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"Waseem, Muhammad"
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Global development of religious tourism
\"This book looks at religious tourism by discussing the traditional cultures, the history of religions, national religious traditions, rituals, through the study of geography, statistics and development trends of religious tourism in the world\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Knowledge-hiding behaviors and employees’ silence: mediating role of psychological contract breach
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between knowledge-hiding behaviors (evasive hiding, playing dumb and rationalized hiding) and employees’ silence (defensive silence, relational silence and ineffectual silence). Besides, this paper investigates the relation mediated by psychological contract breach.
Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected with three-time lags (40 days each) through a structured questionnaire from 389 employees of registered software houses in Pakistan. The structural equation modeling (partial least squares) approach is used for data analysis.
Findings
The findings of this study confirm that knowledge-hiding behaviors have a significant and positive relationship with employees’ silence, and psychological contract breach significantly mediates the relationship between knowledge-hiding behaviors and employees’ silence.
Practical implications
The implications of this study are very supportive to the knowledge-intensive organizations, i.e. software houses. The management should increase the knowledge sharing and trust culture among employees to discourage the knowledge-hiding behaviors among employees. Moreover, supervisors should develop trust among employees, motivate them to avoid knowledge hiding and encourage the employees to raise their voices against their problems in a formal way.
Originality/value
The present study highlights the impact of different dimensions of knowledge hiding on employees’ silence and the role of psychological contract breach as a mediator in this scenario.
Journal Article
Accelerating knowledge sharing, creativity, and innovation through business tourism
\"\"This book examines the importance of business tourism in the domain of social sciences and management sciences literature. It also highlights negatives and positives of business traveling specifically, the bright side of tourism and how to establish a logical link between business tourism and employee learning and knowledge transfer skills\"--Provided by publisher\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Evolving Dimensions of Bullying in Children
Bullying remains a pervasive issue that affects many children worldwide, with devastating consequences that ripple through their lives and communities [...].Bullying remains a pervasive issue that affects many children worldwide, with devastating consequences that ripple through their lives and communities [...].
Journal Article
The shift to 6G communications: vision and requirements
The sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication network is expected to integrate the terrestrial, aerial, and maritime communications into a robust network which would be more reliable, fast, and can support a massive number of devices with ultra-low latency requirements. The researchers around the globe are proposing cutting edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML), quantum communication/quantum machine learning (QML), blockchain, tera-Hertz and millimeter waves communication, tactile Internet, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), small cells communication, fog/edge computing, etc., as the key technologies in the realization of beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G communications. In this article, we provide a detailed overview of the 6G network dimensions with air interface and associated potential technologies. More specifically, we highlight the use cases and applications of the proposed 6G networks in various dimensions. Furthermore, we also discuss the key performance indicators (KPI) for the B5G/6G network, challenges, and future research opportunities in this domain.
Journal Article
Mechanisms of Abscisic Acid-Mediated Drought Stress Responses in Plants
Drought is one of the major constraints to rain-fed agricultural production, especially under climate change conditions. Plants evolved an array of adaptive strategies that perceive stress stimuli and respond to these stress signals through specific mechanisms. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a premier signal for plants to respond to drought and plays a critical role in plant growth and development. ABA triggers a variety of physiological processes such as stomatal closure, root system modulation, organizing soil microbial communities, activation of transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression, and metabolic alterations. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of ABA-mediated drought responses in plants is critical for ensuring crop yield and global food security. In this review, we highlighted how plants adjust ABA perception, transcriptional levels of ABA- and drought-related genes, and regulation of metabolic pathways to alter drought stress responses at both cellular and the whole plant level. Understanding the synergetic role of drought and ABA will strengthen our knowledge to develop stress-resilient crops through integrated advanced biotechnology approaches. This review will elaborate on ABA-mediated drought responses at genetic, biochemical, and molecular levels in plants, which is critical for advancement in stress biology research.
Journal Article
A Survey on IoT-Enabled Smart Grids: Emerging, Applications, Challenges, and Outlook
Swift population growth and rising demand for energy in the 21st century have resulted in considerable efforts to make the electrical grid more intelligent and responsive to accommodate consumers’ needs better while enhancing the reliability and efficiency of modern power systems. Internet of Things (IoT) has appeared as one of the enabling technologies for smart energy grids by delivering abundant cutting-edge solutions in various domains, including critical infrastructures. As IoT-enabled devices continue to flourish, one of the major challenges is security issues, since IoT devices are connected through the Internet, thus making the smart grids vulnerable to a diverse range of cyberattacks. Given the possible cascading consequences of shutting down a power system, a cyberattack on a smart grid would have disastrous implications for the stability of all grid-connected infrastructures. Most of the gadgets in our homes, workplaces, hospitals, and on trains require electricity to run. Therefore, the entire grid is subject to cyberattacks when a single device is hacked. Such attacks on power supplies may bring entire cities to a standstill, resulting in massive economic losses. As a result, security is an important element to address before the large-scale deployment of IoT-based devices in energy systems. In this report, first, we review the architecture and infrastructure of IoT-enabled smart grids; then, we focus on major challenges and security issues regarding their implementation. Lastly, as the main outcome of this study, we highlight the advanced solutions and technologies that can help IoT-enabled smart grids be more resilient and secure in overcoming existing cyber and physical attacks. In this regard, in the future, the broad implementation of cutting-edge secure and data transmission systems based on blockchain techniques is necessary to safeguard the entire electrical grid against cyber-physical adversaries.
