the role of both inorganic and organic redox additives, detailing their mechanisms, advantages, and limitations in improving energy density and stability. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges associated with redox species, such as solubility, long-term stability, and parasitic side reactions, which hinder their practical applications. Future research directions are proposed to optimize redox-active materials and electrolyte systems, aiming to develop next-generation supercapacitors with superior energy density, extended cycling life, and enhanced applicability.

In an era marked by escalating uncertainty in the external environment, enhancing enterprise resilience is a top research priority. Although the business environment exerts a considerable influence on enterprise activities, the academic community has paid scant attention to how it impacts enterprise resilience. Based on the data of China’s urban business environment and sample data of listed companies from 2013 to 2021, this study examined the long-term value of the business environment from the perspective of enterprise resilience and explores its underlying mechanisms. It found that the business environment is crucial in improving the enterprise resilience. The human resource, financial, market and innovation environments are the main factors that contribute to enterprise resilience. Mechanism tests revealed that the business environment fosters enterprise resilience by propelling digital innovation. Furthermore, entrepreneurial spirit can amplify the positive effects of the business environment on digital innovation, thereby strengthening enterprise resilience. Heterogeneity analysis suggested that upgrading the business environment exhibits a more salient improvement in resilience for private enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises and high-tech industries compared to state-owned, large-sized and traditional industries. This study investigates the important theoretical and practical value of understanding how to enhance enterprise resilience through optimising the business environment, driving digital innovation and fostering entrepreneurial spirit.

Based on the emission factor method and LMDI-LEAP model, this paper systematically studies the current situation, influencing factors and changing trend of carbon emissions from rural buildings in a typical village located in southern China. The results showed that (1) the per capita carbon emissions generated by the energy consumption of rural buildings is 2.58 tCO2/a. Carbon emissions from electricity consumption in buildings account for about 96.07%; (2) the per capita building area, building area energy intensity, population size, population structure and carbon emission coefficient affect rural building carbon emissions, with contribution rates of 70.13%, 31.27%, 0.61%, −1.21% and −0.80%, respectively; (3) from 2021 to 2060, the carbon emissions of rural buildings are expected to increase first and then decrease. In 2021, the base year, carbon emissions from buildings were 2755.49 tCO2. The carbon emissions will peak at 5275.5 tCO2. Measures such as controlling the scale of buildings and improving the utilization rate of clean energy can effectively reduce carbon emissions, in which case the peak can be reduced to 4830.06 tCO2. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions about rural building energy saving and emission reduction are proposed, including improving the construction management, raising energy efficiency standards in buildings, increasing the proportion of clean energy and raising residents’ awareness of energy conservation.

Exposure to microgravity results in cardiovascular deconditioning, with endothelial cell apoptosis recognized as a pivotal initiating event. However, the mechanosensitive mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of mechanosensitive ion channel protein PIEZO1 is upregulated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under simulated microgravity. Functional studies revealed that PIEZO1 activation promotes endothelial apoptosis under simulated microgravity conditions. Proteomic analysis following PIEZO1 knockdown revealed extensive alterations in biological processes associated with apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that PIEZO1 activation triggers calcium influx, leading to elevated expression of the HMGA2. Moreover, we identify that PIEZO1 activation induces calcium influx, which subsequently elevates the expression of HMGA2. The knockdown of HMGA2 significantly mitigated microgravity-induced endothelial apoptosis, indicating its role in PIEZO1-mediated apoptosis. These findings reveal a novel PIEZO1–Ca2+–HMGA2 axis critical for microgravity-induced endothelial apoptosis, providing mechanistic insight into cardiovascular adaptation to spaceflight and potential therapeutic targets for countermeasure development.

Background Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are plant-specific transcription factors involved in growth, development, and stress responses. Mikania micrantha , a highly invasive weed, displays rapid growth and adaptability, yet the GRF gene family in this species remains largely unexplored. Results We identified and characterized 16 GRF genes in M. micrantha , analyzing their phylogeny, gene structure, collinearity, and expression patterns. These genes were classified into six subfamilies and showed conserved synteny with GRFs from Arabidopsis thaliana and Asteraceae species, with all gene pairs under purifying selection. Expression profiling revealed high transcript levels of most MmiGRF s in stem tips and young tissues. Hormone treatments demonstrated that MmiGRF s responded differentially to GA 3 , ABA, IAA, BR, 6-BA, and MeJA, with MmiGRF8 notably upregulated by all treatments. Subcellular localization confirmed nuclear localization of MmiGRF proteins. Additionally, five miR396 members were predicted to target 15 MmiGRF s, with MmiGRF10 containing two distinct sites. Conclusion This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the M. micrantha GRF gene family, revealing their potential roles in rapid growth and environmental adaptation. These findings offer molecular insights into the species’ invasive capacity and support future strategies for its control.