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result(s) for
"Wang, Yu-Ming"
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Semaglutide ameliorates cardiac remodeling in male mice by optimizing energy substrate utilization through the Creb5/NR4a1 axis
Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is clinically used as a glucose-lowering and weight loss medication due to its effects on energy metabolism. In heart failure, energy production is impaired due to altered mitochondrial function and increased glycolysis. However, the impact of semaglutide on cardiomyocyte metabolism under pressure overload remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that semaglutide improves cardiac function and reduces hypertrophy and fibrosis in a mouse model of pressure overload-induced heart failure. Semaglutide preserves mitochondrial structure and function under chronic stress. Metabolomics reveals that semaglutide reduces mitochondrial damage, lipid accumulation, and ATP deficiency by promoting pyruvate entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and increasing fatty acid oxidation. Transcriptional analysis shows that semaglutide regulates myocardial energy metabolism through the Creb5/NR4a1 axis in the PI3K/AKT pathway, reducing NR4a1 expression and its translocation to mitochondria. NR4a1 knockdown ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in the heart. These findings suggest that semaglutide may be a therapeutic agent for improving cardiac remodeling by modulating energy metabolism.
Semaglutide is used for glucose control and weight reduction. Here, the authors show that it enhances myocardial metabolism by targeting Creb5/NR4a1, protecting against cardiac remodeling and offering a therapeutic approach for heart failure through metabolic regulation.
Journal Article
Precision calculations of the double radiative bottom-meson decays in soft-collinear effective theory
A
bstract
Employing the systematic framework of soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) we perform an improved calculation of the leading-power contributions to the double radiative
B
d,s
-meson decay amplitudes in the heavy quark expansion by including the perturbative resummation of enhanced logarithms of
m
b
/
Λ
QCD
at the next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy. We then construct the QCD factorization formulae for the subleading power contributions arising from the energetic photon radiation off the constituent light-flavour quark of the bottom meson at tree level. Furthermore, we explore the factorization properties of the subleading power correction from the effective SCET current
at
O
α
s
0
by virtue of the operator identities due to the classical equations of motion. The higher-twist contributions to the
B
d,s
→ γγ
helicity form factors from the two-particle and three-particle bottom-meson distribution amplitudes are evaluated with the perturbative factorization technique, up to the twist-six accuracy. In addition, the subleading power weak-annihilation contributions from both the current-current and QCD penguin operators are taken into account at the one-loop accuracy. We proceed to apply the operator-production-expansion-controlled dispersion relation for estimating the power-suppressed soft contributions to the double radiative
B
d,s
-meson decay form factors, which cannot be factorized into the light-cone distribution amplitudes of the heavy-meson and the resolved photon as well as the hard-scattering kernel calculable in perturbation theory canonically. Phenomenological explorations of the radiative
B
d,s
→ γγ
decay observables in the presence of the neutral-meson mixing, including the CP-averaged branching fractions, the polarization fractions and the time-dependent CP asymmetries, are carried out subsequently with an emphasis on the numerical impacts of the newly computed ingredients together with the theory uncertainties from the shape parameters of the HQET bottom-meson distribution amplitudes.
Journal Article
QCD calculations of B → π, K form factors with higher-twist corrections
A
bstract
We update QCD calculations of
B
→
π
,
K
form factors at large hadronic recoil by including the subleading-power corrections from the higher-twist
B
-meson light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) up to the twist-six accuracy and the strange-quark mass effects at leading-power in Λ/
m
b
from the twist-two
B
-meson LCDA
ϕ
B
+
(
ω
,
μ
). The higher-twist corrections from both the two-particle and three-particle
B
-meson LCDAs are computed from the light-cone QCD sum rules (LCSR) at tree level. In particular, we construct the local duality model for the twist-five and -six
B
-meson LCDAs, in agreement with the corresponding asymptotic behaviours at small quark and gluon momenta, employing the method of QCD sum rules in heavy quark effective theory at leading order in
α
s
. The strange quark mass effects in semileptonic
B
→
K
form factors yield the leading-power contribution in the heavy quark expansion, consistent with the power-counting analysis in soft-collinear effective theory, and they are also computed from the LCSR approach due to the appearance of the rapidity singularities. We demonstrate explicitly that the SU(3)-flavour symmetry breaking effects between
B
→
π
and
B
→
K
form factors, free of the power suppression in Λ/
m
b
, are suppressed by a factor of
α
s
m
b
Λ
in perturbative expansion, and they also respect the large-recoil symmetry relations of the heavy-to-light form factors at least at one-loop accuracy. An exploratory analysis of the obtained sum rules for
B
→
π
,
K
form factors with two distinct models for the
B
-meson LCDAs indicates that the dominant higher-twist corrections are from the Wandzura-Wilczek part of the two-particle LCDA of twist five
g
B
−
(
ω
,
μ
) instead of the three-particle
B
-meson LCDAs. The resulting SU(3)-flavour symmetry violation effects of
B
→
π
,
K
form factors turn out to be insensitive to the non-perturbative models of
B
-meson LCDAs. We further explore the phenomenological aspects of the semileptonic
B
→
πℓν
decays and the rare exclusive processes
B
→
Kνν
, including the determination of the CKM matrix element |
V
ub
|, the normalized differential
q
2
distributions and precision observables defined by the ratios of branching fractions for the above-mentioned two channels in the same intervals of
q
2
.
