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"Wang, Tianqi"
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دراسات حول الفضاء العالمي و\الحزام والطريق\ : (مجلد الموانئ البحرية)
ينقسم الكتاب إلى خمسة فصول، يقدم الفصل الأول نظام الموانئ العالمي والعلاقات بين المدن الساحلية والتعاون في مجال الموانئ، ويناقش الفصل الثاني الخدمات اللوجستية البحرية العالمية وتطوير لوجستيات الموانئ الرئيسية، ويتناول الفصل الثالث نظام الموانئ في الصين وخصائصه. الاستجابة العالمية: يحلل الفصل الرابع بشكل رئيسي مؤشر البلطيق، وهو مؤشر تقييم مراكز الشحن الدولية، ويناقش الفصل الخامس نمط الموانئ العالمية وتغيرات النظام وتطور النقل البحري بناءً على منظور عالمي.
BOOK
Small molecules in targeted cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and future perspectives
Due to the advantages in efficacy and safety compared with traditional chemotherapy drugs, targeted therapeutic drugs have become mainstream cancer treatments. Since the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib was approved to enter the market by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2001, an increasing number of small-molecule targeted drugs have been developed for the treatment of malignancies. By December 2020, 89 small-molecule targeted antitumor drugs have been approved by the US FDA and the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China. Despite great progress, small-molecule targeted anti-cancer drugs still face many challenges, such as a low response rate and drug resistance. To better promote the development of targeted anti-cancer drugs, we conducted a comprehensive review of small-molecule targeted anti-cancer drugs according to the target classification. We present all the approved drugs as well as important drug candidates in clinical trials for each target, discuss the current challenges, and provide insights and perspectives for the research and development of anti-cancer drugs.
Journal Article
دراسات حول الفضاء العالمي و\الحزام والطريق\ : (مجلد الثقافة)
ينطلق هذا المجلد من العلاقة الهيكلية بين \"الفضاء\" و\"الثقافة\"، ويجمع بين مفهوم \"الفضاء\" في الجغرافيا ومفهوم \"السياق\" في الدراسات الثقافية وغيرهم من المفاهيم الأخرى، ويشرح نماذج ودلالات وأهداف مبادرة \"الحزام والطريق\" في سياق الحضارة الحديثة، ويصف صورة امتداد الحضارة على المحور التاريخي لـ \"الحزام والطريق\"، ويحلل الدلالة الثقافية في كل من اتجاه القيمة وبناء القوة الناعمة وإنشاء السياق الشرقي الخاصين بمبادرة \"الحزام والطريق\"، ويفسر علاقة الارتباط بين الثقافة الوطنية لـ \"الحزام والطريق\" والفضاء الوطني، ويكشف عن السرد عبر الفضاء للرموز الثقافية لـ \"الحزام والطريق\" ويوضح التعبير الرقمي والمرئي لواقع \"الحزام والطريق\"
Book
Major Depressive Disorder: A General Overview
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) has become a serious mental health problem with a lifetime prevalence of 15% to 20%. MDD is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, disability, and negative influence on patient's daily life This article is an overview of MDD, including its etiology, impacts, treatments, and recommendations for future perspective. The paper's results and discussion section will list the possible causes of MDD from biological, physiological, and social perspectives, such as physical active level and sleeping quality. Along with its impacts on individuals in social relationship, health and financial status. The article will also list several common treatment methods, for example, antidepressants, Electroconvulsive Therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Then provide some details regarding the perspective for the future. Overall, the readers could have a general overview to MDD. This paper is a review based on researches and studies collected using Google Scholar and PubMed Central in the field of MDD. Fundamental information about MDD is obtained from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: 5th edition. For the etiology section, the primary source is Dean's study, which provides comprehensive information about the etiology of MDD. The overview of treatment is based on Li's study , which provides a clinical guideline on MDD treatment process. The article will also reference several other academic sources such as Cui's study and Mullen's study in order to provides a comprehensive overview of MDD.
Journal Article
دراسات حول الفضاء العالمي و\الحزام والطريق\ : (مجلد السياحة)
إن استراتيجية \"الحزام والطريق\" هي عملية طويلة الأمد، ولا يمكن وصف دورها في تعزيز تنمية السياحة ببساطة. يحلل \"الفضاء العالمي و\"حزام واحد وطريق واحد\" حجم السياحة\" الوضع الحالي لتنمية السياحة العالمية في سياق استراتيجية \"حزام واحد وطريق واحد\"، ويقدم بالتفصيل تطور السياحة العالمية والخلفية السياحية. \"حزام وطريق\"، بما في ذلك نظرة عامة على صناعة السياحة العالمية، والاتجاهات الجديدة في تنمية السياحة العالمية ونمط السياحة العالمية، وما إلى ذلك، واستنادا إلى تحليل فرص وتحديات تنمية السياحة العالمية والصينية، والتأثير الترويجي لـ \"حزام واحد وطريق واحد\"، وتم تفسير استراتيجية \"الحزام والطريق\" لتنمية السياحة.