Journal Article
Soil Moisture Measuring Techniques and Factors Affecting the Moisture Dynamics: A Comprehensive Review
The amount of surface soil moisture (SSM) is a crucial ecohydrological natural resource that regulates important land surface processes. It affects critical land–atmospheric phenomena, including the division of energy and water (infiltration, runoff, and evaporation), that impacts the effectiveness of agricultural output (sensible and latent heat fluxes and surface air temperature). Despite its significance, there are several difficulties in making precise measurements, monitoring, and interpreting SSM at high spatial and temporal resolutions. The current study critically reviews the methods and procedures for calculating SSM and the variables influencing measurement accuracy and applicability under different fields, climates, and operational conditions. For laboratory and field measurements, this study divides SSM estimate strategies into (i) direct and (ii) indirect procedures. The accuracy and applicability of a technique depends on the environment and the resources at hand. Comparative research is geographically restricted, although precise and economical—direct measuring techniques like the gravimetric method are time-consuming and destructive. In contrast, indirect methods are more expensive and do not produce measurements at the spatial scale but produce precise data on a temporal scale. While measuring SSM across more significant regions, ground-penetrating radar and remote sensing methods are susceptible to errors caused by overlapping data and atmospheric factors. On the other hand, soft computing techniques like machine/deep learning are quite handy for estimating SSM without any technical or laborious procedures. We determine that factors, e.g., topography, soil type, vegetation, climate change, groundwater level, depth of soil, etc., primarily influence the SSM measurements. Different techniques have been put into practice for various practical situations, although comparisons between them are not available frequently in publications. Each method offers a unique set of potential advantages and disadvantages. The most accurate way of identifying the best soil moisture technique is the value selection method (VSM). The neutron probe is preferable to the FDR or TDR sensor for measuring soil moisture. Remote sensing techniques have filled the need for large-scale, highly spatiotemporal soil moisture monitoring. Through self-learning capabilities in data-scarce areas, machine/deep learning approaches facilitate soil moisture measurement and prediction.
Journal Article
Moving Towards Large-Scale Particle Based Fluid Simulation in Unity 3D
Large-scale particle-based fluid simulations present significant computational challenges, particularly in achieving interactive frame rates while maintaining visual quality. Unity3D’s widespread adoption in game development, VR/AR applications, and scientific visualization creates a unique need for efficient fluid simulation within its ecosystem. This paper presents a GPU-accelerated Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) framework implemented in Unity3D that effectively addresses these challenges through several key innovations. Unlike previous GPU-accelerated SPH implementations that typically struggle with scaling beyond 100,000 particles while maintaining real-time performance, we introduce a novel fusion of Count Sort with Parallel Prefix Scan for spatial hashing that transforms the traditionally expensive O(n²) neighborhood search into an efficient O(n) operation, significantly outperforming traditional GPU sorting algorithms in particle-based simulations. Our implementation leverages a Structure of Arrays (SoA) memory layout, optimized for GPU compute shaders, achieving 30–45% improved computation throughput over traditional Array of Structures approaches. Performance evaluations demonstrate that our method achieves throughput rates up to 168,600 particles/ms while maintaining consistent 5.7–6.0 ms frame times across varying particle counts from 10,000 to 1,000,000. The framework maintains interactive frame rates (>30 FPS) with up to 500,000 particles and remains responsive even at 1 million particles. Collision rates approaching 1.0 indicate near-optimal hash distribution, while the adaptive time stepping mechanism adds minimal computational overhead (2–5%) while significantly improving simulation stability. These innovations enable real-time, large-scale fluid simulations with applications spanning visual effects, game development, and scientific visualization.
Journal Article
Design of highly nonlinear confusion component based on entangled points of quantum spin states
Cryptosystems are commonly deployed to secure data transmission over an insecure line of communication. To provide confusion in the data over insecure networks, substitution boxes are the solitary components for delivering a nonlinear mapping between inputs and outputs. A confusion component of a block cipher with high nonlinearity and low differential and linear approximation probabilities is considered secure against cryptanalysis. This study aims to design a highly nonlinear substitution-permutation network using the blotch symmetry of quantum spin states on the Galois field
GF
(2
8
). To observe the efficiency of the proposed methodology, some common and advanced measures were evaluated for performance, randomness, and cryptanalytics. The outcomes of these analyses validate that the generated nonlinear confusion components are effective for block ciphers and attain better cryptographic strength with a high signal-to-noise ratio in comparison to state-of-the-art techniques.
Journal Article