Journal Article
The D∗Dπ and B∗Bπ couplings from light-cone sum rules
A
bstract
We revisit the calculation of the strong couplings
D
∗
Dπ
and
B
∗
Bπ
from the QCD light-cone sum rules using the pion light-cone distribution amplitudes. The accuracy of the correlation function, calculated from the operator product expansion near the light-cone, is upgraded by taking into account the gluon radiative corrections to the twist-3 terms. The double spectral density of the correlation function, including the twist-2, 3 terms at
O
α
s
and the twist-4 LO terms, is presented in an analytical form for the first time. This form allows us to use various versions of the quark-hadron duality regions in the double dispersion relation underlying the sum rules. We predict
g
D
∗
Dπ
=
14.1
−
1.2
+
1.3
and
g
B
∗
Bπ
=
30.0
−
2.4
+
2.6
when the decay constants of heavy mesons entering the light-cone sum rule are taken from lattice QCD results. We compare our results with the experimental value for the charmed meson coupling and with the lattice QCD calculations.
Journal Article
QCD factorization for the four-body leptonic B-meson decays
A
bstract
Employing the QCD factorization formalism we compute
B
u
−
→
γ
∗
ℓ
v
¯
ℓ
form factors with an off-shell photon state possessing the virtuality of order
m
b
Λ
QCD
and
m
b
2
, respectively, at next-to-leading order in QCD. Perturbative resummation for the enhanced logarithms of
m
b
/Λ
QCD
in the resulting factorization formulae is subsequently accomplished at next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy with the renormalization-group technique in momentum space. In particular, we derive the soft-collinear factorization formulae for a variety of the subleading power corrections to the exclusive radiative
B
u
−
→
γ
∗
W
∗
form factors with a hard-collinear photon at
O
α
s
0
. We further construct a complete set of the angular observables governing the full differential distribution of the four-body leptonic decays
B
u
−
→
ℓ
′
ℓ
¯
′
ℓ
v
¯
ℓ
with
ℓ
,
ℓ′
∈ {
e
,
μ
} and then perform an exploratory phenomenological analysis for a number of decay observables accessible at the LHCb and Belle II experiments, with an emphasis on the systematic uncertainties arising from the shape parameters of the leading-twist
B
-meson light-cone distribution amplitude in heavy quark effective theory.
Journal Article
Subleading power corrections to the pion-photon transition form factor in QCD
A
bstract
We reconsider QCD factorization for the leading power contribution to the
γ
*
γ
→
π
0
form factor
F
γ
*
γ
→
π
0(
Q
2
) at one loop using the evanescent operator approach, and demonstrate the equivalence of the resulting factorization formulae derived with distinct prescriptions of
γ
5
in dimensional regularization. Applying the light-cone QCD sum rules (LCSRs) with photon distribution amplitudes (DAs) we further compute the subleading power contribution to the pion-photon form factor induced by the “hadronic” component of the real photon at the next-to-leading-order in
O
α
s
, with both naive dimensional regularization and ’t Hooft-Veltman schemes of
γ
5
. Confronting our theoretical predictions of
F
γ
*
γ
→π0
(
Q
2
) with the experimental measurements from the BaBar and the Belle Collaborations implies that a reasonable agreement can be achieved without introducing an “exotic” end-point behaviour for the twist-2 pion DA.
