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"Wang, Shuo"
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الأساطير الصينية
يجمع الكتاب المعطيات المفترقة في المؤلفات القديمة الصينية وترتب الأساطير المعينة في المكان المناسب مما يشكل نظام متفق مع سرد الأساطير العادية لتسهيل القراءة للأساطير الصينية الوفيرة بشكل عام. ويتميز الكتاب بتنظيم المواد التاريخية، وتجميع الحكايات، وإنشاء الهيكل العام لتاريخ الأساطير الصينية. من ناحية أخرى، يقارن بينها وبين الأساطير الغربية (خاصة اليونانية)، ويعرض كل منها على حدة. صدر الكتاب ضمن سلسلة «الصين الثقافية».
BOOK
Logarithmic singularity subtraction for matrix‐friendly layered medium Green's functions
A subtraction procedure is proposed to evaluate the logarithmic singularity for matrix‐friendly layered medium Green's functions. In this subtraction procedure, an integral of the Bessel function combined with the exponential function and power function, where the sum of the power of kρ $k_{\\rho }$and the order of the Bessel function is −1, is designed to fit the oscillation of the tail integral. After subtracting the designed integral, the integrand of the remainder decreases rapidly. Accordingly, the remainder can be calculated without finding any surface poles or steepest descent path, while the subtracted part can be calculated analytically. Several numerical examples are provided to reveal the feasibility and the accuracy of the proposed method. As a supplement to the canonical singularity subtraction method, the logarithmic singularities subtraction proposed in this work helps the terms in matrix‐friendly LMGFs be calculated efficiently and accurately without any specific integration paths. Besides, the logarithmic singularities in matrix‐friendly LMGFs, in which the sum of power of kP $k_{\\text{P}}$and the order of Bessel function is −1, are exactly subtracted by the proposed extraction procedure.
Journal Article
Face size biases emotion judgment through eye movement
Faces are the most commonly used stimuli to study emotions. Researchers often manipulate the emotion contents and facial features to study emotion judgment, but rarely manipulate low-level stimulus features such as face sizes. Here, I investigated whether a mere difference in face size would cause differences in emotion judgment. Subjects discriminated emotions in fear-happy morphed faces. When subjects viewed larger faces, they had an increased judgment of fear and showed a higher specificity in emotion judgment, compared to when they viewed smaller faces. Concurrent high-resolution eye tracking further provided mechanistic insights: subjects had more fixations onto the eyes when they viewed larger faces whereas they had a wider dispersion of fixations when they viewed smaller faces. The difference in eye movement was present across fixations in serial order but independent of morph level, ambiguity level, or behavioral judgment. Together, this study not only suggested a link between emotion judgment and eye movement, but also showed importance of equalizing stimulus sizes when comparing emotion judgments.
Journal Article
Compound Dry and Wet Extremes Lead to an Increased Risk of Rice Yield Loss
Extreme dry and wet events can result in significant crop yield losses. However, the impact of consecutive occurrence of dry and wet extremes on crop yield remains unclear. Here, we investigate the hotspots of compound dry and wet (CDW) extremes across global rice croplands and their impacts on rice yield. We identify a significant increasing trend in the frequency of CDW extremes during 1981–2016. The risk of yield loss caused by CDW extremes can be twice as high as the risk from individual wet and dry extremes. Furthermore, we find that global rice croplands face a 43% higher risk of rice yield loss due to dry‐to‐wet extremes compared to wet‐to‐dry extremes. Our findings provide new insights into the sustainability of global rice production and food security in the face of compound hydrological extremes. Plain Language Summary It is widely recognized that compound events may exert larger impacts on crop production compared to individual extremes. Here, we investigate the consecutive occurrence of dry and wet (CDW) extremes during the rice‐growing season and estimate their impacts on rice yield. We observe a significant increase in the frequency of CDW extremes across global rice croplands during the rice‐growing season from 1981 to 2016. The CDW extremes exert a larger impact on rice yield loss compared to individual wet and dry extremes. The CDW extremes, characterized by longer durations of both dry and wet extremes and faster transitions between them, have an even more adverse influence on rice yield. The risk of yield loss caused by CDW extremes is 200% higher than the risk from individual wet and dry extremes. Furthermore, global rice croplands face a 43% higher risk of yield loss due to dry‐to‐wet extremes than wet‐to‐dry extremes. Key Points A significant increasing trend in the frequency of compound dry and wet (CDW) extremes was observed across global rice croplands The risk of rice yield loss caused by CDW extremes can be twice as high as the risk from individual wet and dry extremes Global rice croplands face a 43% higher risk of rice yield loss caused by dry‐to‐wet extremes compared to wet‐to‐dry extremes
Journal Article
Correlating charge and thermoelectric transport to paracrystallinity in conducting polymers
The conceptual understanding of charge transport in conducting polymers is still ambiguous due to a wide range of paracrystallinity (disorder). Here, we advance this understanding by presenting the relationship between transport, electronic density of states and scattering parameter in conducting polymers. We show that the tail of the density of states possesses a Gaussian form confirmed by two-dimensional tight-binding model supported by Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamics simulations. Furthermore, by using the Boltzmann Transport Equation, we find that transport can be understood by the scattering parameter and the effective density of states. Our model aligns well with the experimental transport properties of a variety of conducting polymers; the scattering parameter affects electrical conductivity, carrier mobility, and Seebeck coefficient, while the effective density of states only affects the electrical conductivity. We hope our results advance the fundamental understanding of charge transport in conducting polymers to further enhance their performance in electronic applications.