Book
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Kidney Inflammation
As a major component of cell membrane lipids, Arachidonic acid (AA), being a major component of the cell membrane lipid content, is mainly metabolized by three kinds of enzymes: cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Based on these three metabolic pathways, AA could be converted into various metabolites that trigger different inflammatory responses. In the kidney, prostaglandins (PG), thromboxane (Tx), leukotrienes (LTs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) are the major metabolites generated from AA. An increased level of prostaglandins (PGs), TxA2 and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) results in inflammatory damage to the kidney. Moreover, the LTB4-leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) axis participates in the acute kidney injury via mediating the recruitment of renal neutrophils. In addition, AA can regulate renal ion transport through 19-hydroxystilbenetetraenoic acid (19-HETE) and 20-HETE, both of which are produced by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) generated by the CYP450 enzyme also plays a paramount role in the kidney damage during the inflammation process. For example, 14 and 15-EET mitigated ischemia/reperfusion-caused renal tubular epithelial cell damage. Many drug candidates that target the AA metabolism pathways are being developed to treat kidney inflammation. These observations support an extraordinary interest in a wide range of studies on drug interventions aiming to control AA metabolism and kidney inflammation.
Journal Article
دراسات حول الفضاء العالمي و\الحزام والطريق\ : (مجلد البيئة الإيكولوجية)
إن معظم الدول والمناطق على طول «الحزام والطريق» هي دول نامية، وتعاني جميعا من مشكلات في البيئة الإيكولوجية أكثر أو أقل، كما إنها تواجه تحديات ضخمة في التوازن بين التنمية وحماية البيئة. وتواجه هذه البلدان النامية فرصا غير مسبوقة أتاحها المفهوم الاستراتيجي لمبادرة «الحزام والطريق»، كما أن كيفية التعامل مع التحدي المتمثل في حماية البيئة الإيكولوجية أثناء بناء وتطوير «الحزام والطريق» هي المهمة الأساسية التي تواجهها البلدان النامية بما فيها الصين. ويناقش هذا الكتاب ويلخص الخلفية البيئية الإيكولوجية للبلدان/ المناطق المشاركة في مبادرة \"الحزام والطريق\" والمشكلات الرئيسية في هذا الجانب.
Book
Microbiome convergence enables siderophore-secreting-rhizobacteria to improve iron nutrition and yield of peanut intercropped with maize
Intercropping has the potential to improve plant nutrition as well as crop yield. However, the exact mechanism promoting improved nutrient acquisition and the role the rhizosphere microbiome may play in this process remains poorly understood. Here, we use a peanut/maize intercropping system to investigate the role of root-associated microbiota in iron nutrition in these crops, combining microbiome profiling, strain and substance isolation and functional validation. We find that intercropping increases iron nutrition in peanut but not in maize plants and that the microbiota composition changes and converges between the two plants tested in intercropping experiments. We identify a
Pseudomonas
secreted siderophore, pyoverdine, that improves iron nutrition in glasshouse and field experiments. Our results suggest that the presence of siderophore-secreting
Pseudomonas
in peanut and maize intercropped plays an important role in iron nutrition. These findings could be used to envision future intercropping practices aiming to improve plant nutrition.
Intercropping has the potential to improve plant nutrition and crop yield. Here, the authors intercrop peanut and maize and show that Pseudomonas secreted siderophore pyoverdine play an important role in plant iron nutrition.
Journal Article
DoseGAN: a generative adversarial network for synthetic dose prediction using attention-gated discrimination and generation
Deep learning algorithms have recently been developed that utilize patient anatomy and raw imaging information to predict radiation dose, as a means to increase treatment planning efficiency and improve radiotherapy plan quality. Current state-of-the-art techniques rely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that use pixel-to-pixel loss to update network parameters. However, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) dose is often heterogeneous, making it difficult to model using pixel-level loss. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) utilize adversarial learning that incorporates image-level loss and is better suited to learn from heterogeneous labels. However, GANs are difficult to train and rely on compromised architectures to facilitate convergence. This study suggests an attention-gated generative adversarial network (DoseGAN) to improve learning, increase model complexity, and reduce network redundancy by focusing on relevant anatomy. DoseGAN was compared to alternative state-of-the-art dose prediction algorithms using heterogeneity index, conformity index, and various dosimetric parameters. All algorithms were trained, validated, and tested using 141 prostate SBRT patients. DoseGAN was able to predict more realistic volumetric dosimetry compared to all other algorithms and achieved statistically significant improvement compared to all alternative algorithms for the V
100
and V
120
of the PTV, V
60
of the rectum, and heterogeneity index.
Journal Article
Lipid Accumulation and Chronic Kidney Disease
Obesity and hyperlipidemia are the most prevalent independent risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD), suggesting that lipid accumulation in the renal parenchyma is detrimental to renal function. Non-esterified fatty acids (also known as free fatty acids, FFA) are especially harmful to the kidneys. A concerted, increased FFA uptake due to high fat diets, overexpression of fatty acid uptake systems such as the CD36 scavenger receptor and the fatty acid transport proteins, and a reduced β-oxidation rate underlie the intracellular lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissues. FFAs in excess can damage podocytes, proximal tubular epithelial cells and the tubulointerstitial tissue through various mechanisms, in particular by boosting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, promoting mitochondrial damage and tissue inflammation, which result in glomerular and tubular lesions. Not all lipids are bad for the kidneys: polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) seem to help lag the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lifestyle interventions, especially dietary adjustments, and lipid-lowering drugs can contribute to improve the clinical outcome of patients with CKD.
Journal Article