Journal Article
QCD calculations of radiative heavy meson decays with subleading power corrections
A
bstract
We revisit QCD calculations of radiative heavy meson decay form factors by including the subleading power corrections from the twist-two photon distribution amplitude at next-to-leading-order in
α
s
with the method of the light-cone sum rules (LCSR). The desired hard-collinear factorization formula for the vacuum-to-photon correlation function with the interpolating currents for two heavy mesons is constructed with the operator- product-expansion technique in the presence of evanescent operators. Applying the back- ground field approach, the higher twist corrections from both the two-particle and three- particle photon distribution amplitudes are further computed in the LCSR framework at leading-order in QCD, up to the twist-four accuracy. Combining the leading power “point- like” photon contribution at tree level and the subleading power resolved photon corrections from the newly derived LCSR, we update theory predictions for the nonperturbative couplings describing the electromagnetic decay processes of the heavy mesons
H
∗±
→ H
±
γ
,
H
∗0
→ H
0
γ
,
H
s
∗
±
→
H
s
±
γ
(with
H
=
D, B
). Furthermore, we perform an exploratory comparisons of our sum rule computations of the heavy-meson magnetic couplings with the previous determinations based upon different QCD approaches and phenomenological models.
Journal Article
New horizons for the therapeutic application of nanozymes in cancer treatment
The advent of nanozymes has revolutionized approaches to cancer diagnosis and therapy, introducing innovative strategies that address the limitations of conventional treatments. Nanozyme nanostructures with enzyme-mimicking catalytic abilities exhibit exceptional stability, biocompatibility, and customizable functions, positioning them as promising tools for cancer theranostics. By emulating natural enzyme reactions, nanozymes can selectively target and eradicate cancer cells, minimizing harm to adjacent healthy tissues. Nanozymes can also be functionalized with specific targeting ligands, allowing for the precise delivery and regulated release of therapeutic agents, improving treatment effectiveness and reducing adverse effects. However, issues such as biocompatibility, selectivity, and regulatory compliance remain critical challenges for the clinical application of nanozymes. This review provides an overview of nanozymes, highlighting their unique properties, various classifications, catalytic activities, and diverse applications in cancer treatments. The strategic oncological deployment of nanozymes could profoundly impact future advancements in personalized medicine, highlighting recent progress and prospective directions in enzyme-mimetic approaches for cancer treatment. This review summarizes an overview of nanozymes, highlighting their unique properties, various classifications, catalytic activities, and diverse applications in cancer treatments.
Graphical Abstract
Highlights
A brief history of the discovery and development of nanozymes.
Physicochemical properties, classification, and catalytic mechanism.
Overview of cancer diagnosis and the potential synergistic effects of cancer therapies.
Journal Article
Perturbative corrections to B → D form factors in QCD
A
bstract
We compute perturbative QCD corrections to
B
→
D
form factors at leading power in Λ/
m
b
, at large hadronic recoil, from the light-cone sum rules (LCSR) with
B
-meson distribution amplitudes in HQET. QCD factorization for the vacuum-to-
B
-meson correlation function with an interpolating current for the
D
-meson is demonstrated explicitly at one loop with the power counting scheme
m
c
∼
O
Λ
m
b
. The jet functions encoding information of the hard-collinear dynamics in the above-mentioned correlation function are complicated by the appearance of an additional hard-collinear scale
m
c
, compared to the counterparts entering the factorization formula of the vacuum-to-
B
-meson correction function for the construction of
B
→ π from factors. Inspecting the next-to-leading-logarithmic sum rules for the form factors of
B
→
Dℓν
indicates that perturbative corrections to the hard-collinear functions are more profound than that for the hard functions, with the default theory inputs, in the physical kinematic region. We further compute the subleading power correction induced by the three-particle quark-gluon distribution amplitudes of the
B
-meson at tree level employing the background gluon field approach. The LCSR predictions for the semileptonic
B
→
Dℓν
form factors are then extrapolated to the entire kinematic region with the
z
-series parametrization. Phenomenological implications of our determinations for the form factors
f
BD
+,0
(
q
2
) are explored by investigating the (differential) branching fractions and the
R
(
D
) ratio of
B
→
Dℓν
and by determining the CKM matrix element
|V
cb
|
from the total decay rate of
B
→
Dμν
μ
.
Journal Article