Obtaining a complete picture for charge transport in conducting polymers is vital to designing new organic electronic materials. Here, the authors show that a gaussian density of states clarifies the transport physics in conducting polymers by revealing the role of carrier scattering on transport.
Journal Article
Update 2020: nomenclature and listing of celiac disease–relevant gluten epitopes recognized by CD4+ T cells
Celiac disease is caused by an abnormal intestinal T cell response to cereal gluten proteins. The disease has a strong human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association, and CD4+ T cells recognizing gluten epitopes presented by disease-associated HLA-DQ allotypes are considered to be drivers of the disease. This paper provides an update of the currently known HLA-DQ restricted gluten T cell epitopes with their names and sequences.
Journal Article
All-carbon-based porous topological semimetal for Li-ion battery anode material
Topological state of matter and lithium batteries are currently two hot topics in science and technology. Here we combine these two by exploring the possibility of using all-carbon-based porous topological semimetal for lithium battery anode material. Based on density-functional theory and the cluster-expansion method, we find that the recently identified topological semimetal bco-C16 is a promising anode material with higher specific capacity (Li-C₄) than that of the commonly used graphite anode (Li-C₆), and Li ions in bco-C16 exhibit a remarkable one-dimensional (1D) migration feature, and the ion diffusion channels are robust against the compressive and tensile strains during charging/discharging. Moreover, the energy barrier decreases with increasing Li insertion and can reach 0.019 eV at high Li ion concentration; the average voltage is as low as 0.23 V, and the volume change during the operation is comparable to that of graphite. These intriguing theoretical findings would stimulate experimental work on topological carbon materials.
Journal Article
Detouring between the Mass and Elite Culture: Research on Susan Sontag’s Camp Sensibility
Susan Sontag’s 1964 essay, “Notes on ‘Camp’,” was penned against the backdrop of a pervasive elitist culture in New York. Through her exploration of Camp taste and its corresponding artistic styles, Sontag scrutinizes the rigid standards and hierarchical orders within the context of art criticism, challenging the conventional dichotomy of good versus bad art and moral aesthetic criteria. Sontag emphasizes the aesthetic function inherent in language and artistic forms, uncovering marginalized and even theatricalized nonmainstream expressions. She advocates for a life experience that transcends utilitarianism, through a sensuous engagement, and calls for a return of art to life and to the core of aesthetic sensibility. More importantly, her narrative adopts an “innocent” stance of a bystander, artfully detouring between the culture and tastes of mass culture and elite culture. The introduction of ‘Camp’ creates a possibility for transcending the boundaries between mass culture and elite culture, and for facilitating interaction in the implementation of aesthetic experiences through education. It connects the communicative exchange processes among individuals and groups at the level of tools or media.
Journal Article
Polymer morphology and interfacial charge transfer dominate over energy-dependent scattering in organic-inorganic thermoelectrics
Hybrid (organic-inorganic) materials have emerged as a promising class of thermoelectric materials, achieving power factors (S
2
σ) exceeding those of either constituent. The mechanism of this enhancement is still under debate, and pinpointing the underlying physics has proven difficult. In this work, we combine transport measurements with theoretical simulations and first principles calculations on a prototypical PEDOT:PSS-Te(Cu
x
) nanowire hybrid material system to understand the effect of templating and charge redistribution on the thermoelectric performance. Further, we apply the recently developed Kang-Snyder charge transport model to show that scattering of holes in the hybrid system, defined by the energy-dependent scattering parameter, remains the same as in the host polymer matrix; performance is instead dictated by polymer morphology manifested in an energy-independent transport coefficient. We build upon this language to explain thermoelectric behavior in a variety of PEDOT and P3HT based hybrids acting as a guide for future work in multiphase materials.
To realize the potential of soft hybrid (inorganic-organic) materials for thermoelectrics, the underlying transport-related physics must be understood. Here, the authors extend the Kang-Synder framework with experimental analysis to gain insight on the thermoelectric transport in hybrid materials.
Journal Article
Distributed Relative Localization Algorithms for Multi-Robot Networks: A Survey
For a network of robots working in a specific environment, relative localization among robots is the basis for accomplishing various upper-level tasks. To avoid the latency and fragility of long-range or multi-hop communication, distributed relative localization algorithms, in which robots take local measurements and calculate localizations and poses relative to their neighbors distributively, are highly desired. Distributed relative localization has the advantages of a low communication burden and better system robustness but encounters challenges in the distributed algorithm design, communication protocol design, local network organization, etc. This paper presents a detailed survey of the key methodologies designed for distributed relative localization for robot networks. We classify the distributed localization algorithms regarding to the types of measurements, i.e., distance-based, bearing-based, and multiple-measurement-fusion-based. The detailed design methodologies, advantages, drawbacks, and application scenarios of different distributed localization algorithms are introduced and summarized. Then, the research works that support distributed localization, including local network organization, communication efficiency, and the robustness of distributed localization algorithms, are surveyed. Finally, popular simulation platforms are summarized and compared in order to facilitate future research and experiments on distributed relative localization algorithms.
Journal Article