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Primary graft failure (pGF) is a frequent complication following cord blood transplantation (CBT). For those patients who will not experience autologous recovery, salvage transplantation should be performed as early as possible. However, standardized treatment protocols for pGF, such as the optimal stem cell source, preparative regimen and the ideal time for salvage transplantation, have yet to be determined. Therefore, we analyzed 17 hematologic malignancy patients who received unmanipulated haploidentical peripheral blood (PB) and BM transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) as a salvage therapy for pGF after CBT. The median interval between the two transplantations was 38 days. The RIC regimen for salvage transplantation consisted of fludarabine, antithymocyte globulin, CY and low-dose TBI. The neutrophil and plt engraftments were achieved in 14 (82.4%) and 13 (76.4%) patients, respectively. The cumulative incidences of grades II–IV and grades III–IV aGVHD were 35.3% and 17.6%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 29.4%. After a median follow-up of 43 months, 10 of 17 patients remained alive in CR. The cumulative incidence of TRM at 180 days was 29.4%. The probability of 3-year OS and leukemia-free survival was 57.5%. Our results show that unmanipulated haploidentical PB and BM transplantation under a RIC regimen is an effective treatment for pGF after CBT.

For the purpose of constructing novel waveguide gas lasers based on hollow-core fibers, we carried out a series of discharge experiments and succeeded in obtaining sustained glow discharge of gas in a 150-μm-inner-diameter (i.d.) hollow-core fiber with the length of 13.7 cm and in a 50-μm-i.d. hollow-core fiber with the length of 2.9 cm by using longitudinal direct current excitation. A flash glow is also observed in hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber with 20-μm i.d. and 2.6-cm length. Initial measurements of current–voltage (I–V) characteristics have been carried out for fibers of various hollow-core sizes filled with various gases at different pressures. Theoretical I–V characteristics are presented and compared with experimental results. Gas discharges in miniature-bore hollow-core fibers were found to exhibit unique characteristics that are different from the traditional larger-bore-diameter tubes. The glow-discharge spectrum of helium gas in a 150-μm-i.d. and 8-cm-length hollow-core fiber is also presented.

ZnO nanowire attracted nanosheets, nanocartridges and hexagonal nanotowers are fabricated by evaporation of ZnS in the presence of trace oxygen under controlled conditions. The nanosheet has an irregular structure, and nanowires sprout from the flange of the nanosheet. The nanocartridge has one row of prismatic nanorods grown on the (0001) surface of the ZnO nanobelts. The hexagonal nanotower, which grows along the c axis, shows an interesting layer structure and seems to form by piling up hexagonal ZnO nanocrystals layer on layer. These nanomaterials might have potential applications in optoelectronics.

Amorphous hydrogenated carbon (aC:H) films containing Au nanoparticles have been successfully prepared by heat-treatment of the precursors including poly(phenylcarbyne) polymer and HAuCl4 at 600 °C in Ar atmosphere. The microstructure and morphology of the obtained films were investigated by means of Raman, XPS, XRD, TEM, and AFM. The sheet resistivity of the films was measured by a four-point probe method. Moreover, a ball-on-disc test was employed to obtain information about the frictional properties and sliding wear resistance of the films. The results show that heat-treatment of the precursors at 600 °C causes the change of the polymer into amorphous hydrogenated carbon phase, and the reduction of AuCl4- anions into zero-valence Au. All of the AuaC:H films exhibit smooth morphologies, with the RMS roughness smaller than 0.80 nm. Au nanoparticles are well dispersed in the amorphous carbon matrix, with size ranging from several to tens of nanometers, and the particle size increases with increasing gold content. The incorporation of Au in the carbon matrix can drastically decrease the resistivity and the resistivity of composite films gradually decreases with increasing Au concentration. AuaC:H films with the Au concentration of 2% and 4% show much better friction-reduction and wear-resistance than aC:H film.

Honeycomb-like alignments of carbon nanotubes were prepared by pyrolysis of a metal phthalocyanine at 950 °C in an Ar/H2 flow. A simple synthetic method has been developed for a large-scale synthesis of aligned carbon nanotubes normal to a substrate surface.

Nanofluids were obtained by filling carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with toluene using supercritical fluid technology. The method reported here should open a novel route to developing nanoscale chemical reactions using CNTs as nanoreactors.

Highly aligned amorphous SiOx nanowires with lengths of up to several hundred microns were synthesized by using a millimeter-sized droplet of elemental gallium as a catalyst. Gallium displays highly catalytic activity for the growth of SiOx nanowires. Some novel patterns of aligned SiOx nanowires, including honeycomb-like and spindle-like structures, were observed. These SiOx nanowires are expected to be used in nanooptics and reinforcing composites.

1100 Al/1100 Al laminated-metal material with inner grooves (LMWGs) were fabricated by hot roll bonding. Threshold deformation (the minimum rolling reduction in a single rolling pass that is required for metal bonding) and the mechanical properties of hot-roll-bonded LMWG and cold-roll-bonded LMWG were investigated and compared. The effects of rolling temperature and rolling reduction on the bond strength of the hot-roll-bonded LMWG were also studied. It was observed that the threshold deformation of the hot-roll-bonded LMWG decreased with increasing rolling temperature from 300 to 450 °C. However, the threshold deformations of the LMWGs rolled at 400-450 °C were smaller than those of the LMWGs rolled at room temperature, while the latter were smaller than those of the LMWGs rolled at 300-350 °C. The bond strength, ultimate tensile strength, and yield strength of the hot-roll-bonded LMWG increased with increasing rolling temperature from 300 to 450 °C. The effects of the rolling reduction were slight. When the rolling temperature and rolling reduction were 450 °C and 55%, respectively, the average bond strength reached a maximum value of 89.42 MPa.

Nodular cast iron was with excellent casting performance, abrasion resistance, strength, and toughness, and successfully applied in large components with high requirements of complex load, strength, etc. While high-efficiency precision machining of large-size plane nodular cast iron was difficult in actual production. In this study, the influence of cutting parameters on cutting performance in the precision milling of large size nodular cast iron was systematically investigated. The spindle peak-power ratio increased linearly as the increase of cutting speed and cutting depth, while it was the lowest at a feed rate of 0.10 mm on account of the minimum cutting depth effect. The surface roughness Ra was decreased linearly as the increase of cutting speed, while the change trend of Ra was not significant as feed rate and cutting depth. As the cutting speed increased, the flaky chips shortened and the helical chip crimped intensity; as the increase of feed rate or longitudinal cutting depth, the length of the foil or ribbon chips increased and the crimp of the helical chip increased. The results could be the guide of the actual machining process of nodular cast iron engine box and cover to improve the machining efficiency and surface quality.